Teenage pregnancy in England and Wales: some demographic and medico-social aspects

1978 ◽  
Vol 10 (S5) ◽  
pp. 65-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Rothman ◽  
P. Capell
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
The Past ◽  
Number Of Births

SummaryThere have been substantial changes in the pattern of pregnancies to teenagers in England and Wales in the past 25 years. The number of births and abortions to teenagers has increased until the last 2–3 years since when there has been a decline. This paper looks at the changes that have occurred in the population structure and marital patterns of teenagers during these years, and examines teenage pregnancies and their outcomes with regard to some of the medical and social factors that may have influenced these changes.

Recent Trends in Teenage Pregnancy in England and Wales

1975 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue Teper
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Demographic Trends ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Registrar General ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Trends

SummaryData published annually by the Registrar General for England and Wales indicate that over the past 10 years the numbers of births—and, since 1968, of legal therapeutic abortions—to teenagers have increased substantially. During much of the same period the fertility of older women declined. This paper examines the recent demographic trends in teenage pregnancy, and compares the fertility of these teenagers with that of older women.

The decline in spinsterhood (continued).

1953 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 119-123
Author(s):  
W. S. Hocking
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Average Level ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Sample Analysis ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Registrar General ◽  
The Past ◽  
Number Of Births ◽  
Made In

Some three years ago a note in this Journal (J.S.S. 10, 24) called attention to the rapid decline that was taking place in the numbers of unmarried women in this country, due to the fact that the number of marriages was exceeding the number of young women reaching the marriageable ages. During the past three years statistics of a further three or four years' marriages have been issued and a sample analysis of the total population enumerated at the 1951 Census has been published. It may be of interest, therefore, to examine these data to see whether the trends exhibited in the years up to 1947–48 have continued and whether the 1951 Census results confirm the estimates given by the Registrar General for the inter-war years. The first assertion made in the note referred to is that ‘a considerable fall in the number of marriages, to be followed by a consequential fall in the number of births, is almost inevitable during the next few years’. As the number of marriages in England and Wales in the years 1950–52 averaged only 356,000, whereas during the period 1939–47 the average level was 385,000 a year, the first part of the assertion is being substantiated.

Some Social Problems in Modern Navigation Systems

1980 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
V. David Hopkin
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Control

A navigation system is not normally changed for social reasons. When changes are made, they are intended to meet new or more stringent requirements, to utilize technological advances, to increase efficiency, to improve safety, or to extend the functions which can be fulfilled. Innovations are evaluated according to their technical feasibility and cost. Not only have social factors failed to influence the nature of changes, but the social implications of changes have also been ignored. Yet greater benefit would often accrue from changes if their social effects were predicted and allowed for. Such predictions are usually feasible.Social problems in navigation systems are gradually becoming more severe. In the past, man could often compensate for their effects because his role remained sufficiently dominant for him to be innovative and flexible in resolving difficulties, and he retained a full understanding of the system and control over it. More recent aids tend to curtail human communication, restrict the nature of teamwork, and reduce the social aspects of such functions as consultation, supervision, and verification. Man-machine relationships are emphasized, instead of relationships between people. Each man tends to be more remote from his colleagues, and to know less about what they are doing. These effects are generally incidental rather than the reflection of a deliberate policy.

Seasonal variation in births in rural East Pakistan

1972 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Stoeckel ◽  
A. K. M. Alauddin Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
First Order ◽  
Monthly Temperature ◽  
Monthly Distribution ◽  
Number Of Births

SummaryAn analysis of the monthly distribution of births in two areas of Matlab Thana, East Pakistan, indicates that there is a seasonal variation in births different from what would be expected by chance. The highest proportion of births occur in the last three months of a year and the lowest proportion between May and July. Investigation into some of the environmental and social factors which might contribute to the seasonal pattern revealed the following: mean minimum monthly temperature 9 months before birth was inversely related to the number of births; all occupations had seasonal patterns different from what would be expected by chance and the business and mill-and-office occupations had distributions significantly different from each other; the distribution of births for all pregnancy orders was different from chance and the distribution for first order pregnancies was significantly different from those for third and fourth or higher orders.

Crisis in Arab World: Economic and Social Aspects

2011 ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
V. Mel'yantsev
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Growth Model ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Arab Muslim ◽  
World Economic

The article considers macroeconomic and social factors of the upsurge of socio-political instability in the Arab world. The Arab countries are compared with other states in the Arab-Muslim world, as well as with the economically fast-growing economies of East and South Asia. It is concluded that Arab countries loosely fit into the promising growth model of the XX century and they are in need of profound reforms.

