Age-appropriate feeding practices and their association with undernutrition among children aged 6–23 months in aspirational districts of India: a multinomial analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Itishree Pradhan ◽  
Binayak Kandapan ◽  
Jalandhar Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Child Undernutrition ◽  
Age Appropriate ◽  
Development Goals

Abstract ‘Health and nutrition’ is one among the five areas covered by the Aspirational District Programme in India, which aims to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The reduction of undernutrition in under-five children has remained a major focus of the SDGs, especially at the ages of 6–23 months as this affects child development. This study used National Family Health Survey 2015–16 data to examine appropriate feeding practices and their associations with undernutrition among children aged 6–23 months in the 124 aspirational districts of India. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to analyse the association between feeding practices and undernutrition, adjusting for covariates. A total of 13,851 children aged 6–23 months were included in the analysis. Child nutritional outcomes, and children receiving the recommended minimum dietary diversity (MDD), minimum meal frequency (MMF) and minimum acceptable diet (MAD), were poorer in the aspirational compared with non-aspirational districts. However, the proportions of children who continued to breastfed, i.e. currently breastfeeding and the proportion of children who were receiving appropriate breastfeeding, i.e. receiving complementary feeding, in addition to breast milk, were higher in the aspirational districts. Appropriate breastfeeding and MDD were found to be associated negatively with undernutrition. While the continuation of breastfeeding increased the odds of children being undernourished, appropriate breastfeeding lowered the odds. The significant predictors of undernourishment among the study children were the child being male, of higher birth order, older and of smaller than average birth size; mother’s lower educational level, mother’s lower BMI of mothers and being a teenage mother; and poor household drinking water, sanitation facilities and lower economic status. This study suggests that educating mothers, especially illiterate and poor mothers, about appropriate breastfeeding and dietary diversity could help prevent and reduce child undernutrition in the aspirational districts of India.

scholarly journals HOUSEHOLDS AND LIVING ARRANGEMENTS OF OLDER PERSONS AROUND THE WORLD

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S806-S806
Author(s):  
Yumiko Kamiya ◽  
Yumiko Kamiya ◽  
Sara Hertog
Keyword(s):  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Unique Data ◽  
Development Goals

Abstract The household living arrangements of older persons – whether living alone, with a spouse or partner, with their children or in multi-generational households – can be an important factor associated with their health, economic status and overall well-being. Understanding the patterns and trends in older persons’ living arrangements is thus relevant for global efforts to achieve the sustainable development goals, in particular those targeting poverty, hunger and health. The United Nations Database on the Households and Living Arrangements of Older Persons 2018 presents evidence drawn from 672 unique data sources, including census and survey microdata samples archived at IPUMS-International and household rosters from Demographic and Health Surveys, among other sources. The resulting dataset describes older persons’ households across 147 countries or areas, representing approximately 97 per cent of persons aged 60 or over globally.

DETERMINANTS OF CHRONIC MALNUTRITION AMONG PRESCHOOL CHILDREN IN BANGLADESH

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
AZIZUR RAHMAN ◽  
SOMA CHOWDHURY
Keyword(s):  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Place Of Delivery ◽  
Community Factors ◽  
Chronic Malnutrition ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Household Economic Status ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Significant Factors

Summary.This study investigated the impact of some socioeconomic, demographic and health and community factors on chronic malnutrition or stunting in Bangladeshi children aged less than 5 years. The analysis revealed that the overall prevalence of stunting was 44%, of which 18% of children were severely stunted, and the demographic characteristics appeared to be the most significant factors for chronic malnutrition. Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that parents’ education, household economic status, media exposure, number of under-5 children, place of delivery, child’s age, birth order, months of breast-feeding, birth size, mother’s BMI, mother’s height, age of household head, measles vaccine, supplementation of diet with liquids and regional differentials were significantly associated with severe as well as moderate stunting.

scholarly journals Food Security and Its Association with Socioeconomic Status and Diet Diversity in Free Living Elderly in Tehran, Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Pourebrahim ◽  
Nasrin Omidvar ◽  
Arezoo Rezazadeh ◽  
Hassan Eini-Zinab ◽  
Pedram Shirani
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Diet Diversity ◽  
Socio Economic Status

