Assessment of non-communicable disease related lifestyle risk factors among adult population in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Md. Belal Hossain ◽  
Mahmood Parvez ◽  
Mir Raihanul Islam ◽  
Hala Evans ◽  
Sabuj Kanti Mistry
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Risk

Abstract Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which can largely be prevented by controlling avoidable lifestyle-related risk factors, are rapidly penetrating the entire world, including developing countries. The present study aimed to assess NCD lifestyle risk factors among the adult population in Bangladesh. The data used in the study were collected as part of a population-based cross-sectional survey covering rural and urban areas of Bangladesh conducted in 2015–16 (N=11,982 adults aged ≥35 years). The lifestyle factors considered were diet (daily fruit and vegetable consumption and extra salt intake with meals), sleeping patterns, smoking, smokeless tobacco consumption, and physical activity. The study found that approximately 18.5% of participants had a non-daily consumption of fruit or vegetables, 46.6% used extra salt with their meals, 11.8% reported sleeping <7 hours daily, 25.7% smoked tobacco, 60.9% used smokeless tobacco and 69.7% were less physically active. The prevalence of improper lifestyle practices relevant to NCDs, such as an inadequate diet, poor sleeping pattern, tobacco consumption, and low physical activity, was significantly higher among older adults, women, the uneducated, the unemployed, urban dwellers, and people from rich households. The study found that NCD-related lifestyle characteristics were poorly compliant with standard guidelines among many adult populations in Bangladesh. The findings can inform preventative strategies to control the overwhelming NCD burden in Bangladesh, such as the promotion of physical exercise, healthy eating, and the cessation of the use of tobacco products.

scholarly journals Clustering of noncommunicable disease risk factors among adolescents attending higher secondary schools in Kasaragod District, Kerala, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Thekke Veedu Sreena ◽  
Elezebeth Mathews ◽  
Prakash Babu Kodali ◽  
Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Noncommunicable Disease ◽  
Factors Associated

Background: Limited evidence exists on the presence of collective non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors among adolescents in Kerala, India. We aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with multiple NCD risk factors and clustering of these risk factors among adolescents in Kasaragod District, Kerala. Methods: We selected 470 adolescents (mean age 16.6 years, male 53.8%) through multi-stage cluster sampling from higher secondary schools of Kasaragod district. Self-administered questionnaires were used, and anthropometric measurements were taken using standard techniques and protocols. Tobacco use, alcohol consumption, low fruits and vegetable consumption, inadequate physical activity, extra salt intake, overweight, consumption of soft drinks and packed foods were the eight NCD risk factors included. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was done to find out the factors associated with one, two and three or more NCD risk factors. Results: Risk factor clusters with two risk factors (dyads) and three risk factors (triads) were observed in 163 (34.7%) and 102 (21.7%) of the sample, respectively. Adolescents residing in urban areas (odds ratio (OR) = 3.55; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.45-8.73), whose father’s education level was lower (OR = 3.54;  95% CI = 1.24-10.10), whose mother’s education was lower (OR= 4.13; 95% CI = 1.27-13.51), who had restrictions on physical activity (OR = 5.41; 95% CI = 1.20-24.30) and who did not have a kitchen garden (an area where fruits and vegetables are grown for domestic use) (OR=4.51;95%  CI = 1.44-14.12) were more likely to have three or more NCD risk factors compared to their counterparts.   Conclusions: Clustering of NCD risk factors was prevalent in more than half of the adolescents. Efforts are warranted to reduce multiple risk factors, focussing on children of low educated parents and urban residents. Parents of adolescents may be encouraged to have kitchen gardens and not to restrict adolescent’s physical activity.

