Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers for wheat and barley in a semi-arid region

1979 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 711-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. D. Krentos ◽  
P. I. Orphanos
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
The Other ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizers ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

SUMMARYNineteen NP experiments were carried out with wheat and barley mostly in the Mesaoria plain of Cyprus over the period 1968–78. The fields were fallowed over the season preceding the experiments. Rainfall ranged from 68 to 405 mm. Kyperounda, a tall durum wheat, Pitic 62, a semi-dwarf aestivum wheat, and Athenais barley were the test varieties. No yield was obtained when rainfall was below 100 mm. Athenais barley consistently outyielded the wheat varieties, particularly Kyperounda, by up to 200% presumably because of earlier heading, which helpedthe crop to escape drought to a certain extent.Kyperounda wheat and Athenais barley mostly responded to 35 kg N/ha but Pitic 62 benefited from up to 70 kg N/ha. Fertilizer N not taken up in a year of extremely low rainfall remained in the soil and was available to the following crop.Response to P was more marked when rainfall was below 250 mm being linear over the rates tested (highest rate 26 kg P/ha). Athenais barley responded to P more than the other varieties. Bicarbonate-soluble soil P was between 1 and 10 mg/kg.Since rainfall is unpredictable it is recommended that 20–40 kg N/ha be applied atseeding together with 13–26 kg P/ha. A similar amount of N should be top dressed in late January. The higher amount refers to the semi-dwarf Pitic 62 wheat and could be increased further if the December-January rainfall, which normally constitutes 40% of the total, is high. These rates refer to crops grown after fallow. For continuous growing the rates would probably have to be increased.

scholarly journals A Research on the Fruitfulness of the Reddish-Yellow Acrisol in Serra da Meruoca, Ceará, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Marcos Venicios Ribeiro Mendes ◽  
Simone Ferreira Diniz ◽  
Cleire Lima da Costa Falcão ◽  
José Falcão Sobrinho ◽  
Francisca Edineide Lima Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
The Other ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Humid Area ◽  
Exchangeable Aluminum ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Agriculture, to be successful, needs soil to have a potential nutrient composition that is relevant to plants. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the conditions for farming through soil analysis. Thus, this manuscript makes it possible to analyze the fruitfulness of two samples of the reddish-yellow acrisol—one with vegetation and the other without it—from Serra da Meruoca, a humid area in the semi-arid region of Ceará. Concerning the material and method, the stages were literature review, researches on cartographic bases, fieldwork, and data collection and their analysis in the laboratory. The results show that the area of acrisol with vegetation favors the practice of agriculture, a fact observed because of carbon (C), which is indicative of soil with intense cultivation, as well as calcium (Ca), which appeared in a significant level, typical of arable land. In the second sample, the acrisol without vegetation, the parameters that impose restrictions on agriculture are the pH, which contains exchangeable aluminum, indicative of high acidity that leads to a leaching process. Also, the aluminum (Al) at a low level reflected the need for dolomitic quicklime, for the amendment of a deficient soil. Therefore, studies on its fruitfulness are essential for farmers to reap the rewards according to the results obtained and analyzed.

Nitrogen and phosphorus effects on water use efficiency of spring wheat grown in a semi-arid region of the Canadian prairies

