The Importance of the Cairo Geniza Manuscripts for the History of Medieval Female Attire

1976 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yedida K. Stillman
Keyword(s):  
Art History ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Muslim Women ◽  
Jewish Women ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cairo Geniza ◽  
Socioeconomic History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Medieval Egypt

Over the past two decades scholars have become aware of the great importance of the so-called Cairo Geniza documents as a primary source for medieval Mediterranean socioeconomic history. This awareness is due principally to the indefatigable work of S. D. Goitein. The Geniza documents also provide an important source for one aspect of the art history of the period. The some 750 trousseau lists from the Cairo Geniza, in combination with ancillary Geniza records, offer a wealth of information—hitherto unexploited—on the attire of Jewish women in medieval Egypt, and by extension, the attire of Muslim women as well. The trousseau lists dating mainly from the Fatimid and Ayyubid periods (969–1250)—and to a lesser extent from the Mamluk (1250–1517)—contain the complete wardrobe of a medieval Egyptian bride.

Art and archives

1978 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Whalley ◽  
Clive Wainwright ◽  
Sarah Fox-Rtt
Keyword(s):  
Primary Source ◽  
Source Material ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
National Register ◽  
Siegfried Sassoon ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
General Kind ◽  
Victoria And Albert Museum ◽  
Active Policy

The Library of the Victoria and Albert Museum has always collected primary source material. This consists of artists’ letters, diaries, sitters’ books and various personal papers. Or it may be material of a more general kind: inventories, bills, unpublished articles, recipes for paints and varnishes and similar items of use to the Museum departments or to other readers. Occasionally in the past we have been offered material relating to a firm, a person, or a society, which consisted of a mixture of printed matter, photographs, original drawings, manuscript letters etc., which, when received in the Museum, would be divided among the relevant departments — the Library and the Department of Prints and Drawings in particular. The Library continues to acquire manuscript material of the kind mentioned above, and indeed in the last two years has pursued an active policy in this field. As a result we have acquired such varied items as the wardrobe accounts of the Empress Josephine for 1809 (2 large boxes of them), a 16th century herald’s sketchbook, an unpublished history of jade, and a letter from Sir William Nicholson to Siegfried Sassoon agreeing to illustrate ‘Memoirs of a fox-hunting man’. A list of the English accessions is published annually, and all acquisitions are notified to the National Register of Archives. Most of the items were acquired by purchase (e.g. from booksellers’ lists or auction sales), but there have also been some welcome donations.

The Legal History of Public Land in Liberia

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caleb J Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Legal History ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Public Land ◽  
Legal Concept ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Source Materials

AbstractThis article demonstrates that there has never been a clear definition of public land in Liberian legal history, although in the past the government operated as if all land that was not under private deed was public. By examining primary source materials found in archives in Liberia and the USA, the article traces the origins of public land in Liberia and its ambiguous development as a legal concept. It also discusses the ancillary issues of public land sale procedures and statutory prices. The conclusions reached have significant implications for the reform of Liberia's land sector.

scholarly journals Approaching mercury distribution in burial environment using PLS-R modelling

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noemi Álvarez-Fernández ◽  
Antonio Martínez Cortizas ◽  
Zaira García-López ◽  
Olalla López-Costas
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Mercury Distribution ◽  
The Past ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One

AbstractMercury environmental cycle and toxicology have been widely researched. Given the long history of mercury pollution, researching mercury trends in the past can help to understand its behaviour in the present. Archaeological skeletons have been found to be useful sources of information regarding mercury loads in the past. In our study we applied a soil multi-sampling approach in two burials dated to the 5th to 6th centuries AD. PLRS modelling was used to elucidate the factors controlling mercury distribution. The model explains 72% of mercury variance and suggests that mercury accumulation in the burial soils is the result of complex interactions. The decomposition of the bodies not only was the primary source of mercury to the soil but also responsible for the pedogenetic transformation of the sediments and the formation of soil components with the ability to retain mercury. The amount of soft tissues and bone mass also resulted in differences between burials, indicating that the skeletons were a primary/secondary source of mercury to the soil (i.e. temporary sink). Within burial variability seems to depend on the proximity of the soil to the thoracic area, where the main mercury target organs were located. We also conclude that, in coarse textured soils, as the ones studied in this investigation, the finer fraction (i.e. silt + clay) should be analysed, as it is the most reactive and the one with the higher potential to provide information on metal cycling and incipient soil processes. Finally, our study stresses the need to characterise the burial soil environment in order to fully understand the role of the interactions between soil and skeleton in mercury cycling in burial contexts.

