PREVALENCE OF PREGNANCY AND ABORTION RATES AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS IN ALMATY

Vestnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
А.Б. Мукашева ◽  
М.Ш. Шарипова ◽  
Д.Н. Маханбеткулова ◽  
А.Б. Смажан
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
The Past ◽  
Health Complications ◽  
Republican Center

Актуальность. Беременность и аборты, которые отрицательно сказываются на репродуктивном здоровье и качестве жизни подростков, могут стать серьезной проблемой для репродуктивного потенциала следующего поколения. По мнению многих отечественных исследователей, аборт и ранняя беременность неблагоприятны для девочек-подростков, так как могут не только привести к потенциальным осложнениям для здоровья, но и вызвать серьезные психологические проблемы. Цель исследования. Определить частоту распространенности показателей подростковой беременности и абортов за 2016-2020 гг. по г. Алматы Результаты и обсуждение. По данным Республиканского центра электронного здравоохранения в Алматы, была проведена оценка распространенности беременности и абортов среди подростков за последние пять лет (2016-2020 гг.). Выводы. Анализ показателей беременности и абортов среди девочек-подростков 15-17 лет в Алматы за период 2016-2020 годов показал, что они имеют умеренную тенденцию к снижению. Хотя показатель беременностей в 2020 году составляет 5,8, он выше, чем в развитых странах, таких как Япония и Южная Корея. Pregnancy and abortion, which negatively affect the reproductive health and quality of life of adolescents, can be a serious problem for the reproductive potential of the next generation. According to many domestic researchers, abortion and early pregnancy are unfavorable for adolescent girls, as they can not only lead to potential health complications, but also cause serious psychological problems. Purpose of the study. To determine the frequency of prevalence rates of teenage pregnancy and abortion for 2016-2020. in Almaty Results and discussion. According to the Republican Center for eHealth in Almaty, an assessment was made of the prevalence of pregnancy and abortion among adolescents over the past five years (2016-2020). Findings. Analysis of pregnancy and abortion rates among adolescent girls aged 15-17 years in Almaty for the period 2016-2020 showed that they have a moderate downward trend. Although the pregnancy rate in 2020 is 5.8, it is higher than in developed countries such as Japan and South Korea.

scholarly journals Publication Trends on Mitophagy in the World and China: A 16-Year Bibliometric Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingli Chen ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Yifan Jia ◽  
Zhongyuan Xia ◽  
Jishi Ye
Keyword(s):  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Publication Trends ◽  
Quality Of Results ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World

In the past 16 years, research on mitophagy has increasingly expanded to a wider range of subjects. Therefore, comprehensively analyzing the relevant progress and development trends on mitophagy research requires specific methods. To assess the hotspots, directions, and quality of results in this field worldwide, we used multiple tools to examine research progress and growing trends in research on the matter during the last 16 years (from 2005 to 2020). We also compared the quantity and quality of the literature records on mitophagy published by research institutions in China and other developed countries, reviewed China’s contribution, and examined the gap between China and these developed countries. According to the results of our bibliometric analysis, the United States and its research institutes published the most papers. We identified cell biology as the most commonly researched subject on mitophagy and AUTOPHAGY as the most popular journal for research on mitophagy. We also listed the most cited documents from around the world and China. With gradually increased funding, China is progressively becoming prominent in the field of mitophagy; nevertheless, the gap between her and major countries in the world must be closed.

DISTANT TRACK OF ECOLOGICAL DISASTERS ON THE GENETIC-REPRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL OF GENERATIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Lazareva N.V.
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Load ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
Genetic Monitoring ◽  
Acceptable Solution ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Results

The paper discusses and highlights the promising modern environmental problems that affect pollution and environmental destruction, affecting the health status of the population. The deterioration of the situation cannot be justified and compensated for by the positive results of the progress of civilization - today the decaying environment is gaining more and more weight even in comparison with the well-being and economic prosperity of developed countries, affecting the dynamics of the state of health. The studies carried out to determine the relationship between the development of psycho-somatic morbidity and environmental factors of environmental pollution are confirmed by a direct correlation dependence. Studies of the evolution of populations and species are described in detail under the increased pressure of mutations caused by pollution of the biosphere of an atomic and nuclear agent. However, until now, these studies have not been carried out with the required depth and scope. The proposed human genetic monitoring sets itself the task of determining the volume and dynamics of the hereditary health disorders in people caused by the influence of the genetic load. It has been proved that the main, methodologically, when working on genetic monitoring of a person is that an increase in the number of genetic pathologies in the population can be established only when reliable quantitative data are obtained. Thus, an absolutely acceptable solution to the contradictions between the quality of health and the state of the ecological situation has not yet been proposed.