scholarly journals Physical activity profile of the Iranian population: STEPS survey, 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farnam Mohebi ◽  
Bahram Mohajer ◽  
Moein Yoosefi ◽  
Ali Sheidaei ◽  
Hossein Zokaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Insufficient Physical Activity ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Insufficient physical activity (IPA) is one of the leading causes of premature mortality through the increased burden of non-communicable diseases. From 1990 to 2017, the percentage of low physical activity attributable disability-adjusted life years (DALY) increased globally by 1.5 times and 2-fold in Iran, causing more than 1.2 million deaths worldwide and 18,000 deaths in Iran in 2017. Reports suggest that Iran, a developing middle-income country, suffers from a high level of IPA. Socioeconomic and cultural alterations along with the country’s developments expose the population to IPA risk. We aimed to describe IPA prevalence in Iran’s adult population, categorized by demographics, geographical region, and activity domains to assess the present pattern of physical inactivity and its domains in the country. Methods In 2016, in order to represent Iran’s adult population, adult participants (n: 30541) from 30 provinces were selected using systematic proportional to size cluster sampling. Physical activity (PA) was assessed via the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire, calculating the Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) value in minutes per week for work, recreation, and transport domains. Insufficient physical activity (IPA) was defined according to WHO’s recommendation (less than 600 METs per week). Adjusted odds ratios of IPA associates for sociodemographic, lifestyle related variables, and metabolic risk factors were reported. Results A high prevalence of IPA was seen in the total population (54.7%, 95%CI: 54.0–55.3) with a considerable difference between the two genders (males: 45.3% (95%CI: 44.3–46.3); females: 61.9% (95%CI: 61.0–62.7)). Work-related activity was the domain with the greatest percentage of total PA, whereas, both genders lacked recreational activities. In our findings, being female, a housekeeper, younger and living in urban areas were significantly associated with higher levels of IPA. Moreover, insufficient fruit and vegetable consumption, lack of alcohol consumption, having a personal vehicle, and finally, having a medical history of diabetes were significantly associated with the presence of IPA in our population. Among the study population, 33.6% (95%CI: 33.0–34.2) had at least 4 h of sedentary behavior in a typical day. Conclusions Widespread IPA among the Iranian adult population is of major concern. In our findings, we observed a considerable gap in the prevalence and pattern of IPA between the two genders. Additionally, IPA was associated with living in urban areas, unhealthy lifestyle habits and a history of other metabolic risk factors. Thus, a prompt initiative for population-specific actions should be taken.

Associations Between Physical Activity and Other Lifestyle Behaviors in Older New Zealanders

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 412-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Mummery ◽  
Gregory Kolt ◽  
Grant Schofield ◽  
Grant McLean
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Activity Measures ◽  
Lifestyle Risk

Background:Physical activity is a key component of healthy aging. We investigated the relationships between physical activity measures and lifestyle risk factors.Methods:Representative population data (N = 1894) of New Zealand adults aged 60 years and older were analysed to study the association between physical activity, smoking, overweight and fruit and vegetable consumption.Results:Activity prevalence of four activity measures were 18.3% inactive/sedentary; 67.6% some recreational walking; 30.7% some vigorous activity; and 51.4% regular physical activity. Females were more likely than males to be inactive and activity levels decreased across age groups. Activity displayed a negative association to smoking and being overweight or obese, and a positive association with fruit and vegetable consumption.Conclusion:Associations between lifestyle risk factors and physical activity indicate a need to address the issue of healthy aging by means of a multi-factorial approach.

scholarly journals Clustering of noncommunicable disease risk factors among adolescents attending higher secondary schools in Kasaragod District, Kerala, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Thekke Veedu Sreena ◽  
Elezebeth Mathews ◽  
Prakash Babu Kodali ◽  
Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Noncommunicable Disease ◽  
Factors Associated

