Effect of nitrogen fertilizer applied to the seed crop on the subsequent growth of early potatoes

1974 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Seed Potato ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seed Tuber ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
The Other ◽  
Physiological Age ◽  
Subsequent Growth ◽  
Seed Crop ◽  
Potato Crops

SummaryThree experiments involving three early maincrop cultivars explored the effect of nitrogen fertilizer (0–301 kg N/ha) applied to seed potato crops on seed performance and the growth of the subsequent early ware crop.The tuber N-content ranged from 1·1 g N/100 g dry matter (D.M.) to 1·6 g N/100 g D.M. for seed tubers obtained from crops grown at 0 and 201·301 kg N/ha. Seed of cv. Maris Peer from crops given 100 kg N/ha in 1969 produced ware yields 10% and 24% higher than those obtained from seed from crops given 0 and 201 kg N/ha. No effects of fertilizer applied to the seed crop on subsequent growth were observed in the other two experiments.It is suggested that the effects of nitrogen fertilizer applied to the seed crop on subsequent growth other than that related to seed tuber size only arise as a result of effects on the maturity of the seed crop. Thus any observed effect is attributed to differences in the ‘physiological age’ of seed rather than to differences in seed tuber N-reserves.

The effects of the date of defoliation of the seed potato crop and the storage temperature of the seed on subsequent growth: 1. Sprout growth

1978 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 737-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. E. Wurr
Keyword(s):  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Seed Potato ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Seed Tuber ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Subsequent Growth ◽  
Variable Effect ◽  
Seed Crop ◽  
Sprout Length ◽  
Sprout Growth

SummarySeven experiments carried out over 3 years investigated the effects of the date of defoliation of the seed crop and the storage temperature of the seed on subsequent sprout growth.The time of defoliation of the seed crop had a small, variable effect on the number of sprouts but with all varieties in every year, early defoliation gave the greatest total sprout length. The effect of later defoliation on sprout length varied according to the variety and the year. Most of the variation in total sprout length per tuber appeared to be attributable to differences in the date of dormancy break of the seed tuber.Storage throughout the winter at 15 °C gave fewer sprouts but a greater total sprout length per tuber than storage at 9 °C. A linear relationship between total sprout length per tuber and accumulated day degrees above 0 °C from dormancy break accounted for most of the variation in sprout length occurring in Désirée, Pentland Crown and Majestic as a result of storage at 9 °C and 15 °C for different periods of time.

Effects of date of planting, date of harvesting and seed rate on yield of seed potato crops

1992 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. O'Brien ◽  
E. J. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Seed Potato ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Tuber ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
East Anglia ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Seed Crops ◽  
Potato Crops

SUMMARYFourteen experiments which studied effects of date of planting in July, date of harvesting and seed rate on seed tuber yields (10–51 mm) of several potato varieties were carried out in four seasons in East Anglia. Seed tuber yields of c. 30 t/ha in Estima, Wilja and Maris Piper and 20 t/ha in Record were produced from the early planting and in all varieties c. 20 t/ha were produced from planting in late July. For maximum seed yield in all varieties, seed rates of 1·5–2 t/ha were sufficient for most harvests from both dates of planting but for the earliest harvest of the late-July planting, seed rates of only 1–1·5 t/ha were required. The value of seed crops was assessed as the number of ware hectares that could be replanted from the seed yield of one hectare graded 10–51 mm. In all varieties, the number of seed-size tubers and replantable hectares increased with increasing seed rate over most of the range, but numbers were close to the maximum at the early harvests. With delay in harvesting, the number of seed tubers and replantable hectares decreased in many experiments, especially from low seed rates, as more tubers exceeded the upper seed size limit. Maximum numbers of replantable hectares of 15, 15, 20 and 25 were found in Record, Estima, Wilja and Maris Piper, respectively.The monetary value of seed crops of Record and Maris Piper was calculated using (i) a fixed price per tonne of seed and (ii) cost of seed per replantable ware hectare. Sale values from the latter were substantially higher than from the former at early harvests in Record and at all harvests in Maris Piper. In Record, differences in sale value between the two pricing methods decreased with delay in harvesting as yields increased while number of replantable hectares varied little. The results showed that high multiplication rates and monetary returns can be obtained from short-season seed potato crops which may follow crops harvested earlier in the same season. The implications for potato production in the UK are discussed.

