scholarly journals Stigma as a barrier to family planning use among married youth in Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-519
Author(s):  
Aparna Jain ◽  
Hussein Ismail ◽  
Elizabeth Tobey ◽  
Annabel Erulkar
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Principal Component Factor Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adolescent Groups ◽  
Anticipated Stigma ◽  
Youth Friendly Service

AbstractNearly 33 million female youths have an unmet need for voluntary family planning (FP), meaning they are sexually active and do not want to become pregnant. In Ethiopia, age at marriage remains low: 40% and 14% of young women aged 20–24 were married by the ages of 18 and 15, respectively. Despite increases in FP use by married 15- to 24-year-olds from 5% in 2000 to 37% in 2016, unmet need remains high at 19%. Supply-and-demand factors have been shown to limit FP use, yet little is known about how stigma influences FP use among youth. This study validates an anticipated stigma (expectation of discrimination from others) index and explores its effect on unmet need. A cross-sectional survey was implemented with 15- to 24-year-old female youth in Ethiopia in 2016. The analytic sample included married respondents with a demand (met and unmet need) for FP (n=371). A five-item anticipated stigma index (Cronbach’sα=0.66) was developed using principal component factor analysis. These items related to fear, worry and embarrassment when accessing FP. The findings showed that 30% agreed with at least one anticipated stigma question; 44% had an unmet need; 58% were married before age 18; and 100% could name an FP method and knew where to obtain FP. In multivariate regression models, youth who experienced anticipated stigma were significantly more likely to have an unmet need, and those who lived close to a youth-friendly service (YFS) site were significantly less likely to have an unmet need. Interventions should address anticipated stigma while focusing on social norms that restrict married youth from accessing FP; unmet need may be mitigated in the presence of a YFS; and the anticipated stigma index appears valid and reliable but should be tested in other countries and among different adolescent groups.

Factors influencing evidence-based practice in prosthetics and orthotics

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Andrysek ◽  
James Christensen ◽  
Annie Dupuis
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Principal Component Factor Analysis ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Relevant Evidence

Background: The importance of evidence-based practice is being recognized across a broad range of healthcare disciplines as a means for improving patient outcomes and also efficiently managing healthcare resources.Objective: The objective of this work was to obtain information from clinicians about the underlying barriers and facilitators relating to evidence-based practice in prosthetics and orthotics.Study design: Cross sectional survey.Methods: An internet survey was developed and distributed to 300 prosthetists and orthotists currently practicing in Canada.Results: A principal component factor analysis of the survey results revealed ten primary factors affecting evidence-based practice. These include time constraints, workload and system demands, limited relevant evidence from research, and gaps in skills and knowledge required to perform evidence-based practice.Conclusions: Clinicians value research as a means of improving clinical practice, but they are faced with a number of practical barriers in performing evidence-based practice.Clinical relevanceThis study provides empirical data about the underlying barriers and facilitators relating to evidence-based practice in prosthetics and orthotics. Such data are essential in order to inform those involved in improving existing clinical practices, including educators, professional organizations, and governing bodies.

scholarly journals Determinants of unmet need for family planning among women in Urban Cameroon: a cross sectional survey in the Biyem-Assi Health District, Yaoundé

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atem Bethel Ajong ◽  
Philip Nana Njotang ◽  
Martin Ndinakie Yakum ◽  
Marie José Essi ◽  
Felix Essiben ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Health District ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Prevalence and determinants of unmet need for contraception in North Gonja District, Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Wemakor ◽  
Humphrey Garti ◽  
Nawaf Saeed ◽  
Obed Asumadu ◽  
Bede Anyoka
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Unmet Need For Contraception

Abstract Background Unmet need for contraception contributes to the burden of unwanted pregnancies, which are correlated with a host of adverse maternal and child outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and identify the determinants of unmet need for contraception in North Gonja District, Ghana. Methods A cross-sectional survey involving 386 randomly selected women of childbearing age was conducted in North Gonja district, Ghana, with the use of a questionnaire in household interviews. Women were classified as having unmet need for contraception if they were fecund, sexually active and wished to postpone the next birth or halt childbearing completely but were not using any form of contraception. Chi-square/Fisher’s exact test and logistic regression analysis were used to identify the determinants of unmet need. Results The mean age of the study population was 26.1 (±8.4) years and awareness on contraception was almost universal in the district (95.9%). The overall prevalence of unmet need for contraception was 38.9%, with 27.5% having unmet need for limiting and 12.2% unmet need for spacing. In multivariate analysis, compared to women aged 25–29 years, those aged 20–24 years [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 0.26; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.11–0.58] and 30 years and above (AOR 0.25; 95% CI 0.09–0.73) were less likely to have unmet need for contraception. However, uneducated women (AOR 5.06; 95% CI 1.07–24.01) compared with those educated to tertiary level; those unaware of family planning (AOR 3.93; 95% CI 1.12–13.80) compared to those aware; and those who had not previously practised contraception (AOR 1.81; 95% CI 1.09–3.00) compared to those who did were more likely to have unmet need. Conclusions The present study found high prevalence of both awareness on and unmet need for contraception among the study population. Unmet need for contraception is associated with age, educational status, awareness on family planning and previous contraception practice. Educational campaigns to promote contraception should prioritize women of middle age and low educational status. Further studies are needed to understand the low correlation between awareness on and unmet need for contraception.

