scholarly journals First psychiatric hospitalizations in the US military: the National Collaborative Study of Early Psychosis and Suicide (NCSEPS)

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 1405-1415 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD HERRELL ◽  
IOLINE D. HENTER ◽  
RAMIN MOJTABAI ◽  
JOHN J. BARTKO ◽  
DIANE VENABLE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Active Duty ◽  
Early Psychosis ◽  
The Us ◽  
Active Duty Personnel ◽  
The Military

Background. Military samples provide an excellent context to systematically ascertain hospitalization for severe psychiatric disorders. The National Collaborative Study of Early Psychosis and Suicide (NCSEPS), a collaborative study of psychiatric disorders in the US Armed Forces, estimated rates of first hospitalization in the military for three psychiatric disorders: bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder (MDD) and schizophrenia.Method. First hospitalizations for BD, MDD and schizophrenia were ascertained from military records for active duty personnel between 1992 and 1996. Rates were estimated as dynamic incidence (using all military personnel on active duty at the midpoint of each year as the denominator) and cohort incidence (using all military personnel aged 18–25 entering active duty between 1992 and 1996 to estimate person-years at risk).Results. For all three disorders, 8723 hospitalizations were observed in 8120136 person-years for a rate of 10·7/10000 [95% confidence interval (CI) 10·5–11·0]. The rate for BD was 2·0 (95% CI 1·9–2·1), for MDD, 7·2 (95% CI 7·0–7·3), and for schizophrenia, 1·6 (95% CI 1·5–1·7). Rates for BD and MDD were greater in females than in males [for BD, rate ratio (RR) 2·0, 95% CI 1·7–2·2; for MDD, RR 2·9, 95% CI 2·7–3·1], but no sex difference was found for schizophrenia. Blacks had lower rates than whites of BD (RR 0·8, 95% CI 0·7–0·9) and MDD (RR 0·8, 95% CI 0·8–0·9), but a higher rate of schizophrenia (RR 1·5, 95% CI 1·3–1·7).Conclusions. This study underscores the human and financial burden that psychiatric disorders place on the US Armed Forces.

THE EFFECT OF THE RELIGIOUS FACTOR ON THE MILITARY MEN VALUE BASED ORIENTATION FORMING

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
ALEXEY ROMAKHIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Russian Army ◽  
Religious Factor ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
The Military

This article reveals the problem of the role of the religious factor in the formation of the value orientations of the military personnel of the Russian army from its inception to the present state. In the article, the author reveals the significance of the Church in the formation of the value orientations of military personnel. The problem of religious situation in foreign armies is considered. The article presents data from sociological studies confirming the increase in the number of religious servicemen in the modern Armed Forces. The concept of “religious factor” is revealed. The author suggests considering the influence of the religious factor on the formation of value orientations through the functions of religion. The article provides examples of the influence of religion on the formation of value orientations of military personnel from the time of the Baptism of Russia to the present. Examples of writers of Russian classical literature about the influence of religion on the morale of troops are given. Examples of religious participation in major battles and wars of the past years are shown. The significance of the religious factor in uniting the people and the army is shown. The work of officials of the Ministry of defense of the Russian Federation in strengthening values among military personnel in modern conditions is demonstrated. The role of the Minister of defense of the Russian Federation, General of the army S.K. Shoigu in strengthening the faith of the Russian army is outlined. Issues related to the construction of the Main Temple of the Armed Forces and its impact on the public masses were discussed. In this study, the author aims to show the significant role of religion in the formation of value orientations in Russian military personnel. The analysis shows an increasing role of religion in the minds of military personnel in modern conditions.

scholarly journals Helminth infections in the US military: from strongyloidiasis to schistosomiasis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa R Lindrose ◽  
Indrani Mitra ◽  
Jamie Fraser ◽  
Edward Mitre ◽  
Patrick W Hickey
Keyword(s):  
Military Personnel ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Data Repository ◽  
Military Health ◽  
Intestinal Nematode ◽  
Us Military ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
The Us ◽  
East And Southeast Asia ◽  
The Military

