Supplementing high-yielding cows at pasture with concentrates fed at a level determined by milk yield and season

1962 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Laird ◽  
J. Walker-Love
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Supplementary Feeding ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Considerable Controversy ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Yield Time

The practice of supplementary feeding of concentrates has been the subject of much investigation and also the centre of considerable controversy during the last decade. The latter is perhaps not hard to explain as so many variables are present; first and foremost there is the cow which at all times must be considered an individual whether it be milk yield, time of calving or dry-matter intake. In addition, one must always take into account the quantity and quality of grass, both of which are dependent on sward management and the system of grazing.

scholarly journals Milk Production and Quality of Lactating Yak Fed Oat Silage Prepared with a Low-Temperature-Tolerant Lactic Acid Bacteria Inoculant

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2437
Author(s):  
Mingming Zhu ◽  
Rongqing Xie ◽  
Liangyin Chen ◽  
Minghong You ◽  
Wenlong Gou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Total N

This study aimed to investigate the effect of oat silage treated with a low-temperature-tolerant lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculant on milk yield and the quality of lactating yaks. Oat silages were prepared in big round bales, treated without (control) or with a low-temperature-tolerant LAB inoculant (a mixture of Lactobacillus plantarum BP18, Pediococcus pentosaceus HS1 and Lactobacillus buchneri LP22; the application rate of 105 cfu/g on a fresh matter basis). Eighteen lactating yaks were divided into nine pairs with a similar milk yield. Each pair of yaks was randomly allocated to the control or LAB-inoculated silage treatment. The inoculated silage increased the dry matter intake and the total volatile fatty acid (mainly acetate, propionate and butyrate) in rumen fluid compared with the control. The inoculated silage also enhanced the yield of yak milk with high contents of total N, fat and lactose. In addition, high levels of essential amino acids (Thr, Leu and Phe), polyunsaturated fatty acids and low saturated fatty acids were observed in milk when lactating yaks were fed with the inoculated silage. Therefore, inoculation with a low-temperature-tolerant LAB during ensiling could promote the milk yield of lactating yaks by enhancing dry matter intake and ruminal fermentation.

scholarly journals Effects of different amounts of crude glycerol supplementation on dry matter intake, milk yield, and milk quality of lactating dairy cows grazing on a Kikuyu grass pasture

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-497
Author(s):  
Diana Marcela Valencia E ◽  
Luis Alfonso Giraldo ◽  
Alejandra Marin ◽  
Yury Tatiana Granja Salcedo ◽  
Telma Teresinha Berchielli
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Crude Glycerol ◽  
Milk Quality ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Kikuyu Grass

scholarly journals Predicting Daily Dry Matter Intake Using Feed Intake of First Two Hours after Feeding in Mid and Late Lactation Dairy Cows with Fed Ration Three Times Per Day

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Shulin Liang ◽  
Chaoqun Wu ◽  
Wenchao Peng ◽  
Jian-Xin Liu ◽  
Hui-Zeng Sun
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Validation Dataset ◽  
Nutrient Requirements ◽  
Independent Dataset ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Proposed Model

The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using the dry matter intake of first 2 h after feeding (DMI-2h), body weight (BW), and milk yield to estimate daily DMI in mid and late lactating dairy cows with fed ration three times per day. Our dataset included 2840 individual observations from 76 cows enrolled in two studies, of which 2259 observations served as development dataset (DDS) from 54 cows and 581 observations acted as the validation dataset (VDS) from 22 cows. The descriptive statistics of these variables were 26.0 ± 2.77 kg/day (mean ± standard deviation) of DMI, 14.9 ± 3.68 kg/day of DMI-2h, 35.0 ± 5.48 kg/day of milk yield, and 636 ± 82.6 kg/day of BW in DDS and 23.2 ± 4.72 kg/day of DMI, 12.6 ± 4.08 kg/day of DMI-2h, 30.4 ± 5.85 kg/day of milk yield, and 597 ± 63.7 kg/day of BW in VDS, respectively. A multiple regression analysis was conducted using the REG procedure of SAS to develop the forecasting models for DMI. The proposed prediction equation was: DMI (kg/day) = 8.499 + 0.2725 × DMI-2h (kg/day) + 0.2132 × Milk yield (kg/day) + 0.0095 × BW (kg/day) (R2 = 0.46, mean bias = 0 kg/day, RMSPE = 1.26 kg/day). Moreover, when compared with the prediction equation for DMI in Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle (2001) using the independent dataset (VDS), our proposed model shows higher R2 (0.22 vs. 0.07) and smaller mean bias (−0.10 vs. 1.52 kg/day) and RMSPE (1.77 vs. 2.34 kg/day). Overall, we constructed a feasible forecasting model with better precision and accuracy in predicting daily DMI of dairy cows in mid and late lactation when fed ration three times per day.

