Licensing by modification: The case of Frenchdenominals

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-426
Author(s):  
ÉRIC MATHIEU
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Head Movement ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
The Other ◽  
Positive Effect

The aim of this paper is to provide an analysis of the positive effect that modification has on the distribution of noun phrases in otherwise illicit environments. I focus ondenominals in French. By focusing on these nominals, whose distribution is altered by the addition of modifiers, the paper shows that modifiers can do much more than simply modify: they can change the syntactic and semantic status of a noun phrase. The licensing property of modifiers is an intriguing topic and has not been greatly discussed in the literature. I argue that modifiers can come to play the role of determiners in French as long as they are accompanied by a headde, which is the spell-out of a Cardinal head (see Lyons 1999). My proposal goes back to an old idea put forward by Damourette & Pichon (1911–1940) according to which, in modified contexts,defunctions as one half of the article while the adjective functions as the other half. More generally, articles in French are seen as dual entities comprising of a specifier and a head. In the absence of the determinerles, an adjective can raise to the specifier of CardinalP. This is achieved via phrasal rather than head movement.

Amharic Relatives and Possessives: Definiteness, Agreement, and the Linker

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel den Dikken
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Head Movement ◽  
Relative Clauses ◽  
Noun Phrases

Ouhalla's (2004) valuable discussion of relativized and possessed noun phrases in Amharic leaves a number of questions open. Foremost among these is the placement of the linker element yä-. Starting from an analysis of relative clauses and possessors as predicates of their “heads,” this article develops a syntax of complex noun phrases in Amharic that explains the raison d'être and placement of yä-, and also accommodates facts about definiteness marking and agreement in the Amharic complex noun phrase that have hitherto largely escaped attention or analysis. The analysis emphasizes the role of Predicate Inversion and head movement in syntax, and it confirms and extends the minimalist Agree- and phase-based approach to syntactic relationships.

Variation in the translation patterns of English complex noun phrases into Spanish in a specific domain

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Luisa Carrió Pastor ◽  
Miguel Ángel Candel Mora
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
The Other ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Specific Domain ◽  
Lexical Variation ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The One ◽  
English Noun

This paper focuses on a functionalist analysis of the patterns followed when translating specific texts from English into Spanish. The original texts are written in English and, afterwards, translated to other languages. In this process, lexical variation may appear. The main objectives of this study are to determine whether English noun phrases have different lexical equivalents when translated into Spanish and whether this depends on the position of the head in the complex noun phrase. Other objectives of this paper are, on the one hand, to detect the role of the head and modifiers in English complex noun phrases when translated into the target language, and, on the other hand, to determine whether the specificity of nouns could be the cause of variation. The answer to these research questions will be useful for translators, communication specialists and scientists who use English and Spanish to communicate.

scholarly journals Re-examining the relationship between the subject agreement morpheme and (in)definiteness in Northern Sotho

Literator ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mampaka L. Mojapelo
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Subject Position ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Northern Sotho ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Subject Noun ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Subject Agreement

The grammatical position of the subject noun phrase in Northern Sotho is to the left of the predicate. The subject agreement morpheme is a compulsory link between the subject noun phrase and the predicate. Scholars have examined the role of this morpheme from various perspectives. It is also extensively documented that the morpheme has dual functions. Its primary function is to mark agreement between the subject and the predicate. Its secondary function is pronominal, whereby it is co-referenced to some antecedent. This article reexamined the primary role of the subject agreement morpheme in Northern Sotho in relation to the interpretation of a subject noun phrase as definite or indefinite. This was accomplished by (1) revisiting existing works that are directly or indirectly linked to (in)definiteness and subject agreement, (2) analysing texts that may facilitate discussion on the issue, and (3) relating the findings from previous works to current analyses. The first hypothesis in this article was that when some class 9 subject noun phrases, denoting persons, agree with the verb stem by a class 1 agreement morpheme, the noun phrases are interpreted as definite. The second hypothesis was that although the subject position is considered predominantly topical and definite it may not categorically exclude indefinite noun phrases. Therefore some indefinite noun phrases may also agree with predicates by means of this morpheme.

scholarly journals URUTAN DAN BENTUK KONSTITUEN KLAUSA BAHASA PRANCIS DAN BAHASA INDONESIA

