The influence of the stage of lactation and the breed of the cow on the yield and quality of the milk

1927 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Drakeley ◽  
Margaret K. White
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Principal Factors ◽  
Quality Of Milk

The principal factors influencing the yield and quality of milk are (1) stage of the lactation period, (2) breed of the cow, (3) interval between milkings, (4) age of the cow, (5) individuality of the cow, (6) efficiency of the milker, (7) temperature and weather conditions, (8) health of the cow, (9) feeding.

scholarly journals The influence of THI values at different periods of lactation on milk quality and characteristics of lactation curve

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Cincovic ◽  
Branislava Belic ◽  
Bojan Toholj ◽  
Ivan Radovic ◽  
Bojana Vidovic
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Lactation Curve ◽  
Quality Of Milk

The experiment included 90 cows. Cows were chosen according to the time of calving, so that the first third of lactation occurred during the summer in 30 cows (G1), the second third of lactation occurred during the summer in 30 cows (G2), and in the last 30 cows the last third of lactation was in summer period (G3). The value of THI was between 72 and 82, which indicates the existence of the moderate intensity of heat stress. Heat stress does not damage the milk yield, milk fat and protein percentage on the level of the whole lactation, regardless of the lactation period in which the cows were exposed to stress. There was no correlation between THI and milk yield and quality at the level of the whole lactation. Heat stress did not show a significant effect on the parameters of lactation curve, except the peak of yield, which occurred later in cows exposed to heat stress. Increased value of THI showed nonsignificant effect on yield and quality of milk in the first third of lactation. In the middle and at the end of lactation THI was in a significant negative correlation with the yield and quality of milk. Our study showed a significantly lower heat-induced milk yield, milk fat and protein percent in the middle and at the end of lactation.

The influence of the age of the cow on the yield and quality of the milk

1927 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 420-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret K. White ◽  
T. J. Drakeley
Keyword(s):  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Similar Investigation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Yield And Quality

In a former communication (1) a study has been made of the influence of the stage of lactation on the yield and quality of the milk, and in the following paper a similar investigation has been made of the influence of the age of the cow on the same factors.Mackintosh (2) finds a gradual increase in yield up to the 4th or 5th lactation period, and a decrease after the 7th or 8th; thus a heifer calving at 2¾ to 3 years gives 60–70 per cent. of the amount it will produce as a mature cow; after the second calf it gives 80 per cent. and after the third 90 per cent. Tocher's results (3) show an increase from 85 per cent, of the maximum yield at 3 years to a maximum at 7½ years, and a subsequent fall to 90 per cent. at 12 years of age.

scholarly journals Analysis of the local resource-based dairy cattle development in Central Java

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
M. Mukson ◽  
H. Setiyawan ◽  
M. Handayani ◽  
A. Setiadi
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Location Quotient ◽  
Local Resource ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Local Resources ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Quality Of Milk

The objectives of this research wereto analyze the local resource-based development of dairy cattle in orderto improve the production and quality of milk in Central Java. The research wascarried out by survey method. The research locations (Boyolali and Semarang) were chosen using purposive sampling method.In each regency was determined 2 sub district locations in which having the largest dairy cow population and 3 Dairy Cattle Farmer Associations (DCFA) in every sub district.Dairy farmers were sampled randomly, 10 farmers in every DCFA. Therefore, there were 120 dairy cattle farmers for sample. Data wereanalyzed using descriptive methods, location quotient (LQ) analysis and multiple linear regression statistical model. The dependent variables were yield and quality of milk (Y1,2) and the independent variables were human resources (x1), environmental resources (x2), capital resources (x3), entrepreneurship resources (x4), technology resources (x5), institution resources (x6) and infrastructure resources (x7). The LQ analysis showed that dairy cattle population, availability of forage and agricultural waste, and absorption of labour were very potential (LQ>1). Local resources significantly affected (P<0.01) the production and quality of dairy cattle milk. These results suggest that the development of dairy cattle business needs to consider the potential of local resources in order to improve the production and quality of milk.

