The association between a priori and a posterior dietary patterns with perceived stress in women of childbearing age

AbstractMore than half of women in developed countries are overweight or obese. Studies show that 20–25% of women in the UK enter pregnancy as obese. Healthy diet patterns such as the Mediterranean diet (MD) are linked with lower adiposity among women of childbearing age. However there is evidence that maternal diet in the UK is poor and stress increases the consumption of saturated-fat, sweets, and energy-dense foods. There is limited evidence on dietary patterns and stress among women of childbearing age, therefore this study aimed to investigate the association.This was an anonymous online survey of female university students. The survey included: socio-demographic characteristics, physical activity, self-reported BMI and waist circumference. Dietary assessment was done via a validated 100-food item food frequency questionnaire and perceived stress via the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). The dietary data were compared to the a priori defined Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) and scored according to eight components (vegetables, legumes, fruit and nuts, cereals, fish, dairy products, meat and meat products, and the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fat). The scores ranged from 0 to 8 with MDS adherence groups being 0–3 low, 4–5 medium, and 6–8 high. Factor analysis was also applied on 11 food components (g/d) (the eight above plus eggs, potatoes, sweets and drinks) to reveal the latent major dietary patterns (DP) in the studied cohort.Negative binomial regression was used to examine the association between stress and the diet patterns, controlling for the socioeconomic factors, physical activity, marital status, BMI, and waist.One hundred twenty-three students (mean age 27.7 (SD 7.3)) participated. Participants had medium (n = 49) or low MD adherence (n = 48), with fewer participants having high adherence (n = 26). Stress was not significantly associated with MD adherence, but was positively associated with sweets intake (p = 0.03). The scree plot of Factor analysis showed that the number of factors generated by the analysis is three.Using minimum loading cut-off of 0.4, factor analysis revealed three latent diet patterns; the first (DP-1) contained: cereals, sweets and potatoes (comfort foods), DP-2 consisted: eggs, fish and meat (high protein) and DP-3 consisted of: vegetables, fruits, nuts, and legumes (vegan). Results showed a significant positive association between stress and DP-1 (p < 0.01). No association was found between other diet patterns and any other psychosocial and physical variables.Future well designed randomised controlled trials are needed to investigate further the relationship between perceived stress and dietary patterns in women of childbearing age.

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P3-07-02 - The association between a priori and a posterior dietary patterns with perceived stress in women of childbearing age

10.26226/morressier.5d5e5186bedcf39b7664985b ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Karim Khaled

Keyword(s):

Perceived Stress ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

A Priori ◽

Women Of Childbearing Age ◽

Childbearing Age

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The association between perceived stress and diet quality in women of childbearing age: A systematic review

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1017/s0029665120005480 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽

Author(s):

Karim Khaled ◽

Vanora Hundley ◽

Fotini Tsofliou

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Factor Analysis ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Psychological Stress ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Healthy Eating ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Women Of Childbearing Age ◽

Childbearing Age

AbstractPoor diet quality is a major cause of maternal obesity and associated with adverse metabolic effects for mother and offspring. Psychological stress can increase intake of unhealthy dietary choices (e.g. highly palatable, energy dense diet), but no study has investigated the association between stress and diet quality in women of childbearing age.This systematic review of the association between psychological stress and diet quality used the PEO (Population, Exposure, and Outcome) model.Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Sciencedirect were searched (October 2018 - January 2019). From 139,552 hits, 471 papers were screened, but only 8 studies met our inclusion criteria: English language, stress (exposure) measured in combination with diet quality (outcome), healthy women (18–49 years of age (population). Data extraction was determined by the PEO. Quality assessment used CASP tool for Cohort studies.The review included eight studies from USA (n = 6), Egypt (n = 1), and Iran (n = 1). The six cross-sectional and two longitudinal studies were published between 2011 and 2017 and had a total of 3,982 participants. Studies were heterogeneous in methods: three used food frequency questionnaires to assess dietary intake while the others used 24-hour dietary recalls. Diet quality was measured using different indices: Alternate Healthy Eating Index (n = 2), Healthy Eating Index (n = 2), Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Diet Index (n = 2), Dietary Quality Index- Pregnancy (n = 2), and Dietary Guideline Adherence Index (n = 1). Only one study used three diet quality indices. No study explored dietary patterns using factor analysis and other statistical techniques. Most studies used the perceived stress scale to measure stress; however, there were differences regarding the use of this scale to form a continuous or categorical variable (with varying cut-off scores) perceived stress, whereas no study reported biological response to stress. Outcomes also varied in direction of association; no association (n = 4), negative association (n = 3), mixed results (n = 1).This review is the first to systematically examine association between stress and diet quality in women of childbearing age; there was heterogeneity in measures of diet quality and study designs. Future studies that explore diet quality/patterns should include both diet indices and factor analysis and additionally measure biological markers of both dietary intake and stress.