scholarly journals Milk yield and composition, feed intake and stocking rate of crossbread cows in tropical grasses managed in a rotational grazing system

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1548-1557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson Massaru Fukumoto ◽  
Julio Cesar Damasceno ◽  
Fermino Deresz ◽  
Carlos Eugênio Martins ◽  
Antônio Carlos Cóser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Rotational Grazing ◽  
Grazing System

The objective of this study was to evaluate milk yield and composition, dry matter intake, and stocking rate in pastures with tanzania grass (Panicum maximum cv. Tanzânia), star grass (Cynodon nlemfuensis cv. Estrela-Africana), and marandu grass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu). The grasses were managed in a rotational grazing system with Holstein x Zebu crossbreed cows, with a 30-day resting period and three days of paddock occupation. The pastures were fertilized with 1,000 kg/ha/year using the 20:05:20 (NPK) formula, split in three applications during the rainy season. It was used a complete random block experimental design with three factors being studied and two replications. In the experiment, four cows/paddock were used and, when it was necessary, regulator animals were added in order to obtain a supply of 7% body weight green forage dry matter. The animals were individually fed concentrate at 2 kg/day during the experimental period. Milk yield did not differ among the three grasses, with values of 9.1; 9.1; and 8.7 kg/cow/day for pastures with tanzania grass, star grass and marandu grass, respectively. Similarly, grass did not affect milk chemical composition. Stocking rate was similar among the three grasses, with values of 4.6; 4.5 and 5.0 UA/ha for tanzania grass, star grass and marandu grass, respectively. The highest dry matter intake was observed for tanzania grass with 2.6% of the body weight while stargrass (2.3%) and marandu grass (2.4%) did not differ among each other. The highest dry matter intake on tanzania grass pasture was not reflected on milk yield per animal. Milk yield and composition and stocking rate are similar among the evaluated grasses.

scholarly journals GRAZING MANAGEMENT IN SPRING AND SUBSEQUENT DAIRY COW PERFORMANCE

1988 ◽  
pp. 7-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J. Hoogendoorn ◽  
C.W. Holmes ◽  
A.C.P. Chu
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Grazing Intensity ◽  
Research Unit ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Experimental Feeding ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Cow Performance

Two levels of grazing intensity were unposed on pasture during a spring-time pre-treatment period in two years at Massey University's Dary Cattle Research Unit. The two grazing intensws were lax (L), 2000-2500 kg DMlha residual herbage mass (RHM) and intense (I) 1000-1500 kg DM/ha RHM imposed for 2 grazing rotations. During this period, net herbage accumulation (NHA) on the L swards was approximately twice that on I wards. However, by early summer, NHA was greater on the I than L swards. Subsequently, during the experimental feeding period in early summer, herbage on the I swards contained lower percentages of reproductive tillers, grass stem, and senescent matter, and was of higher digestibllity than herbage on the L wards. Durmg the feedlng period, cows grazing the I wards had greater yields of milk and milk fat than cows on the L wards when offered both generous and restricted daily herbage dry matter allowances. The effect of ward type on dry matter intake (DMI) was dependent on dry matter allowance. However, when a common allowance of leaf was offered, DMI, milk and milk fat yield were not significantly affected by sward type on offer. The results emphasise the importance of maintaining green, leafy swards into late spring and summer in order to maximise milk yield per cow at this time. This was achieved by maintaining a RHM of no more than 1500 kg DMlha throughout spring by imposing sufficiently high stocking rates. Keywords: residual herbage mass, ward characteristics, dry matter allowance, leaf allowance, dry matter intake, milk yield.