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 573-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kröbel ◽  
C. A. Campbell ◽  
R. P. Zentner ◽  
R. Lemke ◽  
H. Steppuhn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Kröbel, R., Campbell, C. A., Zentner, R. P., Lemke, R., Steppuhn, H., Desjardins, R. L. and De Jong, R. 2012. Nitrogen and phosphorus effects on water use efficiency of spring wheat grown in a semi-arid region of the Canadian prairies. Can. J. Soil Sci. 92: 573–587. Water use efficiency (WUE) has often been analyzed for semiarid environments, but fallow-containing cropping systems were assessed inappropriately. Further, these short-term studies are unlikely to correctly assess weather variability impacts in such environments. We assessed the impact of fertilizer N and P on water use efficiency (WUE) and precipitation use efficiency (PUE) of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from a 39-yr long-term crop rotation study in semi-arid southwestern Saskatchewan. In the rotation experiment, continuous wheat (Cont W) with N+P or P fertilizer only, and fallow-wheat-wheat (F-W-W) with N+P, P only, or N only were studied. We calculated WUE using: (i) Yield (Y)/[water use (WU)/potential water use (PET)]; (ii) Y/WU; (iii) Y/WU with a fallow phase element added; and (iv) Y/harvest-to-harvest precipitation (PUE). The WUEs in the rotation experiment were generally greater for treatments with N+P fertilizer, and greatest after an increase of N application coupled with favourable soil water conditions in the final decades of this study. In cases (i) and (ii), WUE for F-W-W was greater than for the Cont W-treatment. In case (iii), the WUEs were 5.7, 4.5, 3.9, 3.6, and 3.6 kg ha−1 mm−1 water for Cont W (N+P), Cont W (P), F-W-W (N+P), F-W-W (P), and F-W-W (N), respectively. For PUE [case (iv)] the values were 4.0, 3.1, 3.4, 3.0, and 2.9, respectively. We concluded that case (ii) was most appropriate for continuous cropping and case (iii) for systems including fallow, while case (iv) was usable in general.

scholarly journals Morphophysiology of Eggplant Irrigated With Wastewater and Nitrogen and Phosphorus Doses in the Semi-arid Region of Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 470
Author(s):  
Aldair de Souza Medeiros ◽  
Reginaldo Gomes Nobre ◽  
Manoel Moisés Ferreira de Queiroz ◽  
Mariana de Oliveira Pereira ◽  
Thiago Cândido dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Water is a scarce resource in semi-arid regions, therefore, the correct water management is an essential practice. In this research we evaluated the use of nitrogen, phosphorus and treated wastewater on the growth and morphophysiology of eggplants (Solanum melongena L.) in the semi-arid region of Brazil. The experiment was conducted in Pombal, Paraíba, Brazil, using a randomized block design, in a 4 × 4 + 1 factorial scheme: wastewater with four nitrogen doses (N1 = 0.22; N2 = 0.39; N3 = 0.56; and N4 = 0.73 g N dm-3) and four doses of phosphorus (P1 = 0.96; P2 = 1.68; P3 = 2.40; and P4 = 3.12 g P dm-3), and the controls – distilled water fertilized with 0.56 g of N dm-3 and distilled water fertilized with 2.40 g of P dm-3. Each treatment was replicated 4 times. The nitrogen and phosphorous interaction did not influence the growth and physiological aspects of eggplant plants. Excess growing media nitrogen significantly decreased gaseous exchanges of eggplant plants, being found decreased of 4.4 μmol m-2 s-1 the CO2 assimilation.

scholarly journals Neonatal mortality associated with sodium monofluoracetate in kids fed with colostrum from goats ingesting Amorimia septentrionalis

