Parasitic copepods in the sea hare Dolabrifera brazieri (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia: Anaspidea)

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 793-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathryn L. Clarke ◽  
Annette Klussmann-Kolb
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
New South ◽  
Gill Tissue ◽  
Parasitic Copepod ◽  
Feeding Mode ◽  
Histological Techniques ◽  
Parasitic Copepods ◽  
Sea Hare ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Scanning Electron

The parasitic copepod, Alimeda orientalis, is recorded from the gill of the sea hare, Dolabrifera brazieri (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia: Anaspidea). Ten specimens of D. brazieri from a population on the coast of New South Wales, Australia were examined for the incidence of parasitism. Histological techniques and scanning electron microscopy were utilized to determine the feeding mode of A. orientalis and its effect on the host. Alimeda orientalis is a tissue feeder on the gill tissue, and damage caused by feeding and attachment is minimal.

scholarly journals The foregut of the Mysida (Crustacea, Peracarida) and its phylogenetic relevance

1998 ◽  
Vol 353 (1368) ◽  
pp. 559-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wulf Kobusch
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Histological Techniques ◽  
Ground Pattern ◽  
Neomysis Integer ◽  
Probable Function ◽  
Mesopodopsis Slabberi ◽  
Scanning Electron

The foreguts of the mysids Antarctomysis maxima , A. ohlinii , Hansenomysis antarctica , Heteromysis formosa , Mesopodopsis slabberi , Neomysis integer , Paramysis kessleri , Praunus flexuosus , and Siriella jaltensis were examined by maceration methods, histological techniques, and scanning electron microscopy. Their morphology, their connection with the midgut glands, and probable function are described and summarized. Previous stomach investigations on mysids and the results of the present study are tabulated; a list of foregut characters, common to all Mysida, is presented. The phylogenetic relevance of these characters within the Malacostraca, especially within the Peracarida, is discussed. Most features are inherited from the ground pattern of the Malacostraca or Eumalacostraca. The bulbous cardia with its dorsal fold, the armature of the lateralia, and the construction of the funnel region are apomorphies for the Mysida. The results suggest that characters of mysidan and other peracaridan foreguts might also be useful in the elucidation of the phylogeny of the Mysida and Peracarida, respectively.

Association between the ghost shrimp Trypaea australiensis Dana 1852 (Crustacea : Decapoda) and a small deposit-feeding bivalve Mysella vitrea Laserson 1956 (Mollusca : Leptonidae)

1998 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoff Kerr ◽  
Jamie Corfield
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
New South ◽  
Sediment Surface ◽  
Energetic Cost ◽  
Carbon Distribution ◽  
Intertidal Sediments ◽  
Feeding Mode ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Reducing Conditions ◽  
Deposit Feeding

The deep-burrowing species Trypaea australiensis and Mysella vitrea inhabit intertidal sediments of the Richmond River, northern New South Wales. Laboratory experiments indicated that a facultative commensal association may exist between the two organisms, because although the bivalves survived independently, their vertical distribution in sediment was significantly different in the presence of T. australiensis. Field observations indicated that redox potential and bivalve abundance in sediment are weakly correlated. However, the absence of strongly reducing conditions in the first metre of the sediment, due to T. australiensis burrow irrigation, may increase potential niche size for M. vitrea. Tank observations revealed no aggregation of M vitrea around the burrows. Feeding observations suggested that M. vitrea can feed either by collecting particles off the sediment surface or by interstitial pedal feeding; the latter feeding mode would allow use of shrimp burrows for feeding. T. australiensis alters organic carbon distribution in the sediment profile, concentrations being significantly higher in the lowermost regions where T. australiensis was present than in controls. Thus, enrichment resulting from the activities of T. australiensis may provide some reward for the energetic cost to M. vitrea of burrowing deeply.

scholarly journals Diet preferences of the Aglajidae: a family of cephalaspidean gastropod predators on tropical and temperate shores

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 1101-1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Zamora-Silva ◽  
Manuel António E. Malaquias
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Adaptive Radiation ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Trophic Niche ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
Feeding Mode ◽  
Dietary Specialization ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Scanning Electron