scholarly journals Unmet Need for Family Planning among Urban and Rural Married Women in Yangon Region, Myanmar—a Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myint Myint Wai ◽  
Espen Bjertness ◽  
Hein Stigum ◽  
Thein Thein Htay ◽  
Tippawan Liabsuetrakul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies

Despite increasing contraceptive use and prevalence, many women who want to avoid or delay pregnancy are not using contraceptives. This results in unintended pregnancies, which increases the risk of unsafe abortions. This study aimed to explore the extent of the unmet need for family planning (FP) among urban and rural married women in Myanmar and their demand for and satisfaction with FP. A cross-sectional survey using adapted Demographic and Health surveys questions was conducted in south and north Yangon from September 2016 to November 2016. A total of 1100 currently married women of 18–49 years participated. The contraceptive prevalence was 67.2% in total, 63% urban, and 70% rural. About 19.4% (95% CI: 16.7%–22.4%) of the studied women had an unmet need for FP, significantly higher in urban than rural women (22.6% versus 16.6%). Rural women also showed significant lesser odds (adjusted OR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.461–0.849) of unmet need than the urban counterparts. About 86% of the women had demand for contraception and 77% of them satisfied their demand. The study population revealed a fairly good contraceptive coverage; however, a considerable proportion of women had an unmet need for FP, especially the urban women. The demand for contraception is increasing, and contraceptive services need to expand coverage to marginalized groups in order to reduce the risk of unsafe abortions.

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitude towards post-partum insertion of intra uterine devices among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at a tertiary care teaching hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 5088
Author(s):  
Himanshu Vyas ◽  
Deviga T. ◽  
Mamta .
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

Background: Post-partum insertion of intra uterine devices (PPIUCD) increased the accessibility for women following childbirth. In India, the most women in the first year postpartum have an unmet need for family planning due to lack of information and fear of complications. The aim of the study is to assess the knowledge and attitude regarding postpartum insertion of intra uterine devices, among antenatal mothers.Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional survey design. The antenatal mothers, gestational age above 20weeks, registered at AIIMS Jodhpur were selected by purposive sampling technique. A total of 183 subjects were recruited for the data collection. A structured knowledge questionnaire and 5 point Likert scale was used to assess the knowledge and attitude among regarding PPIUCD respectively. Informed consent was taken from each participant prior to data collection and descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to analyze the data.Results: Majority (57.4%) of the subjects had fair knowledge, 24.6% had poor knowledge, only 18% with good knowledge and none of them had excellent in knowledge regarding PPIUCD. Majority (64.5%) had neutral attitude, 33.3% had positive attitude and 2.2% had negative attitude towards PPIUCD. A positive correlation found between the knowledge and attitude (r=0.509) regarding PPIUCD. Pregnant women’s education was found to be significantly associated with knowledge and attitude regarding PPIUCD.Conclusions: The findings underline that majority of the antenatal mothers having lack of knowledge and less positive attitude regarding PPIUCD. Hence there is a need to hence the comprehensive PPIUCD literacy and highly positive attitude among antenatal mothers in order to meet the family planning needs.

scholarly journals IDENTIFYING FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE USE OF A SCALED-UP POSTPARTUM FAMILY PLANNING PROJECT IMPLEMENTED IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 466-474
Author(s):  
Aniza Ismail ◽  
Mariam Ashraf ◽  
Idayu Badilla Idris ◽  
Inayat Thaver ◽  
Ahsan Maqbool Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Postpartum Family Planning

