THE IMPACT OF MATERNAL BIRTH MONTH ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE: CONTROLLING FOR SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CONFOUNDERS

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARIANE KEMKES
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Child Survival ◽  
Kendall Test ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Birth Month ◽  
Major Predictor ◽  
Total Variability ◽  
Reproductive Females ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
The Impact

SummaryBased on a 1900 census sample of 34,166 post-reproductive females (≥45 years), the birth month effect was put to the test, for both lifetime fertility as well as child survival, controlling for maternal birth cohort (1826–1835, 1836–1845, 1846–1855), Duncan's SEI, urbanity, nativity, literacy and marital duration. Testing for potential cohort effects did not indicate a temporal trend in fertility by maternal birth month (seasonal Mann-Kendall test, p=0.578), while a minute increase in offspring survival was detected (p<0.001, Sen's estimator of slope=0.02, 95% CI=0.02 to 0.03). Further analyses of the maternal birth month effect on child survival were therefore seized. For lifetime fertility, ANOVA results indicated that maternal birth month was a major predictor for total offspring count (F11, 33606=1809.0, p<0.001), accounting for 37.2% of the total variability. In addition to main effects, a statistically significant interaction effect was observed (F538, 33606=2.2, p<0.001), with a corresponding effect size of η2=0.40. Planned contrasts revealed that birth-month-specific differences in fertility achieved statistical significance (F11, 31798=1712.9, p<0.001), while post-hoc multiple comparisons for literacy and nativity displayed an inverse relationship with fertility, which meets demographic expectations. Controlling for all factors of interest, models of cohort-specific offspring counts (independent ANOVAs for 1826–1835: F157, 3467=26.3, p<0.001; 1836–1845: F182, 10299=75.5, p<0.001; 1846–1855: F199, 19859=137.9, p<0.001) indicated that women born in the first half of the year (particularly, January, February, April and May) achieved above-average parity, while those born in the latter half (namely, July, October, November and December) displayed markedly lower fertility averages. These monthly disparities are in line with previous observations and appear to be linked to seasonal optimal ripening of the oocyte or seasonal preovulatory over-ripeness ovopathy (Jongbloet, 1992).

scholarly journals The impact of the live-in housemaids intervention in family affairs and in the interactive relationship between couples in the Kuwaiti society

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Amer Al-Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Interactive Relationship ◽  
Sample Application ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the present study is to clarify the effect of the intervention of live-in maids in the family affairs and especially in the interactive relationship between couples whether by revealing respect or by their position in quarrels. The maid is a key factor in the domestic life of the host family; she plays a role in the food preparation and the cleaning, gives medicine to the children, resolves their problems and helps with their homework. The method and methodology for this study was the social survey and stratified random sample application. A questionnaire was used for the current study to collect data from 1,800 families consisting of a husband and a wife who live with the maid in the same house. The statistical package that was used in this study was SPSS for analyzing the collected data applying statistical equations such as the Independent Sample T-test for the two independent samples of the husbands and wives. Additionally, the Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and the Post Hoc Multiple Comparison for Observed Means for comparisons between the averages of arithmetical means of the data of the study were used to investigate the effect of independent variables. The scale for the independent variable related to the maid’s interference in the family affairs included three levels as follows: (a –high intervention b – medium intervention c-absolute no intervention). The purpose was to know the effect of the independent variable on the two dependent variables which are 1 -respect between spouses 2 – fights between spouses). The findings of the study suggest that there is a statistical significance between the feelings of respect between spouses as well as the quarrels between the couple and the live-in maid’s interference in family affairs. Finally, the study recommends that future studies and research shed more light on the various problems with house servants like crimes and theft. 

Children's and Parents' Anxiety Levels pre and post Thoracoplasty. Play Specialist-based Intervention beneficial Outcomes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Giulia Federica Perasso ◽  
Chiara Allegri ◽  
Gloria Camurati ◽  
Nicola Disma ◽  
Michele Torre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Paediatric Surgery ◽  
Pectus Carinatum ◽  
Pediatric Hospital ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
The Impact

Paediatric surgery elicits anxiety in children and their parents. The present study tests the impact of Play Specialist-based intervention (PS) on children's and parents' anxiety pre and post thoracoplasty. The study was held at Gaslini pediatric hospital (Genoa, Italy) and involved families with a child undergoing thoracoplasty to correct children's pectus carinatum (PC) or excavatum (PE). Children provided with PS-based intervention (n=40) were compared with control children (n=32). The mothers of PS children (n=40) were compared with the control mothers (n=32), and the fathers of PS children (n=40) were compared with the control fathers (n=32). Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was administered to assess pre and post thoracoplasty anxiety. T-tests and Analyses of Covariance (ANCOVA), Bayes factors for t-tests and ANCOVA were computed. A significant interaction effect between time and group (i.e., PS and controls) emerged for children, mothers, and fathers. Bonferroni post-hoc analyses revealed that PS children's and PS mothers' postoperative anxiety was lower than controls' postoperative anxiety. PS fathers' experienced greater preoperative anxiety than controls and no significant differences with control fathers emerged in postoperative anxiety. PS-based intervention emerged to reduce children's and parents' anxiety over time, and to diminish children's and mothers' postoperative anxiety in comparison with the controls.