Aglajidae is a family of tropical and temperate marine Cephalaspidea gastropod slugs regarded as active predators. In order to better understand their food habits and trophic interactions, we have studied the diet of all genera through the examination of gut contents. Specimens were dissected for the digestive tract and gut contents were removed and identified by optical and scanning electron microscopy. Our results confirmed that carnivory is the only feeding mode in aglajids and showed a sharp preference for vagile prey (94% of food items). We suggest that the interaction between crawling speed, presence of sensorial structures capable of detecting chemical signals from prey, and unique features of the digestive system (e.g. lack of radula, eversion of the buccal bulb, thickening of gizzard walls) led aglajid slugs to occupy a unique trophic niche among cephalaspideans, supporting the hypothesis that dietary specialization played a major role in the adaptive radiation of Cephalaspidea gastropods.

The surface topography of Eudiplozoon nipponicum (Monogenea) developmental stages parasitizing carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 702-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iveta Hodová ◽  
Iveta Matejusova ◽  
Milan Gelnar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Gill Tissue ◽  
Free Swimming ◽  
Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Sensory Structures ◽  
Eudiplozoon Nipponicum ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractUsing scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the external morphology of all developmental stages (egg, oncomiracidium, diporpa, just fused juvenile and adult) of the parasite, Eudiplozoon nipponicum (Monogenea, Diplozoidae), from the gills of carp was studied. During the ontogeny, the tegument, tegumentary and sensory structures are subsequently developed. The tegument of free swimming oncomiracidium occurs in two types — the ciliated and non-ciliated with numerous uniciliated sensory structures. An attachment apparatus starts to form during the oncomiracidium stage. Further developmental stages are adapted to the environment of the gills. Tegumentary folds become more apparent later in development and assist to the parasite’s attachment. In connection with its reproductive strategy, the two morphological structures of diporpa (ventral sucker and dorsal papilla) appear to play important role. On the gills, two individuals need to meet and these structures mediate the fusion between two diporpae. The hindbody of adult parasite is highly modified for attachment. The haptor, folds and lobular extensions are most developed. The forebody is flexible and able to interact with host gill tissue via the mouth and associated mouth structures. The process of food intake of the parasite was discussed.

scholarly journals Gauchergasilus euripedesi (Copepoda, Ergasilidae) parasitizing different species of fish from two environments in southern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-298
Author(s):  
Moisés Gallas ◽  
Laura R. P. Utz
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Parasitic Copepod ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Patos Lagoon ◽  
Estuarine Area ◽  
Scanning Electron

The parasitic copepod Gauchergasilus euripedesi (Montú, 1980) Montú & Boxshall, 2002 was described from plankton samples and specimens found in four fish species from the estuarine area of Patos Lagoon, state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil. Later, one different fish species was reported parasitized with G. euripedesi in the same locality. Species of Astyanax Baird & Girard, 1854 (Astyanax henseli Melo & Buckup, 2006 and Astyanax lacustris (Lütken, 1875)) and Psalidodon Eigenmann, 1911 (Psalidodon eigenmanniorum (Cope, 1894) and Psalidodon aff. fasciatus (Cuvier, 1819)) were collected in two environments (Pintada Island, municipality of Porto Alegre and Itapeva Lagoon, municipality of Terra de Areia, RS) to investigate their parasites. The copepods found in the gill arches were counted, processed, mounted in permanent slides, and photographed using light microscopy, or processed for observation in scanning electron microscopy. Specimens of P. eigenmanniorum from Pintada Island, A. lacustris and P. aff. fasciatus from Itapeva Lagoon, were parasitized by G. euripedesi, with prevalences of 29.03% (A. lacustris), 10.34% (P. eigenmanniorum), and 9.68% (P. aff. fasciatus). Measurements obtained for specimens of G. euripedesi were similar to those found in the literature, except for egg sacs which were larger in the specimens examined in the present study. In addition to being the first report of G. euripedesi parasitizing species of fish (A. lacustris, P. eigenmanniorum, and P. aff. fasciatus), the results presented here also extend the known geographic distribution of the copepod species.

