Evaluation of protein quality of poultry feedingstuffs. 2. Fish meal

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Zombade ◽  
G. N. Lodhi ◽  
J. S. Ichhponani
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Lysine Content ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Available Lysine ◽  
True Protein

SummaryThe present study was made to evaluate the protein quality of 11 samples of fish meal (FM) covering a wide range of nutrient content to find a suitable laboratory method for predicting nutritive quality. The nutrient content of the samples ranged from 34 to 62% in crude protein, 28 to 48% in true protein and 0·99 to 2·87% in available lysine. The true protein content of FM was further partitioned into myogen, myosin and stroma proteins. The stroma protein accounted for 61% of total crude protein suggesting that a large portion of FM comprised scales, viscera, cartilage, bones and other inedible parts of fish (head, tail, etc.). Neither true protein nor its different fractions was found suitable to detect differences in protein quality of FM although there was an inverse relationship between stroma protein and nitrogen solubility.Available lysine content and relative nutritive value (RNV) were found accurate and reliable laboratory tests for assessing the protein quality of FM. The linear equations to predict gross protein value (GPV) from available lysine content and RNV areGPV = 11·2×% available lysine+34·5;GPV = 0·55×RNV+51.The correlation coefficients between biologically assayed and predicted GPV from available lysine and RNV were 0·71 and 0·62, respectively. The findings suggest that the screening of FM samples for their nutrient content is essential before compounding diets for different categories of chickens.

VARIABILITY IN THE NUTRITIVE VALUE OF FISH MEALS FOR GROWING CHICKENS

1957 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. MacIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Chick Growth ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Growth Method ◽  
Growth Promoting

Studies were made of the variation in quality of commercial fish meals produced in the Atlantic Provinces of Canada. A chick growth method was used for estimating the protein quality of the fish meals. Forty different samples of fish meal were tested. Results indicate that there is considerable variation in the growth-promoting qualities of commercial fish meals. This variation in growth appears to be due to variation in the protein quality of the fish meals.

Evaluation of protein quality of poultry feedingstuffs. 3. Expeller-processed oilseed cakes

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-123
Author(s):  
S. S. Zombade ◽  
G. N. Lodhi ◽  
J. S. Ichhponani
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Nitrogen Solubility ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
True Protein

SummaryA study was made to evaluate the protein quality of groundnut cake (GN), mustard cake (MS) and cottonseed cake (CS) and to find a suitable laboratory test for predicting the protein quality of these cakes for chicks. Different oilseed cakes varied considerably in their crude protein, true protein and crude fibre content. The nitrogen solubility was higher in GN (87·7%) followed by MS (78·7%) and CS (60·9%). A similar trend was evident with regard to in vitro protein digestibility. The GN protein was, however, lower in available lysine (2·54%) than MS (3·97%) or CS (3·19%). The albumin, globulin, prolamin and glutelin fractions accounted for 74·1, 57·0 and 48·0% in GN, MS and CS, respectively. The nitrogen solubility, globulin content and modified relative nutritive value (RNV) correlated (P < 0·05) with gross protein value (GPV). The accuracy and precision of various regression equations for predicting the quality of protein in GN, MS and CS are discussed.

scholarly journals Effect of nitrogen fertilization on the protein quality of timothy grass and silage

1984 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-198
Author(s):  
Liisa Syrjälä-Qvist ◽  
Eeva Pekkarinen ◽  
Jouko Setälä
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Total N ◽  
Timothy Grass ◽  
True Protein ◽  
Fertilization Level

Timothy grass given N fertilizer at the rates of 40, 80 and 120 kg N/ha was preserved in 3 glass-fibre silos of 0.4 m3. The crude protein content of DM in the grass increased with the increase of N fertilization as follows: N40 14.8 %, N80 18.4 % and N120 22.1 %, but the proportion of true protein in crude protein decreased: N40 82 %, N80 78 % and N120 76 %. The proportion of watersoluble N in the total N in the grass was: N40 27 %, N80 30 % and N120 33 %. The higher was the N fertilization level, the more rapidly was the protein of the grass degraded in the rumen. The amino acid profile of the protein was similar at all the N fertilization levels. The quality of all the silages was good. The NH3-N fraction of total N was 2.8—3.9 % and the proportion of water-soluble N in total N was 51—55 %, In silage the decrease during ensiling in the proportion of true protein in crude protein and the increase in the proportion of water-soluble N in total N were smaller than in the other silages. The rumen degradability of protein during the first two hours was also lowest in this silage.