Business views of the quality of tax, environment and employment regulation and institutions: the Slovenian case

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Klun ◽  
Renata Slabe-Erker
Keyword(s):  
Financial Burden ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Business Managers ◽  
The Past ◽  
Red Tape ◽  
Political Priority

Eliminating administrative burdens or ‘cutting red tape’ is becoming a political priority in most developed countries. The main problem faced by business and individuals is that, over the past two decades, the regulations they deal with have become more complex, and the related procedures place a financial burden on both business and individuals. This article presents the results of the first comprehensive quality assessment of public institutions and regulations in the fields of tax, environment and employment in Slovenia. Business managers assessed the quality of institutions and regulations in all three areas and their impact on their operations. The research indicates that Slovenian businesses gave the lowest score to environment protection institutions, with environmental protection regulations also scoring poorly. The scores were also low compared to most OECD countries. Points for practitioners The transition process in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, as well as in Slovenia, is coming to an end. In spite of several efforts to adapt regulations and competent institutions to the higher EU standards, they still remain rigid. In this article, the results of the lastest survey of administrative quality of regulations and institutions in Slovenia with international comparison are presented. As for instructions for improvements in practice, they should above all focus on simplifying the regulations and making them more transparent.

scholarly journals Biogenic Amines and Aflatoxins in Some Imported Meat Products: Incidence, Occurrence, and Public Health Impacts

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Fahad Dhafer Algahtani ◽  
Alaa Eldin Morshdy ◽  
Mohamed A. Hussein ◽  
Essam Said Abouelkheir ◽  
Adeniyi Adeboye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biogenic Amines ◽  
Food Quality ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Luncheon Meat ◽  
Hot Dog ◽  
Minced Meat

Background. Since the beginning of humanity, the global burden of foodborne disease has had a decimating effect on populations, with biogenic amines (BAs) and aflatoxins in meat products implicated. While many developed countries have legitimized safety levels for BAs using evidence-based guidelines to attain high food quality standards for consumers of meat products, developing countries are still battling against poor food quality checking. Purpose. This study examines the level of health risk of biogenic amines and aflatoxin in meat products by extracting and estimating their residues and determining their indices as a way of monitoring the potential health impacts of these residues on consumers of meat products. Methods. A total of 40 imported meat products sampled and randomly collected, representing imported luncheon meat, hot dog sausages, corned beef, and minced meat. Using recommended laboratory protocols, eight residues of BAs and aflatoxins were extracted. Results. Eight BAs, histamine, tyramine, tryptamine, cadaverine, putrescine, β-phenyl ethylamine, spermine, and spermidine, were extracted and determined in all tested samples. Tyramine levels in luncheon meat were found to be significantly higher than in other meat products, while significantly high cadaverine levels were reported in corned beef samples. The results of biogenic amine index (BAI) revealed that the quality of imported minced meat and imported hot dog samples was good (BAI < 5 mg/kg), while imported luncheon meat and imported corned beef samples remained acceptable (BAI 5–20 mg/kg). Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was detected higher than the permissible limit (>5 µg/kg) in imported luncheon meat and imported hot dog meat samples. Conclusion. The general results indicate that testing meat products for biogenic amines and aflatoxins is a very good indicator for monitoring the freshness and quality of meat products.

scholarly journals The Quest for a Better World

2000 ◽  
Vol 122 (12) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Henry Petroski
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Open Problems ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Made In

This article highlights the pervasiveness of the products and processes of engineering in having improved the quality of life in the developed countries of the world. The airplane and its associated infrastructure of airports and ticketing schemes have come a long way since the Wright Brothers’ first flight in 1903, and the ensemble that goes under the rubric ‘airplane’ certainly warrants recognition as achievement. All the engineering achievements that have been identified as among the greatest of the past century leave room for improvement. Air conditioning and refrigeration are among the more domestic achievements of 20th century engineering, but at exactly what stage they became so is hard to say. Refrigerators especially came a long way in the second half of the century. Well-controlled air conditioning, for all the technological progress made in the field since air was fanned over a block of ice, seems to remain one of the great open problems of mechanical engineering. All achievements, engineering and otherwise, are relative to their time and circumstances.