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Standardising the measurement of physical activity in people receiving haemodialysis: considerations for research and practice

BMC Nephrology ◽

10.1186/s12882-019-1634-1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hannah M. L. Young ◽

Mark W. Orme ◽

Yan Song ◽

Maurice Dungey ◽

James O. Burton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sample Size ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

A Priori ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Future Research ◽

Wear Time ◽

Minimum Number ◽

The Uk

Abstract Background Physical activity (PA) is exceptionally low amongst the haemodialysis (HD) population, and physical inactivity is a powerful predictor of mortality, making it a prime focus for intervention. Objective measurement of PA using accelerometers is increasing, but standard reporting guidelines essential to effectively evaluate, compare and synthesise the effects of PA interventions are lacking. This study aims to (i) determine the measurement and processing guidance required to ensure representative PA data amongst a diverse HD population, and; (ii) to assess adherence to PA monitor wear amongst HD patients. Methods Clinically stable HD patients from the UK and China wore a SenseWear Armband accelerometer for 7 days. Step count between days (HD, Weekday, Weekend) were compared using repeated measures ANCOVA. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) determined reliability (≥0.80 acceptable). Spearman-Brown prophecy formula, in conjunction with a priori ≥ 80% sample size retention, identified the minimum number of days required for representative PA data. Results Seventy-seven patients (64% men, mean ± SD age 56 ± 14 years, median (interquartile range) time on HD 40 (19–72) months, 40% Chinese, 60% British) participated. Participants took fewer steps on HD days compared with non-HD weekdays and weekend days (3402 [95% CI 2665–4140], 4914 [95% CI 3940–5887], 4633 [95% CI 3558–5707] steps/day, respectively, p < 0.001). PA on HD days were less variable than non-HD days, (ICC 0.723–0.839 versus 0.559–0.611) with ≥ 1 HD day and ≥ 3 non-HD days required to provide representative data. Using these criteria, the most stringent wear-time retaining ≥ 80% of the sample was ≥7 h. Conclusions At group level, a wear-time of ≥7 h on ≥1HD day and ≥ 3 non-HD days is required to provide reliable PA data whilst retaining an acceptable sample size. PA is low across both HD and non- HD days and future research should focus on interventions designed to increase physical activity in both the intra and interdialytic period.

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Validity of dietary patterns to assess nutrient intake adequacy

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114509990547 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 101 (S2) ◽

pp. S12-S20 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Blanca Román-Viñas ◽

Lourdes Ribas Barba ◽

Joy Ngo ◽

Miguel Ángel Martínez-González ◽

Trudy M. A. Wijnhoven ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Factor Analysis ◽

Folic Acid ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Nutrient Intake ◽