Pakistan has one of the highest unmet needs for family planning among low and middle-income countries. Postpartum family planning (PPFP) is considered to have the potential of significantly improving the contraceptive prevalence rate and reducing the unmet need for family planning. Jhpiego (John Hopkins Affiliate) implemented a PPFP pilot project in the district headquarter hospital of Mandi Bahauddin.  The key interventions of the Jhpiego pilot were to improve services pertinent to PPFP. Based on the successes of the pilot, the interventions were scaled up to other health facilities. The present study aims to identify the factors associated with the utilization of the postpartum family planning health project implemented in the health facilities once the scale-up activities ended and comparing it with the pilot facility. A cross-sectional survey with a sample of 410 women using postpartum care services in the facilities was conducted using a structured questionnaire. The findings indicated that the complete set of interventions were not present in the facilities.  Postpartum family planning method uptake was low (26%) along with the shortage of contraceptives supplies. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to identify the predictors for the current use of postpartum family planning. The predictors identified that women with the age of 25 years and above with 3 or more children, who attended antenatal care visits and were counselled on PPFP were more likely to adopt/use PPFP in the postpartum period. The findings indicated scale-up was limited and the interventions were not sustained once the donor support ended. 

scholarly journals Assessment of the awareness and usages of family planning methods in the Lebanese community

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-274
Author(s):  
Ghada El Khoury ◽  
Pascale Salameh
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
National Level ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Contraception Use ◽  
Planning Methods ◽  
National Prevalence

BackgroundWorldwide, one in three women has unmet family planning (FP) needs because of difficulties in accessing or using contraceptives. In Lebanon, information from the scientific literature on the national prevalence of contraceptive use appears scarce.ObjectiveIn view of this, we measured the current Lebanese national prevalence of FP methods’ uptake among women and men of reproductive age, and we assessed barriers for potential unmet need.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey on a nationally representative sample of 825 married women (aged 15–49 years) and men of reproductive age (aged 18+ years). We used the validated Demographic & Health Survey (DHS) data collection tool and analysed data with SPSS Version 22.0 with p values <0.05 considered statistically significant.ResultsWe found that the current prevalence of contraceptive use is 55.6%, the unmet need is 11.4%, the total demand for FP is 67% and the percentage of satisfied demand for FP is 83%. Despite favourable knowledge of and access to FP methods as well as positive attitudes towards FP; there is a clear stagnation in the rate of contraception use over the past four decades. The identified major factors hindering the use of FP methods in Lebanon appear to be religion, age and lower educational levels.ConclusionWe suggest the implementation of effective interventions at the national level to promote and encourage the uptake of modern FP methods among couples. The latter will further promote maternal and child health, as well as empower women to fulfil their equal function in society.

scholarly journals Contraceptive use and determinants of unmet need for family planning; a cross sectional survey in the North West Region, Cameroon

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esambe Emmanuel Edietah ◽  
Philip Nana Njotang ◽  
Atem Bethel Ajong ◽  
Marie José Essi ◽  
Martin Ndinakie Yakum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
West Region

scholarly journals High birth order pregnancy and unmet need of contraception in semi-urban population in India: a comparison of two cross sectional surveys performed 10 years apart

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1774
Author(s):  
Shikha Chadha ◽  
Shweta Mittal ◽  
Parwati Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Family Planning Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
High Birth Order ◽  
Antenatal Clinics

Background: Rising population is the greatest problem facing the country. The current study was done to find out reasons behind the failure of two child norm policy and to find out the changes in last 10 years in this regard.Methods: A cross sectional survey was done at a referral hospital involving the pregnant women with two or more live children. The Performa used for survey was same as that used 10 years back for a similar study. A comparative analysis was done.Results: A large number of high birth order pregnancies remains unintended (47.47% versus 46.06%). Intended pregnancies still reflect a preference for male child (58.78% versus 54.62%). Unintended pregnancies involves a large population with unmet need of contraception.Conclusions: The prevalence of unmet need for family planning remains high in our society. There is a dire need of better client friendly family planning services especially in antenatal clinics along with educating men and women regarding the importance of planning ones family.

scholarly journals Women Do Not Utilise Family Planning According to Their Needs in Southern Malawi: A Cross-Sectional Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4072
Author(s):  
Maria Lisa Odland ◽  
Oda Vallner ◽  
Marlen Toch-Marquardt ◽  
Elisabeth Darj
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
District Hospitals

Malawi is a low-income country with a high maternal mortality rate. This study aimed to investigate the use of contraception and factors associated with unmet need of family planning among fertile women in selected health facilities in southern Malawi. A cross-sectional study design was employed using a validated questionnaire to investigate the unmet need. A total of 419 pregnant women, who attended antenatal clinics at a central hospital and two district hospitals, voluntarily participated in the study. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify possible factors associated with unmet needs. Amongst the participants, 15.1% reported unmet need, 27.0% had never used a contraceptive method, and 27.2% had an unwanted pregnancy. Being married, 20–24 years of age, living in a rural area, and high parity were protective factors against having unmet need regarding family planning. Malawi, a country with a young population and a high fertility rate, has a high level of unmet family planning need. Barriers and facilitators need to be identified and addressed at different levels by the health care system, society, and the government of Malawi.

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