The nutritive value of sugar beet pulp treated with Neurospora Sitophila

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 151-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Rouzbehan ◽  
S. A. Shojaosadati
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Sugar Beet Pulp ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Ruminant Animals

In Iran, the availability of the protein supplements resources for ruminant animals is low. Therefore, protein enrichment of fibrous substrates such as sugar beet pulp (SBP) could make this by-product to be used as a protein supplement for livestock. Several workers have studied the effect of different fungi on the concentration of crude protein in the SBP (Lena and Quaglia, 1992; Shojaosadati et al, 1999). However, very little information is available in the literature regarding the effect of Neurospora Sitophila (NS) fungi on the nutrients digestibility as well as the protein quality of SBP for ruminants. Therefore, this experiment was carried out to study the changes in the chemical composition, the digestibility of dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) and the protein degradability of SBP treated with NS.

Herring silage as a protein supplement for young cattle

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 1187-1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. G. Nicholson ◽  
D. A. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Potassium Sorbate ◽  
Protein Supplement ◽  
Young Cattle ◽  
True Protein

Fish silage made by grinding herring and adding formic acid, β-hydroxytoluene and potassium sorbate was evaluated as a protein supplement for young cattle. Only about 15% of the crude protein in the herring silage was true protein. Ammonia N accounted for 8% of the crude protein and most of the rest was peptides and free amino acids. The crude protein of herring silage was as resistant as fish meal to deamination when fermented in rumen fluid, and more resistant than soybean or casein. The herring silage was readily accepted by Holstein heifers fed hay or grass–legume silage with potatoes (7 kg d−1) and a supplement (1.5 kg d−1). Feed intake and weight gain were similar when the heifers were fed hay with either soybean meal or herring silage but were higher when forage silage replaced the hay. Rumen fluid NH3-N and blood urea levels were normal, even for cattle fed the high non-protein N diet of forage silage with herring silage. The herring silage depressed rumen fluid acetate levels and increased propionate in the heifers fed hay + potatoes, probably because of the unsaturated fatty acids in the herring. Well-made herring silage was a suitable protein supplement for young cattle fed forage and potato diets. Key words: Herring silage, fish silage, potatoes, cattle, protein degradation

Evaluation of nutritive value of white mulberry (Morus alba) fruits waste

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 191-191
Author(s):  
A Mahdavi ◽  
S A Hosseini ◽  
M Mohiti Asl ◽  
H Lotfolahiya ◽  
A Aghashahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
White Mulberry ◽  
Mulberry Fruits

The mulberry belongs to the genus Morus of the family Moraceae. Mulberry is found from temperate to subtropical regions and they can grow in a wide range of climatic, topographical and soil conditions. In most countries, including Turkey, Greece and Iran, mulberries are grown for fruit production rather than foliage (Ercisli, 2004; Mulberry fruits can be used as a worming agent, as a remedy for dysentery, and as a laxative, odontalgic, anathematic, expectorant, hypoglycaemic and emetic (Baytop, 1996). Phonemics possess a wide spectrum of biochemical activities such as antioxidant, ant mutagenic and anticarcinogenic properties, as well as the ability to modify gene expression (Nakamura, et al., 2003; Mulberry fruit contains essential fatty acids that humans cannot synthesise, and must be obtained through diet. One of the most important points about mulberry fruits is its sensitive to environmental condition in harvesting time and the methods of harvesting that is not suitable. Because of this mentioned problem, mulberry fruits have a lot of waste. In animal feed industry, agricultural by-products were used in animal and poultry nutrition. One of the greatest challenges to a nutritionist is to formulate diets that adequately meet the nutrient requirements of the animal without having to provide excessive quantities of the expensive nutrients. In order to formulate the diets economically, it is essential that nutrient content of candidate ingredients analyzed as detail as possible. There was no information about mulberry fruits wastes nutritive value.