Abstract Backgrounds: Food security is one of the most important factors affecting food access and diet diversity. Older age is a period when adequate and diverse dietary intake is a challenge and there is a high risk for malnutrition. This study aimed to investigate the association between food security, dietary diversity and socioeconomic factors among the free-living elderly in the city of Tehran. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 583 elderlies (279 men and 304 women) aged 60–80 years were selected through clustered systematic multi-stage sampling method from 10 districts of Tehran city. Food security status of the subjects was determined using locally validated version of the United States Household Food Security Survey Module )US-HFSSM( questionnaire. Socio-economic status was assessed by a questionnaire. Dietary intake of the subjects was evaluated using two 24-hour recalls (one weekday and one week-end) through face-to-face interviews. Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) was calculated using the FAO 2010 guideline. Multinomial logistic regression was applied for the analysis. Results The average age of participants was 67.87 ± 5.86 years. Based on US-HFSSM, 56.9% of the elderly were food secure; while 25.7%, 14.2% and 3.2% suffered from food insecurity (FI) without hunger, with moderate hunger, and with severe hunger, respectively. There was no association between FI and DDS, even after controlling for confounders. Multinomial logistic regression models suggested that after adjusting for age and gender, being illiterate increased the possibility of different levels of food insecurity [(OR = 3.107, 95% CI = 1.672–5.775), (OR = 2.736, 95% CI = 1.261–5.935) and (OR = 6.193, 95% CI = 1.368–28.039)], respectively. Also, FI with mild hunger was associated with total household income (OR = 2.744, 95% CI = 1.100-6.846), while FI with severe hunger was significantly associated with Fars ethnicity (OR = 0.146, 95% CI = 0.051–0.424). Conclusions Overall, socio-economic status and demographic characteristics were the predictors of FI among the elderly, while DDS was not associated with FI.

scholarly journals Update on the Nutrition Situation in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. S63-S74
Author(s):  
Henrietta Nkechi Ene-Obong ◽  
Yetunde Ezinwanyi Alozie ◽  
Salisu Maiwada Abubakar ◽  
Lilian Chinelo Aburime ◽  
Oluwatosin Olushola Leshi
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Child Feeding ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Young Child Feeding ◽  
Development Agenda ◽  
Child Feeding Practices ◽  
Infant And Young Child ◽  
Development Goals

Background: The role of adequate nutrition in national and human development has been recognized; hence nutrition has become one of the global development agenda. This has led to the setting up of global goals and targets of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Nigeria, with other nations in African have been making efforts towards the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Aim: This review is aimed at providing update on the nutrition situation in Nigeria with a view to providing recommendations for addressing gaps and barriers that may hinder progress. Materials and methods: Desk review was carried out. Information was obtained from the most recent published national and sub-national surveys, country profiles, reports from ministries and development agencies and individual researches from universities and research institutions. Results: There is limited data to adequately assess the nutrition situation in Nigeria. Despite all the efforts, most of the nutritional indices are below global averages. Nigeria has a stunting rate of 37%, the second highest in the world. Non-communicable diseases are also emerging rapidly as a result of poor intake of foods and dietary components. The high prevalence of malnutrition in all its forms can be attributed to food insecurity, poor infant and young child feeding practices, low socio-economic status, corruption and poor governance, to mention a few. Conclusion: Nigeria is still struggling to meet the 2030 nutrition targets; however, there are opportunities to accelerate progress in tackling malnutrition in all its forms. Keywords: Nutrition situation, malnutrition, dietary intake, food insecurity, Nigeria.

scholarly journals Healthy and Sustainable Territories: health care strategies for rural black population in Caruaru/Pernambuco

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (131) ◽  
pp. 1017-1032
Author(s):  
Thaís Cecília dos Santos Brito ◽  
Bianca Cardoso Peixinho ◽  
Juliana Camargo de Faria Pirró ◽  
Rosane Suellen de Oliveira ◽  
Polyana Loureiro Ferreira de Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Group Intervention ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Black Population ◽  
Care Process ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Racial Inequalities ◽  
Development Goals