Effect of milk chemical composition and clotting characteristics on chemical and sensory properties of Reblochon de Savoie cheese

1997 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRUNO MARTIN ◽  
JEAN-FRANÇOIS CHAMBA ◽  
JEAN-BAPTISTE COULON ◽  
ERIC PERREARD
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Sensory Properties ◽  
Seasonal Differences ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Milk Coagulation ◽  
Quality Of Milk ◽  
Milk Characteristics

Success in making a cheese acceptable in both flavour and texture depends partly on curd properties which determine the retention of fat and moisture and, thus, cheese yield and composition (Green & Grandison, 1993). When considering farmhouse and/or Appelation d'Origine Contrôlée cheese where milk treatments are not allowed, curd properties depend only on milk composition and clotting characteristics, which are subject to wide fluctuations over the year owing to the cow's stage of lactation and nutritional factors (O'Keeffe, 1984; Macheboeuf et al. 1993). These variations often result in seasonal differences in the chemical or sensory properties of the cheese (Kefford et al. 1995) which are sometimes difficult to understand (Grandison et al. 1985). Only a few studies have assessed the cheesemaking quality of milk by actually making ripened cheese; most studies report milk coagulation properties and curd firmness.The object of this work was to study the influence of the chemical composition and clotting characteristics of the milk on the chemical and sensory properties of ripened cheeses when milk characteristics vary widely.

Effect of pre-utilisation and harvest time on the quantity and quality of fodder on extensive pastures

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bajnok ◽  
L. Szemán ◽  
J. Tasi
Keyword(s):  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Energy Concentration ◽  
List Type ◽  
Regeneration Period ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
June July

No significant studies have yet been reported in Central Europe on the yield and quality of winter harvest pastures. The aim of the research was to collect information about the effect of pre-utilisation (June, July and August) and winter harvest date (November, December, January) on the quantity and quality of fodder from Festuca arundinacea stands. The dry matter, energy, ADF, ADL and ergosterol contents of the yield were examined and it was found that: 1. A shorter regeneration period between harvests resulted in lower dry matter levels, but also in a higher energy concentration and lower ergosterol concentration. 2. The yield and energy concentrations decreased, whereas the ADF, ADL and ergosterol concentrations increased as the winter progressed. 3. Fodder harvested in November produced the best results in terms of yield quantity and quality. The highest yield and energy values were thus achieved by harvesting in November, regardless of pre-utilisation. Despite the cold and the long period of snow cover, the energy values of samples harvested in December and January showed no significant decrease. The weather conditions were more important for fodder quantity and quality than the frequency or date of harvesting. Thus, under the continental climatic conditions in Hungary, extensive utilisation, until late November or early December, is recommended.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF DEFOLIATION ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF ‘PRATA COMUM’ BANANA FRUITS

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIANA DOMINGUES LIMA ◽  
JÉSSICA ANDRADE FLORENCIO ◽  
WILSON DA SILVA MORAES ◽  
SILVIA HELENA MODENESE GORLA DA SILVA ◽  
EDUARDO NARDINI GOMES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Control ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Black Sigatoka ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Banana Crops

ABSTRACT With the advent of black sigatoka in commercial banana crops in the “Vale do Ribeira” region, state of São Paulo, the monitoring the severity and chemical control of the disease in susceptible varieties have become more frequent in order to avoid leaf loss. This study simulated the effect of defoliation caused by the disease on the yield and quality of ‘Prata Comum’ banana fruits, depending on the formation period and fruit position in the bunch. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2 x11 factorial scheme (period of bunch formation x number of leaves at flowering), 6-16 leaves at flowering in two periods of bunch formation with six replicates. In Period 1, flowering occurred at 04/15/13 and in Period 2 at 01/07/14, although in Period 1, bunch mass was higher and in Period 2, higher average maximum and minimum daily temperatures, precipitation and radiation were observed. Regardless of formation period, the number of leaves at flowering affected bunch mass, which ranged from 18 to 23 kg plant-1. Defoliation affected the size of fruits of hand 1 and last hand of the bunch, but not the variability in fruit size due to the position the fruit occupies in the bunch and physicochemical characteristics.

