Growth Point Problems—the Case of Babelegi, Bophutatswana

1974 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian M. Rogerson
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Short Note ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Growth Point ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Space Economy ◽  
New Geography ◽  
Current Emphasis

Jobs and their location provide the key to an understanding of the contemporary thrust of South Africa's ‘separate development’ policy. Within the country's present space economy, dominated by the four metropolitan complexes of the Southern Transvaal, Cape Town, Durban, and Port Elizabeth, this policy seeks to mould a new geography of employment opportunity for the blacks of South Arica. In this process, public policy-makers are attempting to decentralise some economic activities, particularly in the manufacturing sector, away from the nation's metropolitan hubs, and concomitantly to promote new work centres in, or on the borders of, the designated ‘Bantu Homelands’. The current emphasis in the Republic is upon the generation of industrial employment for Africans at selected sites in these Homelands. This short note explores the immediate problems and long-term prospects of this policy with reference to the Bophutatswana growth point of Babelegi.

scholarly journals STATUS AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF METALLURGICAL PRODUCTION IN BELARUS

2018 ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
A. N. Savenok
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Scientific Organization ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Holding Companies ◽  
Metallurgical Production ◽  
Management Company ◽  
The Republic

A brief analysis of the status and prospects of development of metallurgical complex of the Belarus Republic is given in the article. Statistics of the structure of manufacturing sector by types of economic activities, including metallurgical production, in the Republic of Belarus as a whole and by regions is provided. It was noted that the largest share in the regional scale – 15.6% of metallurgy exists in Gomel region, due to the location of the main flagship of the Belarusian industry – the Belarusian steel works in Zhlobin city of Gomel region. Thanks to the systematic reconstruction and upgrading of existing equipment, introduction of advanced development in the field of metallurgical equipment and technologies OJSC «BSW – management company of holding «BMC» is dynamically developing in the coming years and it is planned to overcome the 3-million milestone in steel production and a threefold boost in productivity. The large-scale project of building a new bar mill with the capacity of 700 thousand tons of rolled products per year was completed in 2015. This production eliminated the strategic imbalance between the capacity of the steelmaking complex and related industries.The most important projects of the holding companies and the perspectives of further development of the holding «BMC» were described. The year of the science -2017began to JSC «BSW» with very significant event: OJSC «BSW – management company of holding «BMC» for the first time was awarded a Certificate of accreditation as a scientific organization.

Water Supply in the Republic of Serbia – State and Perspectives

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
Marko Langovic ◽  
Vojislav Dedjanski
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Current State ◽  
State Of Water ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Further Development

Abstract Water supply has pronounced priority, over other forms of water use. The term water supply includes the ensure of high quality water in general terms, for households, public needs and economic activities. The Republic of Serbia disposes with considerable underground and surface water resources, which are used for supplying, but it is required their rational utilization. The aim of this study is to show the current state of water supply on the territory of Serbia based on the analysis of the different indicators. One of the goal is to scan prevalent conditions and problems related to it and to propose optimal solutions. The survey includes an explanation of the long - term needs of the Republic of Serbia for fresh water (as well as share of different sources in the total water supply) and estimation of the possibility of satisfying that needs from available resources. On the base of that, there are adopted conclusions about basic directions of further development in the field of water management and water supply in Serbia.

scholarly journals Impact of Women's Economic Activities in The Republic of Congo from 1990 to 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 191-203
Author(s):  
Oba Dominique
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Republic Of Congo ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Second World ◽  
Status Of Women

Since the XXth century, and especially after the Second World War, particular attention was given to the status of women who for many years was overs had owed. These different events led policy makers at the international level as well as in different countries of the world to make courageous decisions globally in favor of women globally. These decisions have enabled women to take flight both by integrating socially themselves and by taking beneficial actions that could contribute to the economic and social development of their respective countries. On the economic level in particular, Congolese women exercise many activities related to their own initiative or to collective action, these different activities contribute to the economic development of the Republic of Congo. In the economic field, the man alone cannot ensure the development of the country, the Congolese woman also contributes to this development. 

scholarly journals Forecasting the main structural changes in agriculture of the Republic of Serbia

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 759-772
Author(s):  
Jelena Stanojević ◽  
Vladimir Radivojević ◽  
Tanja Stanišić
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Future Trend ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Agricultural Output ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Republic