Background: Limited evidence exists on the presence of collective non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors among adolescents in Kerala, India. We aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with multiple NCD risk factors and the clustering of these risk factors among adolescents in Kasaragod District, Kerala. Methods: We selected 470 adolescents (mean age 16.6 years, male 53.8%) through multi-stage cluster sampling from higher secondary schools of Kasaragod district. Self-administered questionnaires were used, and anthropometric measurements were taken using standard techniques and protocols. Tobacco use, alcohol consumption, low fruits and vegetable consumption, inadequate physical activity, extra salt intake, overweight, consumption of soft drinks and packed foods were the eight NCD risk factors included.The factors associated with one, two and three or more NCD risk factors were analysed using multinomial logistic regression and the standard errors were adjusted for the four clusters. Results: Risk factor clusters with two risk factors (dyads) and three risk factors (triads) were observed in 163 (34.7%) and 102 (21.7%) of the sample, respectively. Adolescents residing in urban areas (odds ratio (OR) = 3.55; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.45-8.73), whose father’s education level was lower (OR = 3.54;  95% CI = 1.24-10.10), whose mother’s education was lower (OR= 4.13; 95% CI = 1.27-13.51), who had restrictions on physical activity (OR = 5.41; 95% CI = 1.20-24.30) and who did not have a kitchen garden (an area where fruits and vegetables are grown for domestic use) (OR=4.51;95%  CI = 1.44-14.12) were more likely to have three or more NCD risk factors compared to their counterparts.   Conclusions: Clustering of NCD risk factors was prevalent in more than half of the adolescents. Efforts are warranted to reduce multiple risk factors, focussing on children of low educated parents and urban residents.

scholarly journals Prevalence and co-occurrence of lifestyle risk factors for non-communicable diseases according to sociodemographic characteristics among adults Chilean residents

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
María José Aburto ◽  
Dayna Romero ◽  
Leandro F. M. Rezende ◽  
Zila M. Sanchez ◽  
Cristian Cofre Bolados ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Risk

AbstractTo examine the prevalence and co-occurrence of lifestyle risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) according to sociodemographic characteristics in Chilean residents. A cross-sectional study based on data from 5995 adults from the Chilean National Health Survey. The lifestyle risk factors included were physical inactivity, tobacco consumption, alcohol consumption, low fruits and vegetable consumption, and overweight/obesity. The most frequent risk factor was overweight/obesity (75.6%), followed by alcohol consumption (74.8%), low fruits and vegetable consumption (51.7%), physical inactivity (36.3%), and tobacco consumption (27.9%). Only 1.0% of the participants did not present any risk factor, while 9.6%, 30.4%, 34.0%, 20.3%, and 4.7% accumulated one, two, three, four, and five risk factors. Men (OR 1.56; 95% CI 1.18; 2.04), people who have secondary education (OR 1.59; 95% CI 1.20; 2.10), and those with lower household income (OR 1.39; 95% CI 1.09; 1.59) had higher odds of three or more risk factors. Associations were inverse for older adults (OR 0.57; 95% CI 0.41; 0.79) and rural geographic areas (OR 0.77; 95% CI 0.67; 0.89). The prevalence of risk factors for NCDs is fairly high in Chilean residents. Interventions may need to target these co-occurrences rather than emphasizing individual risk factors for NCDs. Interventions could further consider these co-occurrences as a potential target for population stratification.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Insulin Resistance and the Associated Risk Factors in a Sample of 14–18-Year-Old Slovak Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 909
Author(s):  
Jana Jurkovičová ◽  
Katarína Hirošová ◽  
Diana Vondrová ◽  
Martin Samohýl ◽  
Zuzana Štefániková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Skewed Distribution ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Risk

The prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors has increased in Slovakian adolescents as a result of serious lifestyle changes. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of insulin resistance (IR) and the associations with cardiometabolic and selected lifestyle risk factors in a sample of Slovak adolescents. In total, 2629 adolescents (45.8% males) aged between 14 and 18 years were examined in the study. Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure (BP), and resting heart rate were measured; fasting venous blood samples were analyzed; and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)-insulin resistance (IR) was calculated. For statistical data processing, the methods of descriptive and analytical statistics for normal and skewed distribution of variables were used. The mean HOMA-IR was 2.45 ± 1.91, without a significant sex differences. IR (cut-off point for HOMA-IR = 3.16) was detected in 18.6% of adolescents (19.8% males, 17.6% females). IR was strongly associated with overweight/obesity (especially central) and with almost all monitored cardiometabolic factors, except for total cholesterol (TC) and systolic BP in females. The multivariate model selected variables such as low level of physical fitness, insufficient physical activity, breakfast skipping, a small number of daily meals, frequent consumption of sweetened beverages, and low educational level of fathers as significant risk factors of IR in adolescents. Recognizing the main lifestyle risk factors and early IR identification is important in terms of the performance of preventive strategies. Weight reduction, regular physical activity, and healthy eating habits can improve insulin sensitivity and decrease the incidence of metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD).