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
José R.G. Lopes ◽  
José A.S. Araújo ◽  
Danielle A.N. Pessoa ◽  
Stephen Lee ◽  
Daniel Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Jugular Veins ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT: Sudden deaths after colostrum ingestion in kids and lambs born to mothers grazing in areas with Amorimia septentrionalis have been reported in the Brazilian northeastern semi-arid region, in Paraíba state. This study aimed to determine whether the sodium monofluoracetate (MF) contained in A. septentrionalis is eliminated in milk, causing the death of kids. After confirming gestation on the 25th day after mating, 26 goats were randomly distributed into three groups. In Group 1, eight goats received fresh leaves of A. septentrionalis in daily doses of 1g/kg body weight, administered at three different periods during gestation: from days 91 to 100, 116 to 125, and from day 140 until delivery day. In Group 2, consisting of 10 females, eight goats received 1g/kg body weight of A. septentrionalis dried and milled leaves, fed daily from the 140th day of gestation until delivery. The other two goats of this group did not ingest the plant during gestation and after delivery the colostrum supplied to their kids was replaced by colostrum of goats from that same group that had ingested the plant. Eight goats from Group 3 (control) did not ingest A. septentrionalis. Seven goats from Group 1 showed signs of poisoning from 2nd to 8th days of plant administration, in all periods, and recovered within 7 to 12 days. Another goat presented severe clinical signs and was submitted to euthanasia in extremis. Two goats aborted. Four kids, from two goats, received colostrum and, after 15 minutes, presented depression, breathing wheezing, lateral recumbence, bleating, and death. Two goats gave birth at night; the two kids were found dead and, at necropsy, it was verified that they were born alive. The last goat in this group gave birth to two kids which showed no signs of poisoning after colostrum ingestion. In Group 2, the eight goats that ingested dry leaves of the plant presented tachycardia and engorgement of the jugular veins; six aborted, and the kids of the other two goats died immediately after delivery without ingesting colostrum. The three kids of the two goats that did not ingest the plant during gestation did not show signs of poisoning after ingesting colostrum from the goats that had ingested the plant. In Group 3, all females kidded normally and the kids showed no signs of poisoning. Ten leaf samples of A. septentrionalis contained 0.00074% ±0.00018 MF. These results demonstrate that the MF of A. septentrionalis is eliminated in colostrum and may cause the death of kids. As in previous reports, the plant also caused abortion.

Land‐use change alters the stocks of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in a Haplic Cambisol in the Brazilian semi‐arid region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto Tuão Gava ◽  
Vanderlise Giongo ◽  
Diana Signor ◽  
Paulo Ivan Fernandes‐Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

The Molecular Characterization and Biological Assessment of the Leaves Extracts of Loofah Reveal their Nutraceutical Potential

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takoua Ben Hlel ◽  
Feten Belhadj ◽  
Fatih Gül ◽  
Muhammed Altun ◽  
Ayşe Şahin Yağlıoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Hela Cell ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biological Assessment ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Hela Cell Lines ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Background:: Luffa cylindrica is a plant that is widely distributed in Africa and Asia and it can be grown in regions with tropical or subtropical climates. Few patents dealt with Loofah biological properties, including some functional foods formulated from its leaves. Objective:: This study aimed to structurally and functionally characterize the bioactive compounds of L. cylindrica leaves grown in two different environments. Methods:: The extracts of L. cylindrica leaves collected from two Tunisian locations: Essouasi (LE), a semi-arid region and Medenine (LM) an arid region, were investigated for their phenolic compounds and fatty acids using HPLC/TOF-MS and GCMS techniques respectively. Furthermore, the antioxidant capacity was evaluated with DPPH, Chelating effect, Hydroxyl radical and Superoxide anion scavenging activities while the anticancer activity against HeLa cell lines was assessed using xCELLigence real time cell analyzer and lactate dehydrogenase cytotoxicity assay. Results:: The antiproliferative capacity of both extracts was time and dose-dependent with LE presenting the lowest HeLa cell index (CI = 0.035 ± 0.018, 250 μg/ml). LE also showed the best cytotoxic capacity (56.49 ± 0.8%) and antioxidant potential (IC50 = 54.41 ± 1.12 μg/ml for DPPH and 12.12 ± 0.07 μg/ml for chelating effet). 14 phenolic compounds were detected in LE with ferulic acid being the major compound (5128.5 ± 4.09 μg Phenols/g) while LM had only 6 phenolics. GCMS analysis showed the presence of omega-3 fatty acids in LE. Conclusions:: Our findings suggest that L. cylindrica leaves, especially when collected from semi-arid regions, are promising for formulating nutraceuticals of interest.

Space-time monitoring of soil organic carbon content across a semi-arid region of Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. e00367
Author(s):  
Patrick Filippi ◽  
Stephen R. Cattle ◽  
Matthew J. Pringle ◽  
Thomas F.A. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid
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