scholarly journals A Study of Wheat Roots Infected with Ophiobolus Graminis (Sacc.) Using Fluorescence and Electron Microscopy

1971 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 815 ◽  
Author(s):  
AA Holland ◽  
RG Fulcher
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
New South ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Wheat Roots ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Fluorescence And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Unusual Strain

Virus-like symptoms were observed on leaves of frangipani (Plurneria acutifolia Poir.) from several gardens in South Australia and New South Wales. The leaves showed chlorotic ringspots or mosaic and were often distorted (Fig. 1). As far as we are aware no viruses from frangipani have been previously isolated. This communica-tion is concerned with the isolation and characterization of an unusual strain of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) from frangipani.

A review of freshwater species of Diphyllobothrium with redescriptions and the distribution of D. dendriticum (Nitzsch, 1824) and D. ditremum (Creplin, 1825) from North America

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 2216-2228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Andersen ◽  
Hilda Lei Ching ◽  
Rolf Vik
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Freshwater Species ◽  
Histological Techniques ◽  
Diphyllobothrium Dendriticum ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Diphyllobothrium Latum ◽  
Scanning Electron

Plerocercoids of Diphyllobothrium were studied from fish samples representing eight species of salmonids from British Columbia, Wyoming, Quebec, and Maine. Adults were studied mainly from experimental infections of golden hamsters, Mesocricetus auratus (Waterhouse). Using scanning electron microscopy and histological techniques, the plerocercoids and adults were identified as Diphyllobothrium dendriticum or Diphyllobothrium ditremum. Morphological comparisons were made with European specimens of these two species and those of Diphyllobothrium latum (Linnaeus, 1758). Among the nine freshwater species reviewed, Diphyllobothrium cordiceps (Leidy, 1872), Diphyllobothrium sebago (Ward, 1910), and Diphyllobothrium ursi Rausch, 1954, are considered synonyms of Diphyllobothrium dendriticum.

scholarly journals Description of the glochidium of Margaritifera auricularia (Spengler 1793) (Bivalvia, Unionoidea)

1998 ◽  
Vol 353 (1375) ◽  
pp. 1553-1559 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Araujo ◽  
M. A. Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Histological Techniques ◽  
Oral Plate ◽  
The Family ◽  
Anterior Position ◽  
First Time ◽  
Margaritifera Auricularia ◽  
Scanning Electron

The glochidium of Margaritifera auricularia is described for the first time by using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and histological techniques. The larval mantle is formed by only two layers of cells; the inner one being much thicker, with microvilli. All cell masses of the glochidium are temporary aggregations that are the rudiments of organs of the subsequent juveniles which will be released after metamorphosis in the host tissues. In the glochidium there are three main masses of cells: (i) the muscle, which is in an anterior position; (ii) the oral plate in the centre of the larva; and (iii) the more ventrally and posteriorly situated ventral plate, or foot rudiment, flanged with lateral pits all bearing dense cilia. No rudimentary organs such as the pericardium, the kidney, the heart or nerve ganglia have developed. There are no visible hooks in the valve margins, but by using light microscopy we observed minute teeth covered by a rim of the periostracum. Near the margin of the shell there are two pairs of sensory hair tufts only observable by scanning electron microscopy. The glochidium of M. auricularia is the largest of the family Margaritiferidae and intermediate between the glochidium of the known species of this family and those of Unionidae.

Morphology and histology of the antenna of the male eastern spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Albert ◽  
W. D. Seabrook
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Histological Techniques ◽  
Male Antenna ◽  
Sensilla Trichodea ◽  
Female Antenna ◽  
Eastern Spruce Budworm ◽  
Sensilla Styloconica ◽  
Scanning Electron

The number and distribution and the morphology of the various receptors on the male antenna of the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), are described, using histological techniques and scanning electron microscopy. Receptors described include Böhm bristles, four types of sensilla trichodea, sensilla chaetica, sensilla coeloconica, and sensilla styloconica. Except for the sensilla chaetica, generally more receptors are found on the male than on the female antenna.