scholarly journals Trend of suspended sediment load in the Velika Morava River in the period 1967-2007

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-48
Author(s):  
Sanja Mustafic ◽  
Predrag Manojlovic ◽  
Milena Nikolic ◽  
Tanja Dobrosavljevic
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Sediment Load ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Kendall Test ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Average Decrease ◽  
Standardized Regression Coefficients ◽  
Mann Kendall Test ◽  
Morava River ◽  
The Impact

The paper is concerned with identifying changes in the time series of discharge (Q), suspended sediment concentration (SSC) and sediment load (Qs) of the Velika Morva River. The catchment area on farthest hydrological profile Ljubicevski most on Velika Morava River is approximately 35,496 km2. In this profile were carried out daily measurements of flow and concetration of silt in the period from 1967 to 2007. Average perennial transport of suspended sediment is 2.57?106 t (72.4 t/km2/yr) and ranged from 0.17?106 t (4.8 t/km2/yr) to 10.02?106 t (282.2 t/km2/yr). Trends determined for Q, SSC and Qs are statistically obtained using the non-parametric Mann-Kendall test. Results of Mann-Kendall test show that Q has a slight declining trend of annual values which do not show statistical significance. Decline in trendline SSC and Qs is a significant at the level of 0.01. Calculating the standardized regression coefficients, it was found that the relative impact of SSC on sediment load is 3.1 time higher than the impact of discharge. From 1967 to 2007 the average decrease in sediment load at the mouth of the Velika Morava into the Danube was 3.1 t/km2/yr.

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with Diabetes and Multivessel or Left Main Disease – a Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Donald E Cutlip ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Bare Metal Stents ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Metal Stents ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
The Impact

Coronary artery disease in patients with diabetes is frequently a diffuse process with multivessel involvement and is associated with increased risk for myocardial infarction and death. The role of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) versus coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with diabetes and multivessel disease who require revascularisation has been debated and remains uncertain. The debate has been continued mainly because of the question to what degree an increased risk for in-stent restenosis among patients with diabetes contributes to other late adverse outcomes. This article reviews outcomes from early trials of balloon angioplasty versus CABG through later trials of bare-metal stents versus CABG and more recent data with drug-eluting stents as the comparator. Although not all studies have been powered to show statistical significance, the results have been generally consistent with a mortality benefit for CABG versus PCI, despite differential risks for restenosis with the various PCI approaches. The review also considers the impact of mammary artery grafting of the left anterior descending artery and individual case selection on these results, and proposes an algorithm for selection of patients in whom PCI remains a reasonable strategy.

Dietary Patterns: A New Therapeutic Approach for Depression?

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Jesus ◽  
Tânia Silva ◽  
César Cagigal ◽  
Vera Martins ◽  
Carla Silva
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Common Mental Disorder ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: The field of nutritional psychiatry is a fast-growing one. Although initially, it focused on the effects of vitamins and micronutrients in mental health, in the last decade, its focus also extended to the dietary patterns. The possibility of a dietary cost-effective intervention in the most common mental disorder, depression, cannot be overlooked due to its potential large-scale impact. Method: A classic review of the literature was conducted, and studies published between 2010 and 2018 focusing on the impact of dietary patterns in depression and depressive symptoms were included. Results: We found 10 studies that matched our criteria. Most studies showed an inverse association between healthy dietary patterns, rich in fruits, vegetables, lean meats, nuts and whole grains, and with low intake of processed and sugary foods, and depression and depressive symptoms throughout an array of age groups, although some authors reported statistical significance only in women. While most studies were of cross-sectional design, making it difficult to infer causality, a randomized controlled trial presented similar results. Discussion: he association between dietary patterns and depression is now well-established, although the exact etiological pathways are still unknown. Dietary intervention, with the implementation of healthier dietary patterns, closer to the traditional ones, can play an important role in the prevention and adjunctive therapy of depression and depressive symptoms. Conclusion: More large-scale randomized clinical trials need to be conducted, in order to confirm the association between high-quality dietary patterns and lower risk of depression and depressive symptoms.