Structural changes in agriculture, rural areas and regions, as well as in economic activities related to the production and trade of agricultural products, most often occur as a response to periodic changes in general economic and social conditions. In order to formulate effective policies and strategies, policy makers need adequate information about the main structural changes in agriculture. Therefore, based on the information framework of the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, the article primarily focuses on changes of agricultural output in Serbia, respectively changes in crop and animal production, and agricultural services. The research aims to analyze changes in the structure of agricultural output in the period from 2007 to 2019 in order to identify its future trend by applying the forecast function. The research results show that the agricultural production of goods and services will keep the positive trend with a dominant share of crop production.

scholarly journals Integrating forests and biodiversity in Nepal's National Adaptation Plan: A review and synthesis of knowledge stock on opportunities and way forward

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
G. Karki ◽  
B. Paudel ◽  
B. K. Uprety
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Concurrent Learning ◽  
Planned Adaptation ◽  
Forest Managers

Climate change brings lasting changes in forests and biodiversity together with the ecosystem services altering its ability to support present and future economic activities. Current forest utilization and preservation is based on how forests developed under past climatic conditions. Policy-makers and forest managers must accept that climate change is inevitable and from which forests and forest communities are significantly impacted globally and in Nepal also, sustainable forest management (SFM) is already based on many measures to adapt to climate change as planned adaptation will reduce vulnerability at intervened sites and will have long term impacts. However, many forest species will be adapting autonomously and society will have to adjust to the result. Adaptation requires planning for change so that a suite of options for the future but based on the present practice and knowledge is to be available whenever needed. On the foundation of concurrent learning, knowledge and experiences of National Adaption Program of Action (NAPA) process, the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process for forests and biodiversity will build medium and long-term adaptation strategies and plans with widely accepted objectives of future forests and biodiversity management. Banko JanakariA Journal of Forestry Information for NepalVol. 27, No. 2, 2017, page: 21-31

An integrated product policy decision framework

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
Teodora Obradovikj Grncarovska ◽  
Vladimir Dukovski ◽  
Manu Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Policy Decision ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Product Policy ◽  
Numerical Example ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Integrated Product Policy ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Republic

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to formulate an integrated product policy (IPP) framework for the Republic of Macedonia, taking into account unique circumstances faced by the country, particularly the mandatory transposition of European Union (EU) environmental legislation, limited country-specific data availability and the low level of environmental awareness. Design/methodology/approach – The proposed IPP indicators at EU level and the available indicators in Macedonian conditions were used in order to create a composite IPP index as a method of measurement of the level of IPP implementation in the country. Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) are used as a policy decision approach for IPP. The purpose is to evaluate what decisions (taken now and in the future) would lead to the best possible level of IPP implementation. The approach applicability for long-term policy planning is demonstrated using a simple numerical example. Findings – A stylized numerical example utilizing the composite IPP index and the MDP approach indicate that policy makers should focus not only on transposing the mandatory EU legislation related to IPP, but simultaneously work to raise public awareness of IPP and environmental issues, since this opens the door for more beneficial policy alternatives in the future. Considering the long-term consequences of actions taken in the present time should be an essential part of policy design, given the pervasive and long-term nature of the effects of IPP policy. It is also very important to revisit the assumptions at regular intervals and incorporate into this framework the new learning and data obtained with time. Originality/value – This IPP framework and quantitative policy decision approach, in spite of its limitations, is a valuable and informative guide for IPP policy makers in the Republic of Macedonia. By incorporating a long-term view, explicit measurement of progress towards IPP implementation and the consideration of possible future consequences of policy decisions made in the present, it should be possible to significantly increase the likelihood of successful IPP implementation and improve environmental outcomes than those obtained using more conventional approaches.

Inbound M&As in India: Issues and Challenges

2021 ◽  
pp. 0003603X2199701
Author(s):  
K. S. Chalapati Rao ◽  
Biswajit Dhar
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Risk Capital ◽  
Emerging Leaders ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Strict Scrutiny ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Domestic Companies

The economic reforms of 1991 drastically transformed India’s approach toward foreign direct investment (FDI). The focus has been on attracting increasingly large amounts of FDI. There were no regulations on mergers and acquisitions for two decades, and when they were finally introduced in 2011 under the Competition Act, 2002, they were rendered ineffective by setting high thresholds, providing exemptions, and by narrowly focusing on competition. As a result, major domestic companies as also emerging leaders were taken over. Many foreign companies gained strong hold in the economy without adding capacities. The domestic private corporate sector lagged far behind in various respects. Belying the expectations of the policy makers, it invested far too inadequately in research and development. This article argues that India should not continue its reliance on FDI to achieve the goal of creating an internationally competitive manufacturing sector. India should do more than establishing an FDI review mechanism. Cross-border acquisitions must be subjected to strict scrutiny by a specialized agency. Proactive and coordinated measures must be devised to encourage domestic enterprises. Special attention must be given to providing long-term risk capital.

