Threatened flora and forest in the Azores

The authors visited the Azores in September 1986 to investigate the status of the archipelago's natural forests and the rare endemic trees they contain. They carried out intensive investigation only on the island of Pico, although they also worked on Terceira and Sao Miguel. These three are the only islands on which moderately large areas of forest are believed to remain.

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The first record of Melilotoides schischkinii (Fabaceae) from Amur Region, Russia

Botanica Pacifica ◽

10.17581/bp.2021.10104 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Marina N. Koldaeva ◽

◽

Valentina A. Kalinkina ◽

Galina F. Darman ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

First Record ◽

Amur Region ◽

The Status ◽

Rare Endemic

Information about a new locality of Melilotoides schischkinii (Vassilcz.) Soják (Fabaceae), a rare endemic to Amur Region, is provided in the article. The habitat of the plant and the status of its population in the region are described. The new locality is remote from the known range of the species, which significantly expands its distribution.

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The status and conservation of Jamaica's threatened and endemic forest avifauna and their habitats following Hurricane Gilbert

Bird Conservation International ◽

10.1017/s095927090000201x ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 135-151 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Nigel Varty

Keyword(s):

Protected Areas ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Natural Forests ◽

Severe Damage ◽

Term Survival ◽

Hurricane Damage ◽

Blue Mountain ◽

The Status ◽

Forest Regions ◽

Conservation And Management

SummaryDespite serious and widespread hurricane damage to the natural forests of Jamaica (43% of trees either toppled or with crowns broken in the John Crow Mountains, for instance), the populations of the endemic Ring-tailed Pigeon Columba caribaea, Crested Quail-dove Geotrygon versicolor, Black-billed Parrot Amazona agilis, Yellow-billed Parrot A. collaria, Blue Mountain Vireo Vireo osburni and Jamaican Blackbird Nesopsar nigerrimus appear to have survived Hurricane Gilbert well. However, the expected reduction in food supplies, notably for the frugivores, caused by the severe damage to many trees, coupled with continuing and in some cases increasing human destruction and disturbance of the forests, puts the longer-term survival of these species in some doubt. The establishment of functioning protected areas encompassing the key forest regions for these birds; upgrading and more rigorous enforcement of the legislation governing conservation and management of wildlife and the natural forests; and the control and improvement of agricultural practices around forest areas, would greatly help to ensure the preservation of the forest avifauna and are recommended.

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Assessment of status and threats of wild mammals in some selected locations of Dinajpur district, Bangladesh

Jahangirnagar University Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.3329/jujbs.v9i1-2.53704 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1-2) ◽

pp. 21-34

Author(s):

Md Amdadul Haque ◽

M Monirul H Khan ◽

Md Mofizul Kabir

Keyword(s):

Habitat Restoration ◽

Survey Methods ◽

Public Awareness ◽

Mammalian Species ◽

The Other ◽

Natural Forests ◽

Mammal Species ◽

Wild Mammals ◽

The Status ◽

Anthropogenic Threats

The status of mammals in Dinajpur district was studied from October 2016 to November 2017. For inventory and assessment of wild mammal’s belt-transect sampling, box trap survey, mist netting, night survey and questionnaire survey methods were used. A total of 22 species of mammals belonging to 11 families and 5 orders were recorded. Of the recorded species 8 were rodents, 1 hare, 1 shrew, 7 bats and 5 carnivores. Muridae appeared as the largest family containing 8 species. A total of 9 species (41%) were recorded as “very common”, 6 species (27%) “common”, 4 species (18%) “uncommon”, and 3 species (14%) “rare”. Among all the mammalian species, 41% (9 species) were nocturnal, 14% (3 species) crepuscular, 37% (8 species) metaturnal and 9% (2 species) diurnal. On the other hand, 55% (12 species) of mammals were terrestrial, 9% (2 species) arboreal, 32% (7 species) aerial and 4% (1 species) aquatic mammals. Of all the recorded species, 32% (7 species) were herbivores followed by 27% (6 species) carnivores, 5% (1 species) opportunists while frugivores and insectivores were 18% (4 species) each. About 19% (4 species) of the known species are nationally threatened comprising of Endangered (5%), Vulnerable (5%) and Near Threatened (9%) and Least Concern (81%). Based on the habitats, 14 species (64%) were recorded from forests, 7 (31%) from homestead vegetation’s and 1 (5%) species from wetlands. A good number of individuals (n=12) of the nationally threatened Bengal Fox (Vulpes bengalensis) were found in the study area and two mammal species, Indian Hare (Lepus nigricollis) and Large Indian Civet (Viverra zibetha) have been locally facing the threat of extirpation. The mammalian diversity in the natural forests (64%) was higher than that of the other habitats. Different anthropogenic threats, especially hunting by ethnic Santal people (frequency of observation 24 times, impact point 4), exist in the study area. The major proposed actions for the study area are habitat restoration, increase public awareness and conflict management. Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 9(1 & 2): 21-34, 2020 (June & December)