PREVALENCE OF PREGNANCY AND ABORTION RATES AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS IN ALMATY

Vestnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
А.Б. Мукашева ◽  
М.Ш. Шарипова ◽  
Д.Н. Маханбеткулова ◽  
А.Б. Смажан
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
The Past ◽  
Health Complications ◽  
Republican Center

Актуальность. Беременность и аборты, которые отрицательно сказываются на репродуктивном здоровье и качестве жизни подростков, могут стать серьезной проблемой для репродуктивного потенциала следующего поколения. По мнению многих отечественных исследователей, аборт и ранняя беременность неблагоприятны для девочек-подростков, так как могут не только привести к потенциальным осложнениям для здоровья, но и вызвать серьезные психологические проблемы. Цель исследования. Определить частоту распространенности показателей подростковой беременности и абортов за 2016-2020 гг. по г. Алматы Результаты и обсуждение. По данным Республиканского центра электронного здравоохранения в Алматы, была проведена оценка распространенности беременности и абортов среди подростков за последние пять лет (2016-2020 гг.). Выводы. Анализ показателей беременности и абортов среди девочек-подростков 15-17 лет в Алматы за период 2016-2020 годов показал, что они имеют умеренную тенденцию к снижению. Хотя показатель беременностей в 2020 году составляет 5,8, он выше, чем в развитых странах, таких как Япония и Южная Корея. Pregnancy and abortion, which negatively affect the reproductive health and quality of life of adolescents, can be a serious problem for the reproductive potential of the next generation. According to many domestic researchers, abortion and early pregnancy are unfavorable for adolescent girls, as they can not only lead to potential health complications, but also cause serious psychological problems. Purpose of the study. To determine the frequency of prevalence rates of teenage pregnancy and abortion for 2016-2020. in Almaty Results and discussion. According to the Republican Center for eHealth in Almaty, an assessment was made of the prevalence of pregnancy and abortion among adolescents over the past five years (2016-2020). Findings. Analysis of pregnancy and abortion rates among adolescent girls aged 15-17 years in Almaty for the period 2016-2020 showed that they have a moderate downward trend. Although the pregnancy rate in 2020 is 5.8, it is higher than in developed countries such as Japan and South Korea.

Negotiating without the victim state: the exclusiveness of anticorruption settlements

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadja Capus ◽  
Kei Hannah Brodersen
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
International Guidelines ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
Settlement Agreements ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Obligation To Inform

Purpose Corporate foreign bribery can have devastating consequences on communities and states. Over the past decade, there have been several promising developments, both national and international, that might increase the chances of victim states to receive remediation for the harm they suffered from foreign bribery. In particular, awareness has risen that victim states must be considered and new innovative items have been added to the toolbox of prosecutors in the fight against corruption that is assumed to also improve victim states’ standing in these procedures. This study aims to assess whether indeed victim states receive compensation through these novel procedures. Design/methodology/approach This study uses the three case studies of Switzerland, France and England and Wales for a comprehensive empirical and normative analysis of settlement agreements between defendants and prosecution authorities and of court jurisprudence. Findings This study shows that although de jure, it seems warranted to order the payment of remedies to victim states within domestic criminal proceedings, in practice, this rarely happens. A number of legal and practical obstacles account for this situation. This study, therefore, calls for the formulation of international guidelines containing the obligation to inform victim states of ongoing criminal proceedings on corporate foreign bribery, and guidance on how to identify the victim of this crime, as well as the damage caused. Originality/value This is the first contribution to verify whether claims that settlement agreements, recently introduced in England and Wales and France (and similar procedures are available in Switzerland), are beneficial for victim states in their quest to receive compensation. As this study shows that this is – not yet – the case in practice, this study proposes solutions that could lead the way for remediation of the harm caused by corporate corruption – and thereby, ultimately, to a more just outcome.

scholarly journals Malaysia’s Vision 2020 and the Role of leadership in Economic Development

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Safy Mahmoud ◽  
Hoda Mitkees
Keyword(s):  
National Development ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Vision 2020 ◽  
New Economic Policy ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Growth Rates

Malaysia has adopted several developmental plans since 1969 starting with the New Economic Policy (NEP), passing by the National Development Plan (NDP) and ending with the Vision 2020 adopted in 1991 under the rule of Mahathir Mohammed (1981-2003), whereby Malaysia has aimed to become a developed country by 2020. Looking for the future, Malaysia 2020 should build upon the older developmental plans; however there are some new elements that need to be considered if Malaysia is to continue on its successful developmental path. This paper aims at focusing on the issues that still need to be considered in Vision 2020 from an outsider point of view. This paper addresses the questions of what Malaysia’s economic plans adopted in the past which were able to achieve high economic growth rates while preserving at the same time the social aspects. And the paper focuses on trade policy in Malaysia under Mahathir rule, identifying how was it shaped and how likely it will continue in 2020. The paper identifies the challenges likely to be faced by Malaysia in the coming period and how such issues should be tackled in Vision 2020.

VI.—On the British Earthquakes of 1900

1901 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 358-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Davison
Keyword(s):  
England And Wales ◽  
The Past

During the past year there were only two undoubted earth-quakes in this country. Some may have occurred in Glen Garry, one of our most sensitive regions; but the construction of a new railway through the valley renders it difficult to identify true earthquakes with certainty. The total number of British earth-quakes during the last twelve years thus amounts to 116, of which 46 had epicentres in England and Wales and 70 in Scotland, 42 of the latter number being confined, or almost confined, to Glen Garry.

scholarly journals XIX.—A Preliminary Notice of Five New Species of Iron-Bacteria.

1908 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 338-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Ellis
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Iron Bacteria ◽  
The Past

FOR the past two years I have been engaged in the investigation of the iron-water of Scotland, England, and Wales, and altogether have examined over a hundred samples. This publication is a preliminary notice of some new species of iron-bacteria which I have found in the course of this investigation. At present the number of known forms belonging to this class is six. In this paper I wish to outline the main characteristics of five new species, reserving for later papers the detailed accounts of their life-histories.

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