Abstract Background Helminth infections caused by parasitic worms, including nematodes (roundworms), cestodes (tapeworms) and trematodes (flukes), can cause chronic symptoms and serious clinical outcomes if left untreated. The US military frequently conducts activities in helminth-endemic regions, particularly Africa, the Middle East and Southeast Asia. However, the military does not currently screen for these infections, and to date, no comprehensive surveillance studies have been completed to assess the frequency of helminth diagnoses in the military personnel and their families. Methods To determine the burden of helminth infections in the US Military Health System (MHS), we conducted a retrospective analysis of International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9/10 diagnosis codes from all medical encounters in the MHS Data Repository (MDR) from fiscal years (FY) 2012 to 2018. Chart reviews were conducted to assign ICD diagnoses as incorrect, suspected, probable or confirmed based on the laboratory results and symptoms. Results Abstraction of MHS data revealed over 50 000 helminth diagnoses between FY 2012 and FY 2018. Of these, 38 445 of diagnoses were amongst unique subjects. After chart review, we found there were 34 425 validated helminth infections diagnosed amongst the unique subjects of US military personnel, retirees and dependents. Nearly 4000 of these cases represented infections other than enterobiasis. There were 351 validated strongyloidiasis diagnoses, 317 schistosomiasis diagnoses and 191 diagnoses of cysticercosis during the study period. Incidence of intestinal nematode infection diagnoses showed an upward trend, whilst the incidence of cestode infection diagnoses decreased. Conclusions The results of this study demonstrate that helminth infections capable of causing severe morbidity are often diagnosed in the US military. As helminth infections are often asymptomatic or go undiagnosed, the true burden of helminth infections in US military personnel and dependents may be higher than observed here. Prospective studies of US military personnel deployed to helminth-endemic areas may be indicated to determine if post-deployment screening and/or empirical treatment are warranted.

The Soviet Factor in the US-China Military-Technical Cooperation during the Cold War

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-47
Author(s):  
Yinan Li
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Active Role ◽  
The United States ◽  
Technical Cooperation ◽  
Arms Sales ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Military

The development of the PRC’s armed forces included three phases when their modernization was carried out through an active introduction of foreign weapons and technologies. The first and the last of these phases (from 1949 to 1961, and from 1992 till present) received wide attention in both Chinese and Western academic literature, whereas the second one — from 1978 to 1989 —when the PRC actively purchased weapons and technologies from the Western countries remains somewhat understudied. This paper is intended to partially fill this gap. The author examines the logic of the military-technical cooperation between the PRC and the United States in the context of complex interactions within the United States — the USSR — China strategic triangle in the last years of the Cold War. The first section covers early contacts between the PRC and the United States in the security field — from the visit of R. Nixon to China till the inauguration of R. Reagan. The author shows that during this period Washington clearly subordinated the US-Chinese cooperation to the development of the US-Soviet relations out of fear to damage the fragile process of detente. The second section focuses on the evolution of the R. Reagan administration’s approaches regarding arms sales to China in the context of a new round of the Cold War. The Soviet factor significantly influenced the development of the US-Chinese military-technical cooperation during that period, which for both parties acquired not only practical, but, most importantly, political importance. It was their mutual desire to undermine strategic positions of the USSR that allowed these two countries to overcome successfully tensions over the US arms sales to Taiwan. However, this dependence of the US-China military-technical cooperation on the Soviet factor had its downside. As the third section shows, with the Soviet threat fading away, the main incentives for the military-technical cooperation between the PRC and the United States also disappeared. As a result, after the Tiananmen Square protests, this cooperation completely ceased. Thus, the author concludes that the US arms sales to China from the very beginning were conditioned by the dynamics of the Soviet-American relations and Beijing’s willingness to play an active role in the policy of containment. In that regard, the very fact of the US arms sales to China was more important than its practical effect, i.e. this cooperation was of political nature, rather than military one.