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Mapping Tree Species Using Advanced Remote Sensing Technologies: A State-of-the-Art Review and Perspective

Journal of Remote Sensing ◽

10.34133/2021/9812624 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-26

Author(s):

Ruiliang Pu

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Tree Species ◽

Method Development ◽

Hyperspectral Data ◽

Spectral Unmixing ◽

Airborne Lidar ◽

Accurate Information ◽

Natural Forests ◽

Future Directions ◽

The Status

Timely and accurate information on tree species (TS) is crucial for developing strategies for sustainable management and conservation of artificial and natural forests. Over the last four decades, advances in remote sensing technologies have made TS classification possible. Since many studies on the topic have been conducted and their comprehensive results and novel findings have been published in the literature, it is necessary to conduct an updated review on the status, trends, potentials, and challenges and to recommend future directions. The review will provide an overview on various optical and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensors; present and assess current various techniques/methods for, and a general trend of method development in, TS classification; and identify limitations and recommend future directions. In this review, several concluding remarks were made. They include the following: (1) A large group of studies on the topic were using high-resolution satellite, airborne multi-/hyperspectral imagery, and airborne LiDAR data. (2) A trend of “multiple” method development for the topic was observed. (3) Machine learning methods including deep learning models were demonstrated to be significant in improving TS classification accuracy. (4) Recently, unmanned aerial vehicle- (UAV-) based sensors have caught the interest of researchers and practitioners for the topic-related research and applications. In addition, three future directions were recommended, including refining the three categories of “multiple” methods, developing novel data fusion algorithms or processing chains, and exploring new spectral unmixing algorithms to automatically extract and map TS spectral information from satellite hyperspectral data.

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Marketing strategy of wood production in Palopo

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/886/1/012061 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 886 (1) ◽

pp. 012061

Author(s):

I Gautama ◽

A Vika Faradiba Muin

Keyword(s):

Swot Analysis ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Raw Material ◽

Economic Institutions ◽

Natural Forests ◽

Wood Production ◽

Level Of Education ◽

The Status ◽

Fierce Competition

Abstract In natural forest management, efforts are made to increase the types of products so that natural forests can provide all types of results they contain for the welfare of the community. The needs of the timber industry and in accordance with the needs of the surrounding community to increase the production of wood from forests, both from natural forests and plantation forests, are adjusted to the ability of the forest to produce sustainably. The research aims to formulate what can be done to increase sales of wood production in finished form at UD. X based on market conditions. The condition of the company, the physical condition of the area, capital, market, facilities, and infrastructure and are expected to be information material for UD. X in preventing the problems faced, especially regarding the marketing of wood for the future. The data obtained will be analyzed by tabulation and percentage accompanied by descriptive analysis. The data analyzed by tabulation are the number of supporting industries and economic institutions, while those analyzed by tabulation and percentage are the origin of the workforce, the status of the workforce, and the education level of the workforce. Furthermore, for the preparation of a strategic plan, the data will be entered into a SWOT worksheet. SWOT analysis shows several conditions such as SO: Utilizing the location of X UD, which is quite strategic, and the availability of manpower where the placement is in accordance with the level of education that can support increasing sales, other regions can help with the provision of raw materials, institutions economy which also helps in borrowing capital, the demand for frames is quite high, the existence of IHPK, the existence of transportation and other supporting facilities and infrastructure, as well as the opening of local and foreign marketing opportunities. ST: Taking advantage of the strategic location of UD X and the availability of manpower where the placement is in accordance with the level of education will be able to prevent increasingly fierce competition among trading businesses and with higher products. WO: Efforts to improve the location were not through the promotion of the lack of capital conditions, economic institutions that help in providing capital, raw material providers, opening up local and foreign marketing, availability of IHPK, high demand for frames, and availability of transportation facilities and infrastructure that support activities. To increase the trading business of UD X, an organizational structure should be formed so that all activities are not only regulated by the leader. It is better to do promotions either through print or electronic media because promotion is a tool that can increase sales results and volume.