scholarly journals Influence of various factors on crop formation and potato quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 207 (04) ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
Lidiya Petrova ◽  
Yuriy Mitrofanov ◽  
Maksim Gulyaev ◽  
Natal'ya Pervushina
Keyword(s):  
Total Porosity ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Experimental Plot ◽  
Factor B ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Cultivated Potatoes ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

Abstract. The purpose of the research was to study the effect of fertilizer rates depending on drainage and weather conditions on the yield and quality of potatoes, their payback with an increase in yield. Methodology and methods of research. The studies were conducted in a two-factor field experiment in 2012–2020, factor A – drainage (drained by closed potter drainage and non-drained soil), factor B – various fertilizer rates (without fertilizers; multi-purpose compost (KMN) 10 t/ha + K90; KMN 10 t/ha + N70K180). The soil of experimental plot of sod-podzolic light loamy are predominant, well-cultivated. Potatoes were cultivated according to the ridge technology developed at VNIIMZ, the predecessor of winter grain crops. According to weather conditions, the years of research are divided into excessively humid, humid and arid. Analyses and observations were carried out according to the generally accepted methods of experimental work, calculations using statistical analysis. Results. The tendencies of changes in the indicators of the water-air regime of the arable layer of soil (moisture, total porosity, porosity of aeration, bulk density) depending on drainage and weather conditions were revealed. The influence of fertilizer rates on drained and non-drained areas, depending on weather conditions, on the content of mineral nitrogen in the soil, yield and its structure, the quality of potato production (content of nitrates, starch in tubers), the use of photosynthetically active solar radiation, payback of fertilizers by an increase in yield has been established. The share of the influence of fertilizers and drainage on the variability of the yield in different weather conditions has been determined. Scientific novelty. The share of the participation of the studied factors in the variability of the potato yield and the rational rates of the use of fertilizers, depending on soil and weather conditions, have been established.

scholarly journals The relationship of agroclimatic factors and the yield of potato varieties in the conditions of the near Moscow region

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (44) ◽  
pp. 21-21
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In 2005-2015. studied the effect of liquid organic fertilizer BIOOD-1 as foliar feeding on the yield and quality of various potato varieties in changing meteorological conditions. According to the results of the experiments, it was established that the most stable yields under various weather conditions were shown by the potatoes of the mid-season variety Bryansk delicacy. The low starch content of varieties Nevsky, Udacha was noted in years of high humidity, but with a lack of moisture, the starch content of these varieties increased in the background variant and in the experiment with organic fertilization. Keywords: CLIMATIC CONDITIONS, HYDROTHERMAL COEFFICIENT, MEAN SENIOR PRECIPITATION, POTATO, YIELD, STARCH, HUMIC FERTILIZERS

scholarly journals Simulation of defoliation caused by Black Sigatoka in the yield and quality of banana 'Nanica ' fruits

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Domingues Lima ◽  
Jessica Andrade Florencio ◽  
Wilson da Silva Moraes ◽  
Silvia Helena Modenese Gorla da Silva ◽  
Danilo Eduardo Rozane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Black Sigatoka ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Mass Accumulation

ABSTRACT: Defoliation caused by Black Sigatoka in yield and quality of banana 'Nanica' was stimulated in this study. A completely randomized 2x8 factorial design with six repetitions was used, in which period of bunch formation and number of leaves at flowering were established as factors. Plants for defoliation were selected on 04/05/2013 (Period 1), and on 07/01/2014 (Period 2). Six to to 13 leaves remained per plant by removing those with more than 50% of blade with injury or senescence. More appropriate climatic conditions before and after flowering, promoted greater mass accumulation in the bunch in Period 2. The increased number of leaves at flowering increased the length of the fruit and the mass of 4th hand, as well as the bunch mass and postharvest period. Defoliation is suggested only for non-functional leaves as well as the maintenance of at least 10 leaves per plant, independent of the period of bunch formation.

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