A Priori ◽

Vitamin B ◽

A Posteriori ◽

Β Carotene

The purpose of the present study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature on the value of the methods used to assess dietary patterns for measuring nutrient intake adequacy in the population. Systematic review on Pubmed database up to April 2008. The search included specific key words and MeSH terms. No language limit was set. Only studies that compared food patterns with nutrient intake adequacy or nutrient biomarkers were included in the analysis. The search resulted in 1504 articles. The inclusion and exclusion criteria limited the selection to thirty articles. Nineteen studies evaluated the usefulness of the dietary patterns, eithera prioridefined (thirteen studies), or defined by factor analysis (four studies) or by cluster analysis (two studies), but only nine of them tested their validity (foura prioridefined and foura posterioridefined). Diet indices showed moderate to good validity results for measuring the adequacy of intakes for α-carotene, β-carotene, vitamin C, vitamin B6, Ca, folic acid, Fe and Mg. The factor analysis approach showed moderate to good validity correlations with the adequacy of intake of α-carotene, β-carotene, lutein, lycopene, vitamin C, vitamin B6and folic acid. Vitamin B12and vitamin E are the micronutrients with less probability of being adequately assessed with dietary patternsa prioriora posterioridefined. Diet indices are tools with fair to moderate validity to assess micronutrient intake adequacy.

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Availability and Quality of Physical Activity Resources in Neighborhood Parks for Pregnant Women and Women of Childbearing Age

Preventing Chronic Disease ◽

10.5888/pcd15.170411 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sophia S. Leggett ◽

Joan M. Wesley ◽

Anitha Myla ◽

Pamela McCoy ◽

Nicole Betson

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Women Of Childbearing Age ◽

Childbearing Age ◽

Neighborhood Parks

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Iodine knowledge is positively associated with dietary iodine intake among women of childbearing age in the UK and Ireland

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114516003925 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 116 (10) ◽

pp. 1728-1735 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

S. Maria O’Kane ◽

L. Kirsty Pourshahidi ◽

Kayla M. Farren ◽

Maria S. Mulhern ◽

J. J. Strain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Iodine Intake ◽

Women Of Childbearing Age ◽

Public Health Strategy ◽

Dietary Recommendations ◽

Childbearing Age ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Poor Knowledge ◽

Health Strategy ◽

Infant Neurodevelopment ◽

The Uk

AbstractAdequate I intake is important before conception and during pregnancy for optimal infant neurodevelopment. Recent studies have highlighted the prevalence of I deficiency in the UK and Ireland. It is possible that optimal I intake may be impeded by a poor knowledge of I nutrition. This study aimed to investigate I knowledge among women of childbearing age in the UK and Ireland and to determine whether a relationship exists between I knowledge and dietary I intake. Females (aged 18–45 years) were invited to complete an online questionnaire, which assessed knowledge of I and estimated dietary I intake using a FFQ. A total of 520 females of childbearing age completed the study. I knowledge was poor; only one-third (32 %) of the participants correctly identified pregnancy as the most important stage of the lifecycle for I, and 41 % of participants could not correctly identify any health problem related to I deficiency. The median daily I intake was estimated as 152 µg/d. Almost half (46 %) of the participants failed to meet dietary recommendations (140 µg/d) for I. A higher dietary I intake was positively associated with greater I knowledge (r 0·107; P=0·016). This study suggests that knowledge of I nutrition is low among women of childbearing age, and those with a greater knowledge of I nutrition had a higher dietary I intake. Initiatives to educate women of childbearing age on the importance of I nutrition should be considered as part of a larger public health strategy to address I deficiency.

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Asthma control in pregnancy is associated with pre-conception dietary patterns

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980015001226 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 332-338 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Jessica A Grieger ◽

Luke E Grzeskowiak ◽

Lisa G Wood ◽

Vicki L Clifton

Keyword(s):

Asthma Control ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Saturated Fat ◽