scholarly journals Patterns of multiple lifestyle risk factors and their link to mental health in the German adult population: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. e022184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefine Atzendorf ◽  
Christian Apfelbacher ◽  
Elena Gomes de Matos ◽  
Ludwig Kraus ◽  
Daniela Piontek
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Unhealthy Diet ◽  
Lifestyle Risk ◽  
German Adult

ObjectivesLifestyle risk factors, such as drinking or unhealthy diet, can expotentiate detrimental health effects. Therefore, it is important to investigate multiple lifestyle risk factors instead of single ones. The study aims at: (1) identifying patterns of lifestyle risk factors within the adult general population in Germany and (2) examining associations between the extracted patterns and external factors.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingGeneral German adult population (aged 18–64 years).ParticipantsParticipants of the 2015 Epidemiological Survey of Substance Abuse (n=9204).Primary outcome measuresLifestyle risk factors (daily smoking, at-risk alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet, low physical activity, weekly use of pharmaceuticals, as well as consumption of cannabis and other illicit drugs).ResultsA latent class analysis was applied to identify patterns of lifestyle risk factors, and a multinomial logistic regression was carried out to examine associations between the extracted classes and external factors. A total of four classes were extracted which can be described as healthy lifestyle (58.5%), drinking lifestyle (24.4%), smoking lifestyle (15.4%) and a cumulate risk factors lifestyle (1.7%). Individuals who were male, at younger age and single as well as individuals with various mental health problems were more likely to show multiple lifestyle risk factors.ConclusionsHealthcare professionals should be aware of correlations between different lifestyle risk factors as well as between lifestyle risk groups and mental health. Health promotion strategies should further focus especially on younger and single men.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Insulin Resistance and the Associated Risk Factors in a Sample of 14–18-Year-Old Slovak Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Jurkovicova ◽  
Katarina Hirosova ◽  
Diana Vondrova ◽  
Martin Samohyl ◽  
Zuzana Stefanikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Risk

The prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors has increased in Slovakian adolescents as a result of serious lifestyle changes. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of insulin resistance (IR) and the associations with cardiometabolic and selected lifestyle risk factors in a sample of Slovak adolescents. In total, 2,629 adolescents (45.8% males) aged between 14 and 18 years were examined in the study. Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, and resting heart rate were measured, fasting venous blood samples were analysed, and HOMA-IR was calculated. The mean HOMA-IR was 2.45&plusmn;1.91 without a significant intersexual difference. IR (cut-off point for HOMA-IR=3.16) was detected in 18.6% of adolescents (19.8% males, 17.6% females). IR was strongly associated with overweight/obesity (especially central) and with almost all monitored cardiometabolic factors, except for TC and systolic BP in females. The multivariate model selected variables such as low level of physical fitness, insufficient physical activity, breakfast skipping, a small number of daily meals, frequent consumption of sweetened beverages, and low educational level of fathers as the significant risk factors of IR in adolescents. Recognizing the main lifestyle risk factors and early IR identification is important in terms of the performance of preventive strategies. Weight reduction, regular physical activity, and healthy eating habits can improve insulin sensitivity and decrease the incidence of metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and CVD in adulthood.