The response of some barley varieties to irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer

1968 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. M. Kirby
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Varietal Differences ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Grain Nitrogen ◽  
High Yields

SummaryFour varieties of barley, selected for characteristics which could have value in a barley variety intended primarily for animal food, were compared with the variety Proctor under two levels of irrigation and two levels of nitrogen fertilizer. The exotic varieties yielded less grain and total dry matter than the adapted varieties, but differed in their response to irrigation. This difference was due chiefly to the ability to form extra ears when irrigated and the other yield components were less affected. Nitrogen fertilizer did not affect yield, although more ears were formed in the highlevel than the low-level treatment. The yield of nitrogen in the whole plant and in the yield of grain nitrogen were increased by high-nitrogen fertilizer and one of the exotic varieties was found to be capable of high yields of both grain nitrogen and total nitrogen, but there were no varietal differences in the response to nitrogen fertilizer.The varietal differences in response to irrigation are briefly discussed and related to development and possible drought resistance. The nitrogen yield of the grain is analysed in terms of total nitrogen uptake and distribution within the plant and the possibility of using the variation in these characteristics in a breeding programme is raised.

scholarly journals Agro-techniques for Production of Seed Size Tubers in Conventional Seed Potato Production System–A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-246
Author(s):  
Murlidhar J. Sadawarti ◽  
◽  
S. P. Singh ◽  
R. K. Singh ◽  
Subhash Katare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Potato ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Tuber ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
Seed Spacing ◽  
Size Tuber ◽  
Major Factors

The seed potato cost is very important component in total potato production and account for 30 to 70% which varies depending on the country or region. Tuber size is an important factor to decide the seed requirement per unit area. Seed size affects total yield, graded or marketable tuber yields. Standard seed tuber of 25–125 g weight (30–55 mm) is known as seed size tubers in India. Obtaining seed size tuber is important for achieving higher potential of the cultivars. The tuber size profile can be reduced or expanded by altering inter and intra row seed spacing, controlling days of growth by planting late or killing vines/haulm early, regulating inputs like fertilizer and water etc. An ideal combination of plant population, row width, and in-row seed spacing for a particular variety were the major factors for optimizing tuber size. Variation in tuber bulking ability in different genotypes results in variation in proportion of seed size tubers among different varieties. 70–80 days haulm killing found most suitable for getting higher proportion of seed size tubers in high bulking varieties. Proper management of N, P and K fertilizers is considered very important to maximize tuber yield and attain desirable quality. Variability in nitrogen dose/ha was observed which ranged from 100–150 between different regions of the world. Hence proper combination of above Agro-techniques should be adopted in seed production programme as per the region for getting higher proportion of seed size/plantable seed tubers.

Effects of date of planting on growth and yield of contrasting potato varieties in Pembrokeshire

1977 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 711-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Seed Tuber ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Physiological Age ◽  
Early Variety ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
One Year ◽  
Classification Of Varieties ◽  
Young Seed

SummaryFour experiments over 2 years which examined the effects of date of planting (from mid-March to early May) on the growth and yield of early, second early and maincrop potato varieties are described. In two experiments the seed used was physiologically old (heavily sprouted) and in the other two experiments relatively young seed (limited sprout development) was used. In the early variety, Home Guard, tuber yield at maturity was unaffected by delay in planting when physiologically old seed was used but increased leaf area and higher tuber yields resulted from later planting of younger seed. With both types of seed the maincrop varieties, Desirée and Maria Piper, produced larger leaf areas from later planting in one year but smaller leaf areas in the other year. In both years with both types of seed, tuber yields at the end of August were higher from the earlier plantings of these varieties. The physiologically young seed of Red Craig's Royal behaved in a similar manner to the maincrop varieties and the physiologically old seed behaved in a similar way to Home Guard.Any yield advantages of early varieties over maincrop varieties from any date of planting were small and short-lived and the physiological reasons for differences between varieties are discussed in the light of these results. It is suggested that the current classification of varieties is unjustified and that variety testing should take more account of the effects of physiological age.Tuber yields from the maincrop varieties were very high (60·80 t/ha) and this is attributed to the synchrony of leaf growth and increasing light receipts which may be readily achieved in the mild springs of W. Wales.

scholarly journals Responses of Root Characteristic Parameters and Plant Dry Matter Accumulation, Distribution and Transportation to Nitrogen Levels for Spring Maize in Northeast China