Diksi ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marliza Arsiyana ◽  
Pratomo Widodo
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Research Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Victor Hugo ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Object A ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Prepositional Object ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan persamaan dan perbedaan urutan dan bentuk konstituen klausa dengan memokuskan pada klausa transitif BP dan BI berikut frase nominalnya sebagai argumen dalam klausa. Sumber data penelitian ini berupa teks tulis, yakni novel Le Dernier Jour d’Un Condamné karangan Victor Hugo dan terjemahannya oleh Lady Lesmana dengan judul “Hari Terakhir Seorang Terpidana Mati”. Metode analisis data menggunakan metode agih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan urutan dasar klausa BP dan BI bertipe sama, yaitu verba mendahului objek. Perbedaannya pada sifat argumen objek. Pada BP objek berpreposisi termasuk dalam konstituen inti sedangkan dalam BI termasuk konstituen periferal. Pada BP, konstituen  Nod dan Np yang berupa pronominal berada di depan  verba, sedangkan dalam BI konstituen Nod dan Noi selalu di belakang verba. Pada tataran frase nominal, perbedaan terletak pada urutan modifikator demonstratif, dan pronomina persona. Pada BP sebelum nomina inti, sedangkan pada BI setelah nomina inti. Modifikator ekasilaba dan dwisilaba dalam BP terletak di depan nomina inti, sedangkan adjektiva yang lebih dari dua silaba, dan adjektiva yang berkaitan dengan warna, agama, dan verba partisif terletak di belakang nomina inti. Sementara itu, adjektiva dalam BI terletak setelah nomina inti.Kata Kunci: urutan dan bentuk konstituen, klausa, frase nomina, sintaks WORDS ORDERS IN FRENCH AND BAHASA INDONESIA CLAUSESABSTRACTThis research aims at analyzing the similarities and differences of the words orders and their forms in the transitive clauses and its argument, noun phrases, between French and Bahasa Indonesia. The research data resources are taken from written texts i.e.: The novel Le dernier jour d’un comdamné à mort by Victor Hugo and its translation Hari Terakhir Seorang Terpidana Mati by Lady Lesmana. This research uses “segmenting immediate constituent technique” to analyse the data. The result shows that French and Bahasa Indonesia have the same basic words orders in transitive clauses, i.e. verbs precede the object. The differences are found in the characteristic of the object. A prepositional object in French is categorized as the main argument, while in Bahasa Indonesia it is a peripheral argument. The position of Nod and Np constituent, which are pronominal, in French precedes the verb, whereas, in Bahasa Indonesia, they are always placed after the verb. Regarding the noun phrase, the differences are found at the position of demonstrative and possessive modifiers. Their position in French is placed before the main noun, while in Bahasa Indonesia after the main noun. The adjectives with one or two syllables are placed before the main noun and the adjectives with more than two syllables or the adjective related to color, religion, and participles are placed after the main noun. On the other hand, adjective in Bahasa Indonesia is always placed after the main noun.Keywords: words orders and form, clause, noun phrase, syntax

THE ROLE OF LOYALTY DIMENSIONS IN CUSTOMER ORIENTATION PROCESS FOR NEW ENTERPRISES IN TOURISM INDUSTRIES OF IRAN

2012 ◽  
Vol 01 (06) ◽  
pp. 143-151
Author(s):  
Mohammad Taleghani ◽  
Esmaeil Rajabi Choobeh ◽  
Seyyed Javad Mousavian
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
Customer Orientation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Orientation Process ◽  
External Variables ◽  
Tourism Services ◽  
Positive Effect

Many of tourism companies use internet websites as an important tool for marketing and sale of products or offering their services. To offer tourism services through internet successfully, it must be highly reliable and safe. The aim of this research is to study on effective factors on trust, satisfaction and loyalty of customers. In this research one structural equation modeling method has been used that investigate on relationships between external variables (efficiency and usability of transportation and transfer of products, security and transaction costs) and mediator and effective variables (trust and satisfaction) and also loyalty which are as a dependent variable. The results show that efficiency and high capability for transportation, transfer, expenses and security has a positive effect on the rate of trust in customers, which on the other hand, has affected loyalty of the customer as well. These results and findings show that satisfaction of the customers affects their trust which will have a significant role in formation of loyalty in customers and continuity of online shopping of tourism products and services.