Communist Strategy by 1928: The Mobilization of Discontent

1980 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 694-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia R. Ristaino
Keyword(s):  
Primary Source ◽  
Policy Documents ◽  
The Past ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
Political Struggles ◽  
Communist Movement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Key Policy ◽  
Internal Policy ◽  
Primary Materials

The years 1927 and 1928 are crucial in the history of the Chinese Communist Movement. But because of the lack of primary source material in the past, these years have not received adequate attention from scholars, and therefore have not been well understood. In contrast, the years up to 1927 have received extensive scholarly treatment, because of the availability of key policy documents for the Communist movement during that period. Similar conditions apply concerning the study of the movement beginning in 1930. Rich primary materials exist illuminating internal policy debates and political struggles that helped shaped Communist programmes and actions during those later years.

The Use of Social Isolation (inqiṭāʿ) by Jewish Women in Medieval Egypt

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 820-852
Author(s):  
Oded Zinger
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Jewish Women ◽  
Cairo Geniza ◽  
Opposite Trend ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Belonging ◽  
Medieval Egypt

Abstract Petitions from the Cairo Geniza often emphasize that the petitioner is lonely or “cut off” (munqaṭiʿ) from social support. Such claims are gendered, as they are more common in women’s petitions than in men’s, and women occasionally use explicitly gendered expressions to highlight their social isolation. Claiming to lack social support had a special valency in medieval Islamicate societies due to the primacy of reciprocal social relationships in these societies. Since women’s access to cultural and social capital was more limited than men’s, women lacking effective and supportive male kin were particularly vulnerable and were recognized as deserving justice. Studying claims of social isolation thus sheds light on the social predicament of Jewish women in medieval Egypt. Finally, recognizing the currency of social isolation in women’s petition helps identify an opposite trend of social belonging in men’s petitions.

scholarly journals ON THE ETHNIC STRUCTURE OF MEDIA

2019 ◽  
pp. 60-74
Author(s):  
HOVHANNES KHORIKYAN
Keyword(s):  
Historical Geography ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Achaemenid Empire ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Given ◽  
Historical Periods

The study of the history of Media is very significant for Armenia too, as the past of both countries is closely related to each other in different historical periods. In the following article the information about the Gelae, the Mardi, the Anariacae, the Derbices, kept in the primary source, is being discussed. Research shows that the given tribes belonged to the Iranian World without any exceptions. Some important and wrinkled issues on the historical geography of the 10th Satrapy were examined in the article, the elucidation of which has an important meaning for studying the history of the Achaemenid Empire and Ancient Iran.

scholarly journals The Art of Searching: On “Wild Archaeologies” from Kant to Kittler

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (51) ◽  
Author(s):  
Knut Ebeling
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Art History ◽  
Historical Thinking ◽  
History Of Knowledge ◽  
Classical Archaeology ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Archaeological Method ◽  
Recent Claim

The article focuses on the phenomenon of “Wild Archaeologies” – that is, on “archaeologies” that have appeared in the history of knowledge outside of Classical Archaeology: The first of these projects one thinks of, is of course Foucault’s L’archéologie du savoir, but there has also been Freud’s archaeology of the soul, Benjamin’s archaeology of modernity as well as Kittler’s archaeology of media – and even Kant’s archaeology of metaphysics. All of these various projects experimented with a material reflection of temporality and presented alternatives to the conventional historical thinking of the past. What do these various projects have in common? What is their historical, philosophical and epistemological relation to contemporary archive theory as well as to Classical Archaeology? And which consequences has this “archaeological method” or thinking for art history? And finally, what does Giorgio Agamben’s recent claim mean: that “the archaeologist’s gesture is the paradigm of every human activity”?