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 308
Author(s):  
Yang Yu ◽  
Chunrong Qian ◽  
Wanrong Gu ◽  
Caifeng Li
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Projection Area ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Characteristic Parameters ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Matter Transport

Improving nitrogen use efficiency is a significant scientific problem to be solved. Two maize hybrids JD27 (Jidan 27) and SD19 (Sidan 19) were selected to study the effects of nitrogen levels on root characteristic parameters and plant dry matter accumulation, distribution and transportation. We set five different nitrogen levels, which were nitrogen deficiency (000N), low nitrogen (075N), medium nitrogen (150N), high nitrogen (225N) and excessive nitrogen (300N). The results showed that the root length and root surface area of JD27 were significantly higher than those of SD19 under 075N. With the increase of nitrogen levels, the root difference among varieties gradually decreased. The root length, projection area, total surface area and total volume reached the maximum values at silking stage. The average root diameter kept stable or decreased slowly with the growth stage. The dry matter accumulation of JD27 was higher than that of SD19 at all growth stages. Increasing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer can promote the transport of dry matter to grain and improve dry matter transport efficiency after anthesis. Under the treatment of medium and high nitrogen fertilizer, maize was easy to obtain a higher yield, but excessive nitrogen fertilizer inhibited the increase of yield. This study provides theoretical and practical guidance for maize production techniques.

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Hazelnut Peels on the Contents of Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Tocopherols, and on the Shelf-Life of Ripened Ewe Cheese

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 538
Author(s):  
Vita Maria Marino ◽  
Teresa Rapisarda ◽  
Margherita Caccamo ◽  
Bernardo Valenti ◽  
Alessandro Priolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Tocopherol Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cholesterol Oxidation ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Bulk Milk ◽  
Chocolate Industry ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

Hazelnut peel (HNP), a by-product from the chocolate industry, is considered to be a suitable ingredient to be included in the diet of ruminants. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of feeding dairy ewes with a diet containing HNP on ripened cheese quality, including fatty acid (FA) profile, cholesterol, and tocopherol content, as well as stability during storage under commercial conditions. In total, 10 experimental cheeses were produced with bulk milk obtained from ewes fed a commercial concentrate (C group; n = 5) or a concentrate containing 36% HNP in dry matter (HNP group; n = 5). After 40 days of aging, each cheese was sub-sampled into three slices: one was analyzed immediately (C0 and HNP0), and the other two were refrigerated and analyzed after seven days (C7 and HNP7) and 14 days (C14 and HNP14), respectively. Compared to C, HNP cheese had more than twice as many tocopherols and mono-unsaturated FA and respectively 38% and 24% less of cholesterol and saturated FA. Tocopherols and cholesterol levels remained rather stable up to 14 days of storage regardless of the experimental group, suggesting no cholesterol oxidation. Therefore, the inclusion of HNP in ewe diets could be a valid resource to produce cheese with a healthier lipid profile and higher tocopherols content.

Determination of optimum tuber planting density in the potato varieties Pentland Squire, Cara, Estima, Maris Piper and King Edward

1992 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. E. Wurr ◽  
J. R. Fellows ◽  
E. J. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Seed Tuber ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Stem Density ◽  
Seed Tubers ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
The Cost

SummaryThirty-two experiments examining the effects of the weight and within-row spacing of potato seed tubers on graded tuber yields of five varieties were conducted on eight sites from 1980 to 1985. A complex analysis technique was used to combine these data and estimate the optimum tuber planting densities for different ratios of seed cost to small (40–60 mm) and large (60–80 mm) ware value. The same technique could be applied to any other combination of seed cost, ware size and ware value.The optimum tuber planting density decreased with increasing seed-tuber weight. Differences in optimum planting density between varieties were much greater with small (35 g) than with large (105 g) seed tubers and decreased as the cost of seed increased relative to the value of ware. As large ware became worth more than small ware the influence of increasing seed cost on the optimum density was reduced. As the value of large ware increased, net returns increased and the effect of seed cost on net returns was reduced. Mean tuber size decreased with increasing stem density at harvest and at the same stem density was lower in varieties producing more daughter tubers/stem. Changes of mean tuber size (μ) and the spread of yield across size grades (σ) with time were well described by parallel curves in different varieties. It is suggested that in future it may not be necessary to determine optimum tuber planting densities by complex experiments involving several seed-tuber weights and spacings. Instead μ and σ could be estimated from simple experiments and tuber spacings determined by comparison with control varieties.

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