Modification versus Complementation in the Structure of English Noun Phrases

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-266
Author(s):  
Alina Preda
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
The Other ◽  
Unified Approach ◽  
Core Element ◽  
The Core ◽  
English Noun

"Modification versus Complementation in the Structure of English Noun Phrases. Apart from its head, the core element around which all the other phrasal constituents cluster, the noun phrase may contain dependent elements effecting determination (which poses few taxonomical issues), modification or complementation (two functions notoriously difficult to demarcate). This article outlines the inconsistent ways in which reference grammars make the distinction between modification and complementation in the structure of English noun phrases, and offers a more unified approach aimed to solve the terminological quandary. Keywords: complementation, modification, premodifier, postmodifier, complement, the noun phrase "

The role of noun phrases in misunderstandings in Brunei English in ELF settings

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishamina Athirah ◽  
David Deterding
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Proper Noun ◽  
The World ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Main Factor

AbstractInnovative usage of noun phrases is among the most widely reported features of new varieties of English throughout the world and also in discourse in ELF settings, but its effect on intelligibility has not been extensively investigated. In an attempt to remedy this, ten conversations in English between Bruneians and people from elsewhere were recorded, and a total of 153 tokens were identified in which the non-Bruneians did not understand the Bruneian speakers. In twenty of these tokens, the grammar of a noun phrase may be one factor in giving rise to the misunderstanding, involving added or absent articles, innovative use of plurals, and the unexpected gender of a pronoun. Further analysis suggests that non-standard grammar was probably the main factor in just four of these tokens, two involving an added article before a proper noun, one with a spurious

Determiners and Bare Nouns

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-194
Author(s):  
Veneeta Dayal ◽  
Yağmur Sağ
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Kind Terms ◽  
Bare Nouns ◽  
Made In

Determiners and bare nouns raise questions about the interface between morphosyntax and semantics. On the syntactic side, the primary issue is whether bare nouns have a null determiner making all noun phrases structurally uniform. On the semantic side, the primary issue involves determining and deriving the range of permissible readings. Of primary significance are the availability of definite and indefinite readings for bare nouns and how such readings relate to the presence or absence of lexical exponents of (in)definiteness in a language. Further refinements include the special scope properties of kind terms versus regular indefinites, differences between singular and plural kind terms, number distinctions within the noun phrase, and the role of incorporation. We present the theoretical and typological advances that have been made in addressing these issues and identify which considerations are purely syntactic or purely semantic in nature and which considerations have implications for the interface.

scholarly journals The Role of „Handball At School” Program in Ability Development and Replenishment Training

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Anetta Müller ◽  
István Juhász ◽  
Eszter Boda ◽  
Melinda Biró ◽  
Zsuzsa Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Human Resource Development ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
The Other ◽  
School Program ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Stability Results

In Hungary the undisputable merit of TAO subsidy is realized in replenishment training, human resource development and development of sports infrastructure. The other important base of replenishment development is „Handball at School” programme managed by Hungarian Handball Federation. „Handball at School” programme was launched in relation to every-day physical education and we undertook the skills-building role of its impact assessment. A survey programme was organised by us in the autumn and spring semesters of 2015/ 2016 academic year aiming to prove that project has positive effect on aiming accuracy and performance stability results of pupils, as well as their precision of technical implemetation. 183 pupils were examined who had two sponge-handball lessons a week out of their 5 physical education lessons. When choosing the pilot scenes it was considered important to get Budapest, Easternand Western Hungary also involved. To examine aiming accuracy two tests were applied. One is „throwing at a target from throwing straddle without previous swing” performed by the pupils. The children were expected to hit the small box five times with right technical implementation meaning that it was done with lifted elbow. After the first implementation they were given some time to relax and the the shots were repeated five times again. The children were asked another task to perform, a similar one to the first, but it had to be performed from running up, that is they ran back from a line, took the sponge ball, ran back to the line and had to hit the small box again with lifted elbow. At this task several aspects were noted and measured again: the time needed for implementation, target accuracy and also whether the technical implementation of the throw was accurate. JEL Classification: I21, Z28

scholarly journals A Study of the Effects of Total Quality Management on Occupational Safety Regulations

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Selman Aksoy ◽  
Mehmet Kahraman
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Total Quality Management ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Manufacturing Enterprises ◽  
Safety Regulations ◽  
Positive Effect

The aim of this study is to determine the role of total quality management (TQM) in controlling occupational health and safety operations which is highly significant to enterprises. Data has been obtained by survey technique which is one of the initial collection techniques. A questionnaire with 34 questions used by Güngör (2008) earlier has been conducted. Data has been attained from the employees’ answers to the questions of the survey who work at two different machine-manufacturing enterprises. Enterprises have been chosen intentionally from those that one of them applies TQM and the other doesn’t. Data was analyzed by SPSS-20 software. At the end of the research, it has been revealed that the enterprise which implements TQM, has more regulations about occupational safety than the other enterprise which doesn’t implement TQM. In conclusion, it has been detected that the TQM applications have a positive effect on occupational safety regulations.

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