scholarly journals Chemical characteristics, aerobic stability, and microbiological counts in corn silage re-ensiled with bacterial inoculant

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 1045-1052
Author(s):  
Mateus Merlo Coelho ◽  
Lúcio Carlos Gonçalves ◽  
José Avelino Santos Rodrigues ◽  
Kelly Moura Keller ◽  
Gustavo Vinícius de Souza dos Anjos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Whole Plant

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of re-ensiling and bacterial inoculation on the quality of corn silage. The experiment was carried out in a 2x2 factorial design with or without inoculant (association of Lactobacillus plantarum and Propionibacterium acidipropionici), and with re-ensiling after 36 hours of aerobic exposure or only ensiling of the whole plant of 'BRS 1055' corn. The fermentative quality, nutritional parameters, dry matter losses, aerobic stability, and microbiological counts of silages were evaluated. Re-ensiling caused an increase of pH and in acetic acid and propionic acid concentrations, as well as in the dry matter (DM), crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and neutral detergent fiber crude protein contents. Conversely, there was a reduction in the nonfiber carbohydrates concentration and in in vitro dry matter digestibility for the re-ensiled material. All changes were explained by the higher-effluent production and DM loss of re-ensiled material that was subjected to two compactions. Microbiology was not altered by the treatments. The use of inoculant altered ash content, but it did not influence other parameters. In contrast, re-ensiling after 36 hours of aerobic exposure caused a reduction in the nutritive value of corn silage and accentuated the DM losses.

scholarly journals The nutritional value and quality of squid (Illex illecebrosus) meal as source of dietary protein for broiler chicken

1979 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. W. Hulan ◽  
F. G. Proudfoot ◽  
C. G. Zarkadas
Keyword(s):  
Fish Meal ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Fish Meat ◽  
Amino Acid Profiles

1. Squid meal (SqM), produced by grinding and drying the whole squid (Illex illecebrosus) common to the northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean, contained 645 g protein/kg and appeared limiting with respect to lysine, methionine and cystine.2. Although a comparison of the essential amino acid profiles of SqM with other protein concentrates indicated that SqM was higher than fish meal andsoya-beanmeal but lower than casein or whole-egg protein, these tests could not accurately predict protein quality.3. A new approach is reported for evaluating protein quality of SqM. It was based on the direct chromato-graphic determination of its collagen content, from the amounts of 5-hydroxylysine or 5-hydroxyproline present, and elastin, from the amounts of desmosine or iso-desmosine present. This method can alsobe routinely used to assess the connective tissue content and protein quality of animal protein supplements such as fish, meat-and-bone meals.4. A nutritional evaluation of SqM as a source of protein for poultry was carried out using 320 male and 320 female Cobb chicks fed from I-d-old to 48 d, a control diet containing 50 g/kg fish meal or test diets containing 50 g, 100 g or 150 g SqM/kg.5. Feeding of SqM at a rate of up to IOO g/kg diet resulted in optimum biological response and monetary returns.

Studies on the nutritive value of some common Egyptian feedingstuffs. I. Nitrogen retention and ruminal ammonia curves

1958 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. El-Shazly
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Critical Level ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Trifolium Alexandrinum ◽  
Cottonseed Cake ◽  
Meat Meal ◽  
Nitrogen Intake

1. Ten successive trials with two Rahmany adult ewes were carried out with the aim of comparing the nutritive values of the nitrogenous constituents of some concentrates used in Egypt as supplements in summer rations (decorticated cottonseed cake, linseed-oil meal and beans (Vicia faba)) and of animal proteins (meat meal, fish meal and casein) and of barseem (Trifolium alexandrinum). Wheat straw was employed as the main roughage in the ration. Nitrogen intake for all supplements was 10·16 g./day.2. Apparent digestion coefficients for crude protein were estimated. Casein had the highest digestibility coefficient while meat meal was the least digestible.3. Nitrogen retention and ruminal ammonia curves are given for each period. Only three proteins, namely, barseem, cottonseed cake and linseed meal gave positive nitrogen balance at the critical level of nitrogen intake used throughout the trials. Fish meal improved nitrogen retention significantly. Meat meal and beans did not improve nitrogen retention. The addition of 70 g. starch to beans improved nitrogen retention significantly.

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