Whole Grains ◽

Monounsaturated Fat ◽

Uncontrolled Asthma ◽

High Fat ◽

Childbearing Age ◽

Cross Sectional

AbstractObjectiveTo examine pre-conception dietary patterns in pregnant asthmatic women and to identify associations between maternal diet and asthma control during pregnancy.DesignCross-sectional study. Pre-conception food frequency data were collected retrospectively. Asthma control was assessed using the Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines. Dietary patterns were derived using factor analysis. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to test the association between uncontrolled asthma and each dietary pattern (Z-score), with values presented as odds ratio and 95 % confidence interval.SettingAntenatal clinic in a tertiary hospital, Adelaide, Australia, May 2009–July 2013.SubjectsOne hundred and fifty-eight asthmatic pregnant women.ResultsThree dietary patterns were identified: (i) ‘high protein/fruit’ (strong food group loadings for fish, meat, chicken, fruit); (ii) ‘high fat/sugar/takeaway’ (takeaway foods, crisps, refined grains); and (iii) ‘vegetarian-type’ (vegetables, fruit, soya milk, whole grains). A 1 sd increase in score on the high fat/sugar/takeaway pattern was associated with increased likelihood of uncontrolled asthma (adjusted OR=1·54; 95 % CI 1·07, 2·23; P=0·022). Women with uncontrolled asthma (n 115) had higher energy-adjusted intakes of saturated fat, monounsaturated fat, carbohydrate, sugar and fibre compared with women with controlled asthma (n 43, all P≤0·05).ConclusionsPre-pregnancy dietary patterns may influence maternal asthma control. Our work highlights the importance of achieving a healthy diet before pregnancy that is low in saturated fat, sugar and takeaway foods, and therefore higher in lean meats, poultry and fish, as well as fruits, vegetables and whole grains. A healthy dietary pattern should be encouraged in all asthmatic women who are of childbearing age, and should additionally be promoted before pregnancy and beyond.

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Determinan Kejadian Overweight pada Wanita Usia Subur di Kota Jambi

Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi ◽

10.33087/jiubj.v20i2.951 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 410

Author(s):

M Dody Izhar

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Family History ◽

Hormonal Contraception ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

P Value ◽

Women Of Childbearing Age ◽

Childbearing Age ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Poor Diet ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity

Overweight is one of the nutritional problems in Indonesia that will affect the quality of health. Increased prevalence of obesity is identified as being more at risk in the group of women as they age. As for other determinants including the use of contraception, food intake that is not in accordance with needs, lack of activity and family history. This study aims to determine and identify preventive measures against risk factors that may be a determining factor for overweight in women of childbearing age. This study was an observational study using a cross sectional design. Sampling using a multistage random sampling technique with a sample size of 276 respondents in the Simpang Kawat Puskesmas Work Area in Jambi City in 2019, the study was conducted in August 2018-July 2019. Data were analyzed using the chi square test (α = 0.05). The results showed that the prevalence of obesity in women of childbearing age was 35.5%, poor diet (50.4%), heavy physical activity (81.9%), no family history of obesity (80.4%) and use hormonal contraception (60.9%). Based on comparative analysis, it is known that a significant factor with overweight is eating variable (p value = 0.019), while other factors are declared insignificant namely physical activity; both mild activity (p value = 0.596) and moderate (p value = 0.216), family history (p value = 0.126) and use of contraception; both hormonal (p value = 0.485) and non hormonal (p value = 0.505). The conclusion of this study is the determinant of the incidence of overweight in women of childbearing age caused by poor diet and is not influenced by physical activity, family history and use of contraception.

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Fifteen-minute consultation: What do I do with a baby born to a mother with tuberculosis?

Archives of Disease in Childhood - Education and Practice ◽

10.1136/archdischild-2020-320002 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. edpract-2020-320002

Author(s):

Lynne Speirs ◽

Elizabeth Whittaker

Keyword(s):

Infectious Diseases ◽

Disease Burden ◽

Optimal Management ◽

Women Of Childbearing Age ◽

Limited Evidence ◽

Childbearing Age ◽

Expectant Mother ◽

Good Communication ◽

The Uk ◽

Paediatric Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a considerable disease burden, even in high-income countries such as the UK. In recent years, there has been a change in epidemiology with an increased incidence in those under 30 years old. This increases the proportion of women of childbearing age contracting tuberculosis. There is limited evidence around optimal management of the neonate who has been exposed to tuberculosis; however, we know that neonatal TB is fatal if untreated. It is therefore important to have a framework of how to manage the infants born to these mothers. Good communication between respiratory or infectious diseases physicians treating the expectant mother, maternity and paediatric teams is essential. Prompt assessment of the infant with input from paediatricians with an expertise in paediatric tuberculosis is essential.

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