The Impact of Smoking on Cardiovascular Outcomes and Comorbidities in Statin-treated Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Post hoc Analysis of the GREACE Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 779-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasilios G. Athyros ◽  
Konstantinos Tziomalos ◽  
Niki Katsiki ◽  
Thomas D. Gossios ◽  
Olga Giouleme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Cardiovascular Outcomes ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
The Impact

Do we Need Maintenance Chemotherapy in Advanced NSCLC in the Era of Immune and Targeted Therapy?

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Ahmed Nagy ◽  
Omar Abdel Rahman ◽  
Heba Abdullah ◽  
Ahmed Negida
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Maintenance Chemotherapy ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
The Impact

Background: Although well established for the effective management of hematologic cancers, maintenance chemotherapy has only been recently incorportated as a treatment paradigm for advanced non–small-cell lung cancer. Maintenance chemotherapy aims to prolong a clinically favorable response state achieved after finishing induction therapy which is usually predefined in number before startng treatment. There are 2 modalities for maintenance therapy; continuation maintenance (involving a non-platinum component which was a part of the induction protocol or a targeted agent) and switch maintenance therapy (utilizing a new agent which was not a part of the induction regimen). Methods: The purpose of this article is to review the role of maintenance therapy in the treatment of advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) and provide a brief overview about induction chemotherapy in NSCLC to address the basis of maintenance therapy as a treatment option. We will also compare the impact of maintenance chemotherapy with the now evolving role of immunotherapy in NSCLC. Results: There have been 4 maintenance studies to date showing prolonged PFS and OS with statistical significance. However, Three out of the four studies (ECOG4599, JMEN, and PARAMOUNT) did not report tumor molecular analysis. As regard Immunotherapy, current data is in favour of strongly an increasing role for immunotherapy in NSCLC. Conclusion: Maintenance therapy in NSCLC continues to be an important therapeutic line to improve outcome in patients with metastatic and recurrent disease.

The Impact of Service Satisfaction, Relational Satisfaction and Commitment on Customer Loyalty in Logistics Outsourcing Relationship

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1and2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjit Singh H.
Keyword(s):  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Service Satisfaction ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Relational Satisfaction ◽  
Logistics Outsourcing ◽  
Major Predictor ◽  
The Impact

This research explores the impact of service satisfaction, relational satisfaction, price satisfaction, and commitment on customer loyalty in logistics outsourcing relationships in Indian scenario. 254 users of logistics services from India were selected for investigating the potential linkages among the aforementioned satisfaction aspects and loyalty. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to test the reliability and validity of the measurement and structural model developed to study the relationship among the linkages. Findings from the study supports that logistics service satisfaction, price satisfaction, relational satisfaction and commitment do influence loyalty positively. The analysis suggests that service satisfaction is the most important antecedent having primary influence in the formation of customer loyalty. Service satisfaction also has secondary influence on loyalty by acting as a strong driver in both relational satisfaction and commitment aspects of the service dimensions. Price satisfaction though positively been driven by service satisfaction, was found to have less significant effect as a predictor of loyalty in this context. The present study suggests that relational satisfaction is the second major predictor of loyalty which also drives commitment. This research is not an end-point but an attempt to establish the linkages and the effect among the antecedents driving the building and retention of good buyer-seller relationship in logistics outsourcing.

scholarly journals Treatment of HIV-associated facial lipoatrophy: impact on infection progression assessed by viral load and CD4 count

2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 570-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Machado Gonçalves Soares ◽  
Izelda Maria Carvalho Costa
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Undetectable Viral Load ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Facial Lipoatrophy ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND: HIV/AIDS-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome includes changes in body fat distribution, with or without metabolic changes. The loss of fat from the face, called facial lipoatrophy, is one of the most stigmatizing signs of the syndrome.OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effect of FL treatment using polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) implants on disease progression, assessed by viral load and CD4 cell count.METHODS: This was a prospective study of 44 patients treated from July 2009 to December 2010. Male and female patients, aged over 18 years, with clinically detectable FL and who had never been treated were included in the study. PMMA implantation was done to fill atrophic areas. Laboratory tests were conducted to measure viral load and CD4 count before and after treatment.RESULTS: Of the 44 patients, 72.72% were male and 27.27% female, mean age of 44.38 years. Before treatment, 82% of patients had undetectable viral load, which increased to 88.6% after treatment, but without statistical significance (p = 0.67). CD4 count before treatment ranged from 209 to 1293, averaging 493.97. After treatment, the average increased to 548.61. The increase in CD4 count after treatment was statistically significant with p = 0.02.CONCLUSION: The treatment of FL with PMMA implants showed a statistically significant increase in CD4 count after treatment, revealing the impact of FL treatment on disease progression. Viral load before and after treatment did not vary significantly.

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