Parasitic copepods of the family Lernanthropidae Kabata, 1979 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida) from Australian fishes, with descriptions of seven new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4736 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-103
Author(s):  
GEOFF A. BOXSHALL ◽  
JAMES P. BERNOT ◽  
DIANE P. BARTON ◽  
BEN K. DIGGLES ◽  
RUSSELL Q-Y. YONG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Parasitic Copepods ◽  
South Wales ◽  
First Time ◽  
Subjective Synonym

The total number of species of Lernanthropidae previously recorded from Australian waters is 15 (i.e., one species each of Aethon Krøyer, 1837, Lernanthropodes Bere, 1936, and Lernanthropsis Do, in Ho & Do, 1985; 10 species of Lernanthropus de Blainville, 1822; and two species of Sagum Wilson, 1913), and all of these records are reviewed. We report here the presence of three species of Aethon. One species, A. garricki Hewitt, 1968, is reported from Australian waters for the first time and a new species, A. bicamera sp. nov., is described from the latrid, Latris lineatus (Forster, 1801) caught off South Australia. The genus Lernanthropodes is represented by a single species, L. trachinoti Pillai, 1962. We recognize Chauvanium Kazachenko, Kovaleva, Nguyen & Ngo, 2017 as a subjective synonym of Lernanthropodes and transfer its type and only species C. chauvani Kazachenko, Kovaleva, Nguyen & Ngo, 2017 which becomes Lernanthropodes chauvani (Kazachenko, Kovaleva, Nguyen & Ngo, 2017) n. comb. Lernanthropsis mugilii (Shishido, 1898) is reported here from Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758 sampled in Queensland and in New South Wales. The genus Lernanthropus is the most species rich and we report the presence of 20 nominal species on Australian marine fishes. This total includes six new species: L. alepicolus sp. nov. from Alepes apercna Grant, 1987, L. elegans sp. nov. from Atractoscion aequidens (Cuvier, 1830), L. gnathanodontus sp. nov. from Gnathanodon speciosus (Forsskål, 1775), L. paracruciatus sp. nov. from Protonibea diacanthus (Lacepède, 1802), L. pemphericola sp. nov. from Pempheris compressa (White, 1790), and L. selenotoca sp. nov. from Selenotoca multifasciata (Richardson, 1846). In addition, we report the presence of another four species in Australian waters for the first time: L. abitocephalus Tripathi, 1962, L. cadenati Delamare Deboutteville & Nuñes-Ruivo, 1954, L. microlamini Hewitt, 1968, and L. pomadasysis Rangnekar & Murti, 1961. After reexamination of the types of L. paenulatus Wilson, 1922 held in the USNM, we relegate this species to subjective synonymy with L. seriolii Shishido, 1898. Previous records of L. paenulatus from Australian Seriola species should be reassigned to L. seriolii. Lernanthropus ecclesi Kensley & Grindley, 1973 is recognized as a junior subjective synonym of L. micropterygis Richiardi, 1884, and L. delamarei Marques, 1960, which is based on the male only, is tentatively considered to be a junior subjective synonym of L. micropterygis. Males are described for the first time for three species; L. breviculus Kabata, 1979, L. microlamini and L. mollis Kabata, 1979. A member of the genus Mitrapus Song & Chen, 1976, M. oblongus (Pillai, 1964), is reported from Australia for the first time, on Herklotsichthys castelnaui (Ogilby, 1897) caught off Queensland and New South Wales. Finally, two species of Sagum were previously known from Australia and here we add three more. Two of the newly reported species were originally described as species of Lernanthropus but we formally transfer them here to Sagum as S. lativentris (Heller, 1865) n. comb. and S. sanguineus (Song, in Song & Chen, 1976) n. comb. The males of S. lativentris and S. vespertilio Kabata, 1979 are described for the first time. A key to the females of the 31 species of lernanthropids found in Australian waters is provided. 

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