scholarly journals Effect of Ruminally-protected leucine supplement on milk yield and plasma amino acids in dairy cows

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 351 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. KRÍZOVÁ ◽  
J. TRINÁCTÝ ◽  
M. RICHTER
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Plasma Amino Acids ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Milk Protein Content ◽  
Ad Libitum

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of leucine supplement in the form of rumen-protected tablets on milk yield and composition and plasma amino acids in four high-yielding lactating Holstein cows. The experiment was carried out as a cross-over procedure and was divided into 4 periods of 14 d (10 d preliminary period and 4 d experimental period). Cows were fed ad libitum a diet based on maize silage, lucerne hay and a supplemental mixture. The diet, defficient in methionine, lysine, and leucine, was supplemented with methionine+lysine (Control) or methionine+lysine+leucine (Leu) in rumen protected form. The dry matter intake, milk yield and milk yield expressed in energy corrected milk did not differ significantly between the treatments. Milk protein content and yield did not show statistically significant variation. The contents and yield of casein, fat, lactose and urea were unaffected by the treatment. Blood metabolites did not vary between the treatments. The introduction of Leu resulted in higher plasma levels of proline (p

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemberian Ransum dengan Kualitas Berbeda Terhadap Profil Darah, Produksi Susu dan Pertambahan Bobot Badan Sapi Perah

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aqni Hanifa
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Hb Concentration

<div class="Section1"><p class="Style1"><em>An experiment was conducted to study blood profile, milk yield and </em><em>liveweight gain of dairy cows as affected by dietary different quality of diets. The </em><em>experiment used </em><em>15 </em><em>lactating PFH were assigned into three treatments of diets and</em></p></div><em><br clear="all" /> </em><p class="Style1"><em> </em><em>five replication, three treatments of diets were </em><em>: </em><em>1) T1 (CP </em><em>12% dan TDN 65%); 2) T2 (CP 14% dan TDN 70%) dan 3) T3 (CP 16% dan TDN 75%).</em></p><p class="Style1"><em>The results of this experiment showed that the average of dry matter (DM) intake on Tl, T2 and T3 treatments were </em><em>8,59; </em><em>10,03 and </em><em>10,94 </em><em>kg/d, respectively </em><em>(P&lt;0,01). The average of crude protein intake (CP) on T1, </em><em>T2 and T3 treatments were 1,06; 1,44 and 1,71 kg/d (P&lt;0,01), also the average of TDN intake on T1, T2 and T3 treatments were 5,52; 6,86 and 8,02 kg/d (P&lt;0,01). The average of Hemoglobin (Hb) concentration on T1, T2 and T3 treatments were 10,21: 11,18 and 10,44 g/dl (P&gt;0,05), also the average of eritrosit value on TI, T2 and T3 treatments were 3,37; 3,73 and 3,48 million/mm<sup>3;</sup>, respectively (P&gt;0,05). The average of milk yield on T1, T2 and T3 treatments were 8,12; 11,29 and 13,42 l/d (P&lt;0,05). The average of liveweight gain on TI, T2 and T3 treatments were 81,66; 117,71 and 320,00 g/d (P&gt;0,05). </em></p><p class="Style1"><em>The conclusions of this research was the highest level of CP and </em><em>"1'DN </em><em>in </em><em>diets (CP 16% and </em><em>TDN 75%) showed that feed intake (DM, CP and TDN) and milk yield gave the best than other treatments. Different dietary quality of diets altered significant on feed intake (DM, CP and TDN) and milk yield, but the treatments did not affect on liveweight gain, Fib and eritrosit concentration.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><em>Key words :     diets quality, feed intake, blood profile, milk yield, liveweight gain, dairy cows</em>

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