ABSTRACT The socio-historical process in Brazil is crossed by racism and the agrarian issues, as both are part of the same structural dimension. Thus, the understanding of racism is essential to apprehend the social determination process of racial inequalities in health. This action research had as general objective to analyze the interference of racism in the health-disease-care process of rural black families and, more specifically, to describe the children’s group intervention activities. Primary data were used: field diaries and other documents prepared by the Resident Team; and secondary data: the Participatory Rural Appraisal as a tool of systematization in territorialization. This shared action between professionals residents in Family Health Care and settlement dwellers, located in Caruaru (PE), was developed from the popular health education focusing on health promotion and facing racism as a transversal axis. In this sense, the Family Health team is a powerful tool for promoting Healthy and Sustainable Territories by confronting racism in its non-biocentered issues, with the use of low technology, transdisciplinary, strengthening black identities and building health as recommended in health policies and the Sustainable Development Goals.

scholarly journals Social and somatic determinants of underweight, overweight and obesity at 5 years of age: a Norwegian regional cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. e014548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilde Mjell Donkor ◽  
Jacob Holter Grundt ◽  
Pétur Benedikt Júlíusson ◽  
Geir Egil Eide ◽  
Jørgen Hurum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis

ObjectiveTo identify associations between the weight groups underweight (UW), overweight (OW) and obesity (OB) at 5 years of age and exposures related to pregnancy, anthropometric measures at birth, sociodemographic factors, and family health, anthropometric measures and habits.DesignRegional cohort study.SettingOppland County, Norway.MethodsPregnancy data were obtained from a prospective perinatal register for children born in the county, and weight and height were measured by midwives at birth and by public health nurses at 5 years. Other information was obtained from questionnaires completed by parents.ParticipantsOf 1895 eligible children, current weight and height were obtained for all, weight and length at birth and information from parents for 1119 (59%) and pregnancy register data for 749 (40%) of the children. The significance of potential explanatory variables from descriptive statistics was tested in multinomial logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe prevalence of UW, OW and OB among participants was 7.8%, 10.6% and 3.5%, respectively. UW was associated with anthropometric measures at birth and those of parents, but not with sociodemographic or behavioural characteristics. OW and OB were associated with anthropometric measures of parents and siblings and with a variety of unfavourable social characteristics, lack of prolonged breast feeding, sedentary behaviour and dental caries, but not with current dietary habits. After adjustments, OW and OB were marginally related to birth parameters and diet and unrelated to physical activity, but significantly related to parental body mass index, low parental education and maternal smoking.ConclusionThe strong associations between sociodemographic and behavioural factors and OW and OB, but not with UW, may suggest that environmental factors are major contributing causes of OW and particularly OB at 5 years. These results may be helpful in targeting preventive measures against OW and OB.

scholarly journals Parent involvement in adolescents’ education: A case study of partnership models

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 1563-1581
Author(s):  
Sujarwo Sujarwo ◽  
Erma Kusumawardani ◽  
Iis Prasetyo ◽  
Herwin Herwin
Keyword(s):  
Parent Involvement ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Informal Education ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Social Economic Status ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Partnership Models ◽  
Children's Activities

Parent involvement has become very important in successful children’s education. The activities showing parent involvement can not be separated from lifelong education. Therefore, the focus of this research is was on non-formal and informal education in achieving one of the sustainable development goals. Then, this study described parent involvement activities in senior high schools as a model of partnership. This research was qualitative in nature, employing a case study method. The results of this study concerning parent involvement in the education of their teenage children could be seen from the forms of parental support they gave in their children’s activities either at school or at home. It is shown that in terms of parent involvement at school, parents from the upper – middle social-economic status gave more participation in the forms of funds and energy. From both activities, the researchers classified involvement patterns into three, namely habituation, academic involvement, and self-concept.            Keywords: adulthood, collaboration, informal learning, parent involvement, partnership

scholarly journals Maternal Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Complementary Feeding and Child Undernutrition in the Vakinankaratra Region of Madagascar: A Mixed-Methods Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasina Rakotomanana ◽  
Deana Hildebrand ◽  
Gail E Gates ◽  
David G Thomas ◽  
Fanjaniaina Fawbush ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Maternal Knowledge ◽  
Complementary Foods ◽  
Child Feeding ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Child Undernutrition