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Conservation status of the rare endemic Centaurium tenuiflorum subsp. anglicum, English Centaury (Gentianaceae)

British & Irish Botany ◽

10.33928/bib.2021.03.161 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Elizabeth Downey ◽

David Pearman ◽

Tim Rich

Keyword(s):

Conservation Status ◽

Field Surveys ◽

Isle Of Wight ◽

Threat Status ◽

The Status ◽

Population Counts ◽

Rare Endemic

The status of the rare English endemic Centaurium tenuiflorum subsp. anglicum, English Centaury, has been assessed from field surveys in 2020 and compared against previous population counts. In Dorset, 16 populations with c.25,800 plants occurred and there was no evidence of overall decline. It was not refound in one site in the Isle of Wight. The IUCN threat status is ‘Least Concern’.

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The study of interfacial reactions of nickel thin films on GaAs

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100074616 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. 156-157

Author(s):

L.J. Chen ◽

Y.F. Hsieh

Keyword(s):

Thin Films ◽

Integrated Circuits ◽

Interfacial Reactions ◽

Metal Contacts ◽

Nickel Thin Films ◽

Thin Foils ◽

The Status ◽

Si Doped ◽

Electron Microscopes

One measure of the maturity of a device technology is the ease and reliability of applying contact metallurgy. Compared to metal contact of silicon, the status of GaAs metallization is still at its primitive stage. With the advent of GaAs MESFET and integrated circuits, very stringent requirements were placed on their metal contacts. During the past few years, extensive researches have been conducted in the area of Au-Ge-Ni in order to lower contact resistances and improve uniformity. In this paper, we report the results of TEM study of interfacial reactions between Ni and GaAs as part of the attempt to understand the role of nickel in Au-Ge-Ni contact of GaAs.N-type, Si-doped, (001) oriented GaAs wafers, 15 mil in thickness, were grown by gradient-freeze method. Nickel thin films, 300Å in thickness, were e-gun deposited on GaAs wafers. The samples were then annealed in dry N2 in a 3-zone diffusion furnace at temperatures 200°C - 600°C for 5-180 minutes. Thin foils for TEM examinations were prepared by chemical polishing from the GaA.s side. TEM investigations were performed with JE0L- 100B and JE0L-200CX electron microscopes.

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Fate of sperm membrane in fertilized ova

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100146047 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 51 ◽

pp. 40-41

Author(s):

Frank J. Longo

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Electrical Activity ◽

Sea Urchins ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Integrated System ◽

Electrophysiological Recording ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

The Status ◽

Sperm Membrane ◽

Temporal And Spatial

Measurement of the egg's electrical activity, the fertilization potential or the activation current (in voltage clamped eggs), provides a means of detecting the earliest perceivable response of the egg to the fertilizing sperm. By using the electrical physiological record as a “real time” indicator of the instant of electrical continuity between the gametes, eggs can be inseminated with sperm at lower, more physiological densities, thereby assuring that only one sperm interacts with the egg. Integrating techniques of intracellular electrophysiological recording, video-imaging, and electron microscopy, we are able to identify the fertilizing sperm precisely and correlate the status of gamete organelles with the first indication (fertilization potential/activation current) of the egg's response to the attached sperm. Hence, this integrated system provides improved temporal and spatial resolution of morphological changes at the site of gamete interaction, under a variety of experimental conditions. Using these integrated techniques, we have investigated when sperm-egg plasma membrane fusion occurs in sea urchins with respect to the onset of the egg's change in electrical activity.

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