Population-attributable risks for modifiable lifestyle factors and breast cancer in New Zealand women.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (26_suppl) ◽  
pp. 15-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
High Alcohol ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Risk ◽  
Modifiable Lifestyle Factors ◽  
High Alcohol Intake

15 Background: Breast cancer is an important cause of illness and death in New Zealand women. It is the most commonly registered cancer in women, and the second most common cause of cancer death in women. In 2009, 2,759 women were diagnosed with breast cancer and 658 women died from breast cancer. The incidence of breast cancer is projected to stabilise in New Zealand, but the actual number of women diagnosed with breast cancer will increase because of the increasing proportion of older people and increasing size of the population. Methods: Estimates of the magnitude of modifiable lifestyle risk factors for breast cancer (relative risks and odds ratios obtained from published epidemiological studies) and the prevalence of exposure in New Zealand were used to calculate the population attributable risk percent (PAR%) for each risk factor. The PAR%s show the relative importance of these risk factors, and give an indication of the potential impact of reducing the prevalence of these lifestyle risk factors on the incidence of breast cancer in New Zealand. Results: Six modifiable lifestyle factors were identified for breast cancer. These were obesity, lack of physical activity, high alcohol intake, oral contraceptive use, hormone replacement therapy (HRT), and delayed first birth. The PAR%s for these risk factors ranged from 1% for delayed first birth to 10% for obesity (16% for Maori women and 17% for Pacific women). Conclusions: The most important primary preventive strategies to reduce the risk of breast cancer in New Zealand are promoting lifestyle changes to reduce obesity, promoting regular physical activity (which may in turn reduce the prevalence of obesity), reducing HRT use, and avoiding high alcohol intake. A strategy to promote regular physical activity and reduce obesity could also have other benefits, such as reduced risks of cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

Abstract P259: Genetic Risk Score, Lifestyle Cardiovascular Risk Score, and Myocardial Infarction in Hispanics

Circulation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes Sotos-Prieto ◽  
Ana Baylin ◽  
Hannia Campos ◽  
Lu Qi ◽  
Josiemer Mattei
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Genetic Risk Score ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Score ◽  
Lifestyle Risk

Background: A genetic risk score (GRS) and a lifestyle cardiovascular risk score (LCRS) have been independently associated with myocardial infarction (MI) in Hispanics. However, it is unknown if there is an interaction or a joint association between these scores. Objectives: To assess the interactive and joint associations between a GRS and a LCRS, as well as each individual lifestyle risk factor on the likelihood of MI. Methods: Data included 1534 Costa Rican adults with nonfatal acute MI and 1534 without MI participating in a case-control study. The GRS was calculated by summing the number of the top three MI-associated risk alleles. The LCRS was calculated using the estimated coefficients as weights for each lifestyle risk factors (diet, physical activity, smoking, waist:hip ratio, low or high alcohol intake, and low socioeconomic status). Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR), adjusting for age, sex, and area of residence (matching condition), and to test for interaction and joint association. Results: The multivariable OR for MI was 1.14 (95% CI 1.07, 1.22) per GRS unit and 2.72 (2.33, 3.91) per LCRS unit. Participants in the highest tertile of the GRS and highest tertile of the LCRS had higher odds of MI (5.43 [3.80, 7.76]) compared to those in the lowest category. A significant joint association was detected (p <0.0001), while the interaction term was non-significant (p=0.44). Similar results were found for the joint association between GRS and each individual lifestyle component: joint odds for highest risk category vs. lowest was 2.16 (1.53, 3.04) for diet, 1.85 (1.33, 2.59) for physical activity, 3.31 (2.45, 4.48) for smoking, 1.32 (0.92, 1.89) for alcohol, 2.84 (1.82, 4.42) for waist:hip ratio, and 1.86 (1.29, 2.69) for socioeconomic status. Conclusion: Although lifestyle risk factors and genetics contribute independently and in combination to the odds of MI, lifestyle risk factors were stronger among Costa Ricans. Efforts to improve lifestyle behaviors in this population, regardless of genetic susceptibility, may help prevent MI and related heart conditions.

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