ABSTRACT Background Data are limited on how feeding knowledge and practices relate to child undernutrition in the highlands of Madagascar. Objectives This study assessed maternal knowledge and practices of complementary feeding and their associations with anthropometrics of children aged 6–23 mo in the Vakinankaratra region of Madagascar. Methods Knowledge was assessed using WHO recommendations on child feeding, and WHO infant and young child feeding (IYCF) indicators were used to evaluate feeding practices. Child growth was measured as length-for-age, weight-for-age, and weight-for-length z-scores using the 2006 WHO growth standards. A z-score less than −2 was classified as child undernutrition. Logistic regression models were used to determine associations between independent variables and outcomes. Focus group discussions among mothers and in-depth interviews with key informants were conducted; barriers and facilitators of optimal feeding practices were identified using a thematic analysis approach. Results Maternal knowledge scores regarding child feeding averaged 6.4 of 11. Better knowledge scores were associated with higher odds of appropriate complementary feeding practices before and after covariate adjustments. The proportions of children achieving the minimum dietary diversity (35.8%), minimum acceptable diet (30.2%), and consuming meat, fish, and poultry (14.1%) were low. Only consumption of iron-rich foods was associated with lower odds of underweight (adjusted OR = 0.3; 95% CI: 0.1, 0.7; P < 0.05). None of the IYCF indicators were associated significantly with stunting or wasting. Maternal attitudes about complementary foods, as well as mothers’ workload and very low income, were identified as barriers to optimal feeding practices. Maternal perceived benefits of giving appropriate complementary foods as well as their positive relationship with the community health workers were the main facilitators of optimal child feeding. Conclusions Integrated nutrition-sensitive interventions addressing these barriers while enhancing the facilitators are critical in promoting better feeding practices in the Vakinankaratra region.

scholarly journals Minimum Diet Diversity and Minimum Meal Frequency – Do They Matter Equally? Understanding IYCF Practices in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1012-1012
Author(s):  
Ayushi Jain ◽  
Muneer Kalliyil ◽  
Satish Agnihotri
Keyword(s):  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Meal Frequency ◽  
Child Feeding ◽  
Diet Diversity ◽  
Minimum Dietary Diversity ◽  
Nutritional Outcomes

Abstract Objectives Infant and Young Child Feeding practices, mainly, complementary feeding in children between 6 months and two years of age, is found to be sub-optimal and emerge as the weakest link in improving child nutrition outcomes in India. Minimum Acceptable Diet (MAD), comprising of two sub-indicator – Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD) and Minimum Meal Frequency (MMF), serves as an essential indicator to understand the diet adequacy pattern in children. The objective of this study was thus to investigate the role of MDD-MMF dyad in influencing the nutritional outcomes in children and its pattern across regions in India. Methods Data was obtained from the National Family Health Survey – 4 (NFHS-4) from the DHS Program website. The prevalence of MMF and MDD was calculated for 640 districts in India. The MMF and MDD were classified into three categories - high, medium and low based on equal percentile distribution of their prevalence range. Districts with high MMF and high MDD formed one cohort. Similarly, eight other cohorts were created based on their performance on MMF and MDD indicator. The prevalence of Stunting (St), Wasting (Wa) and Underweight (Uw) in children between 6 months and two years of age was then calculated for each of the nine cohorts. The districts were also mapped based on their cohort category to study the variation across regions in India. Results All three anthropometric indicators – stunting, wasting and underweight showed significant decline moving across low MMF- low MDD cohort (40% St; 26.2% Wa; 37.1% Uw) to medium MMF – medium MDD cohort (38.6% St; 23.8% Wa; 35.4% Uw) to high MMF – high MDD cohort (29% St; 15.5% Wa; 19.2% Uw). Second, the importance of minimum dietary diversity in improving nutritional outcomes was revealed, as opposed to minimum meal frequency, which shows improvement only when it reaches a certain threshold. Third, mapping revealed sharp differences across various regions in MMF-MDD pattern, especially in the states like Odisha, Assam and Andhra Pradesh. States in the central region performed poorly on complementary feeding indicators, specifically diet diversity. Conclusions The study highlights the importance of optimal complementary feeding practices in improving nutrition outcomes and the need to consider the regional heterogeneities while promoting IYCF practices in India. Funding Sources None.

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