Sinn Féin and the IRA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathew Whiting
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Sinn Fein ◽  
Peace Processes ◽  
British Rule ◽  
Irish Republicanism ◽  
The Republic ◽  
British State ◽  
State Responses

When Sinn Féin and the IRA emerged in Northern Ireland in 1969 they used a combination of revolutionary politics and violence to an effort to overthrow British rule. Today, the IRA is in a state of ‘retirement’, violence is a tactic of the past, and Sinn Féin is a co-ruler of Northern Ireland and an ever growing political player in the Republic of Ireland. This is one of the most startling transformations of a radical violent movement into a peaceful political one in recent times. So what exactly changed within Irish republicanism, what remains the same, and, crucially, what caused these changes? Where existing studies explain the decision to end violence as the product of stalemate or strategic interplay with the British state, this book draws on a wealth of archival material and interviews to argue that moderation was a long-term process of increasing inclusion and contact with political institutions, which gradually extracted moderate concessions from republicanism. Crucially, these concessions did not necessitate republicans forsaking their long-term ethno-national goals. The book also considers the wider implications of Irish republicanism for other cases of separatist conflict, and has significance for the future study of state responses to violent separatism and of comparative peace processes.

M. A. Ayuh. Made in Jamaica: The Development of Manufacturing Sector. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. 1981. xxii+128 pp.

1986 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-95
Author(s):  
Najam-us- Saqib
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Industrial Base ◽  
Johns Hopkins University ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
The World ◽  
Caribbean Country ◽  
Bauxite Ore ◽  
Made In

Jamaica, known in the world for her rich deposits of bauxite ore, is a small Caribbean country with an area of 10991 square kilometers and a population of just over two million individuals. This beautifu11and, which was described by Columbus as "The fairest isle that eyes have beheld" has developed a remarkably diversified manufacturing sector starting from a modest industrial base. Jamaica's manufacturing industry enjoyed a respectable growth rate of about 6 percent per annum during the good old days of the euphoric '50s and '60s. However, those bright sunny days ''when to live was bliss" were followed by the chilling winter of much subdued progress. The rise and fall of growth have aroused considerable interest among economists and policy• makers. The book under review probes the causes of this behaviour by analysing key characteristics of Jamaican manufacturing sector and tracing its path of evolution.

Pengaruh Financial Leverage terhadap Financial Performance pada Sektor Industri Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) Periode 2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-48
Author(s):  
Rivaldy Februansyah ◽  
Ika Yanuarti
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Debt Ratio ◽  
Financial Leverage ◽  
Coverage Ratio ◽  
Equity Ratio ◽  
Internal Fund

The manufacturing sector is one of the most dominant economic sectors in in achieving growth and development in Indonesia. It needs adequate fund to develop its business. The sources of fund are from internal and external. The firm usually optimized the usage of internal fund prior to external fund. The internal fund comes from equity while the external funds are from debt and stock. Debt is also known as financial leverage. There is a phenomenon that the usage of debt increased the firm’s financial performance, since interest on debt could lower the payment of tax (tax shield). On the other side, the higher the financial leverage the higher the risk of bankruptcy. This research aims to analyze whether financial leverage has an influence on financial performance in the manufacturing sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) period 2015. The method of analysis used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis. This research uses quantitative approach with a sample of 140 listed companies in the manufacturing industry. The firm’s financial performance could be measured by the financial ratios. Financial Leverage ratios are ratios that measure the ability of firm’s to meet its financial obligation and the level of usage debt as compared to equity. There are several financial leverage ratios that used in this research, such as Debt Ratio (DR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Interest Coverage Ratio (ICR), and Long Term Debt Ratio (LTDR). Financial performance indicates the ability of firm to generate profit and measured by Profitability Ratio. Return on Asset (ROA) is one of the Profitability Ratio. The statistical result shows that Debt Ratio (DR) negatively affect Return on Asset (ROA) and Interest Coverage Ratio (ICR) positively affect Return on Asset (ROA). Meanwhile, Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) and Long Term Debt Ratio (LTDR) did not affect Return on Asset (ROA). On the other hand, result shows that Debt Ratio (DR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Interest Coverage Ratio (ICR), and Long Term Debt Ratio (LTDR) affect Return on Asset (ROA) simultaneously. Keywords: Financial Leverage, Debt Ratio (DR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Interest Coverage Ratio (ICR), Long Term Debt Ratio (LTDR), Financial Performance, Return on Assets (ROA)

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