Housing affordability in Russia and foreign countries

2019 ◽  
pp. 29-51
Author(s):  
Nadezhda B. Kosareva ◽  
Tatiana D. Polidi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Housing Affordability ◽  
Mortgage Loans ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Home Purchase

The article presents the analysis of the dynamics of housing affordability indicators in Russia over the past 10 years and in largest urban agglomerations during 2010—2016. It highlights the main factors that influenced the growth in housing affordability in this period. This paper compares Russian indicators with similar foreign indicators, taking into account the methodological differences. The authors show that there was a trend to increase housing affordability in Russia for the past period through home purchase using mortgage loans. In contrast to Russia, in the majority of developed countries more attention was paid to improving the quality of the urban environment in the same period, which led to a certain decrease in housing affordability.

scholarly journals Readiness of Russian students to form individual pension savings

POPULATION ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-75
Author(s):  
Alexander Tyurikov ◽  
Pavel Razov ◽  
Dmitry Markov
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Good Communication ◽  
The Past ◽  
State Pension

Pension provision issues are among the most urgent problems in both the world and domestic socio-economic policy, as evidenced by frequent changes in pension legislation. Thus, the Russian pension system has undergone serious changes four times over the past two decades, however, by the standards of developed countries, the pension amount continues to be unsatisfactory. In order to attract long-term financial resources to the national economy and improve the quality of life of future pensioners, the authorities are increasingly demonstrating their interest in pushing the population to participation in the system of non-state pension provision. The article presents the results of a sociological study «Savings strategies of Financial University students», which was aimed at identifying the attitudes of Russian students regarding the formation of individual pension savings in non-state pension funds (NPFs). According to the results obtained, students, in general, are already thinking about their future retirement. However, in order to form savings for future old age, students need a sufficient amount of both current income and income in the long term. The most preferred tools for this are foreign currency, securities and cash rubles; the least interest is caused by services of NPFs and insurance companies, which is due to the ideas of insufficient profitability, as well as the riskiness of the activities of these organizations. To attract a youth audience, NPFs need not only to have a reputation as reliable, transparent and customer-oriented organizations, but also to build good communication with potential investors in order to explain the principles and mechanism of their work.

Immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in positively stained frozen sections

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-169
Author(s):  
K. T. Tokuyasu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Frozen Sections ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ultrathin Frozen Sections ◽  
Definition Of

During the past investigations of immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in ultrathin frozen sections, we found that the degree of negative staining required to delineate u1trastructural details was often too dense for the recognition of ferritin particles. The quality of positive staining of ultrathin frozen sections, on the other hand, has generally been far inferior to that attainable in conventional plastic embedded sections, particularly in the definition of membranes. As we discussed before, a main cause of this difficulty seemed to be the vulnerability of frozen sections to the damaging effects of air-water surface tension at the time of drying of the sections.Indeed, we found that the quality of positive staining is greatly improved when positively stained frozen sections are protected against the effects of surface tension by embedding them in thin layers of mechanically stable materials at the time of drying (unpublished).

Vitamin A: dietologist’s position

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
S. V. Orlova ◽  
E. A. Nikitina ◽  
L. I. Karushina ◽  
Yu. A. Pigaryova ◽  
O. E. Pronina
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Therapeutic Practice ◽  
The Past ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Mucous Membranes

Vitamin A (retinol) is one of the key elements for regulating the immune response and controls the division and differentiation of epithelial cells of the mucous membranes of the bronchopulmonary system, gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, eyes, etc. Its significance in the context of the COVID‑19 pandemic is difficult to overestimate. However, a number of studies conducted in the past have associated the additional intake of vitamin A with an increased risk of developing cancer, as a result of which vitamin A was practically excluded from therapeutic practice in developed countries. Our review highlights the role of vitamin A in maintaining human health and the latest data on its effect on the development mechanisms of somatic pathology.

Exercise Capacity in Chronic Heart Failure

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina G Mentzer ◽  
Alex J Auseon
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Pharmacologic Therapy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Future Therapy

Heart failure (HF) affects more than 5 million people and has an increasing incidence and cost burden. Patients note symptoms of dyspnea and fatigue that result in a decreased quality of life, which has not drastically improved over the past decades despite advances in therapies. The assessment of exercise capacity can provide information regarding patient diagnosis and prognosis, while doubling as a potential future therapy. clinically, there is acceptance that exercise is safe in hf and can have a positive impact on morbidity and quality of life, although evidence for improvement in mortality is still lacking. specific prescriptions for exercise training have not been developed because many variables and confounding factors have prevented research trials from demonstrating an ideal regimen. Physicians are becoming more aware of the indices and goals for hf patients in exercise testing and therapy to provide comprehensive cardiac care. it is further postulated that a combination of exercise training and pharmacologic therapy may eventually provide the most benefits to those suffering from hf.

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