The art library – a moving target

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Paul Greenhalgh
Keyword(s):  
Art History ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Moving Target ◽  
Art Students ◽  
Art And Design ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of

Art libraries are plural entities in that they have multiple functions and serve a variety of users. In the United Kingdom, as elsewhere, academic art libraries provide visual resources for artists and art students; they also provide a wide range of texts for students of increasingly specialised branches of the history of art and design and of ‘visual studies’. Their librarians should collaborate with academic colleagues to develop the library to serve the institution’s needs; at the same time the institution should recognise the role of the library. The broader spectrum represented by the ‘new art history’ challenges the art library to widen its scope, although this must be done through networking as well as by means of collection development. Scholars realise that they must generally expect to have to go to the major libraries and archives for primary source material, although smaller art libraries often have valuable materials and some scholars might be encouraged to share their own research collections through the libraries of their institutions. Information technology has become the key to tracing material, but is no substitute for direct interaction with the materials themselves.

Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Art History ◽  
Oral Traditions ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Testimonial Literature ◽  
Spanish Colonial ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research And Teaching ◽  
Full Page ◽  
Key Points ◽  
History Of

The Andean chronicler Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala and his Nueva corónica y buen gobierno stand at the intersection of the study of the Andean world of the past and that of Latin America in the present. Written in the early 17th century, the Nueva corónica y buen gobierno is both colonial and postcolonial: created in the Spanish colonial past of the Peruvian viceroyalty it reflects on the society of its day; read from the postcolonial perspective of the present, its concerns have never been more current. As a long-ago antecedent of the testimonial literature of today, Guaman Poma combines the resonances of Andean oral traditions and European written sources. As a testimony to the lifeways of the Andean past and Guaman Poma’s Spanish colonial present, there are few sources like it. Its 399 full-page drawings speak louder than its 800 pages of Quechua-inflected prose, and its images of Inca-era history and practices are followed by a unique pictorial account of life in the Peruvian viceroyalty that depicts the activities of all the castes and classes of colonial society. The life of Guaman Poma has been a topic of considerable interest. His presence in the archival documentary record as well as his work as an artist for the first version of the Mercedarian friar Martín de Murúa’s history of the Incas are key points of access to his experience. The Nueva corónica y buen gobierno offers new and ongoing challenges to research and teaching in such fields as history, art history, environmental studies, linguistics, and literary and cultural studies in Andeanist, Latin Americanist, and postcolonialist perspectives. Guaman Poma’s account reveals how social roles and identities could evolve under colonial rule over the course of a single individual’s lifetime. As a speaker of indigenous languages who learned Spanish, and thus called an “indio ladino” by the colonizers, Guaman Poma’s Quechua-inflected Spanish prose may present reading challenges but his 399 drawings welcome casual as well as scholarly and student readers into the rooms and onto the roadways of the multiethnic—Andean, African, Spanish, and Spanish creole—society that he inhabited.

Exhibition History and the Institution as a Medium

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Collicelli Cagol
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Art History ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
The Past ◽  
Exhibition History ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Recent Debate ◽  
The Relationship

The recent debate on the relationship between histories of exhibition and art history tends to consider the former as supplementary to the latter. While it is certainly not the case that art history of the second half of the twentieth century should be reduced to a history of exhibitions—given the variety of contexts in which artists have operated—exhibition histories should likewise not be addressed only to enrich art historical narratives, or be selected according to their relationship to an art historical canon. In fact, exhibition histories provide critical tools to approach history in itself: by revealing cultural debates of the past, they help retracing histories of ideas; their expanded field highlights the connections between art and other realms, such as commerce, and they reveal politics and policies of an institution, stressing the latter in order to create a narrative to understand the present and imagine the future.

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