Issues of medical examination and selection of citizens for military service under a contract in Armed Forces of the Russian Federation

2022 ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Sergey Aleksandrovich Kuzmin ◽  
◽  
Lyubov Kuzminichna Grigorieva ◽  
Margarita Vadimovna Mirzaeva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Medical Examination ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Stage System ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Military ◽  
Selection Of

In the context of the reform of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and a significant increase in the proportion of military personnel doing military service under contract, the issues of manning the troops with healthy, physically developed citizens with high moral and business qualities are of paramount importance. Of particular importance in the selection of candidates for military service under the contract is the conduct of laboratory and instrumental studies, professional and psychological selection, determination of the level of citizens’ physical fitness. The Federal Law «On Military Duty and Military Service» defines a two-stage system for medical examination of citizens entering military service under contract, which is necessary as a barrier in order to prevent citizenswho do not meet the necessary requirements for military personnel from entering the Russian Armed Forces. At the first stage (preliminary examination), the military and medical examination of citizens was carried out by specialist doctors working in medical organizations of the outpatient-polyclinic link of municipalities at the place of citizens’ permanent residence. Medical specialists of the regular military medical commission of the military commissariat of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation participated in the second stage (final examination) of the military medical examination. During the five-year period under study, 5,133 citizens (72.9 %) were selected out of 7,043 candidates for military service under contract, who fully met all the criteria for defenders of the Fatherland.

scholarly journals ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF PREVENTION OF SUICIDE IN THE ARMED FORCES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATIO

2019 ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
V. K. Shamrei ◽  
K. V. Dnov ◽  
V. I. Evdokimov
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Behavioral Disorders ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Addictive Disorders ◽  
The Military

Relevance. The level of suicides, according to several authors, is one of the most significant indicators of mental health in society, including in the armies of the world.Intention. To analyze suicides and their existing prevention system in the Russian Federation population and Armed Forces in 2007–2018.Methodology. Mental disorders and behavioral disorders (F00–F99 by Chapter V, the International Classification of Diseases of the 10th revision) were analyzed according to 3/MED Form in the military units, where ≥ 80 % of the military personnel served. The longterm trends of the main statistical indicators of suicides and mental disorders among military personnel compared to the Russian population have been established.Results and Discussion. In 2007–2018, the level of suicides in the Russian Armed Forces was (12.00 ± 1.35) per 100 thousand military personnel and was 1.7 times lower than in the population of Russia (20.12 ± 1.56) per 100 thousand (p < 0.001). The level of suicides seems to decrease among the military personnel of the Russian Armed Forces. When analyzing the longterm incidence of mental disorders and the level of suicides in the personnel of the Armed Forces of Russia, no significant correlation was found. At the same time, in a cohort of officers and ensigns, a statistically significant correlation was established between the level of suicides and the general incidence of the Chapter V diseases (r = 0.87; p < 0.01), including stressrelated neurotic and somatoform disorders (F40–F48; r = 0.72; p < 0.01), mental and behavioral disorders associated with the use of psychoactive substances (F10–F19; r = 0.89; p < 0.001). In the military conscripts, there was a correlation between the level of suicides and general morbidity related to Chapter V diseases (r = 0.72; p < 0.05), including personality and behavior disorders in adulthood (F60–F69; r = 0.81; p < 0.01) and organic, including symptomatic, mental disorders (F00– F09; r = 0.76; p < 0.05). It was revealed that among the officers and military personnel under the contract, family and domestic causes of suicide prevailed in contrast to the draft servicemen. Meanwhile somatic and mental diseases as a predominant cause of suicide accounted for a relatively small proportion.Conclusion. Psychoprophylactic measures should be aimed at early detection of servicemen prone to suicidal behavior, effective assistance in resolving militaryprofessional difficulties and domestic problems, as well as at improving their adaptation to military service. Special attention should be paid to the early detection of people with addictive disorders, especially alcohol abusers.

Ethical Issues in the Treatment of Suicidal Military Personnel and Veterans

2017 ◽  
pp. 121-130
Author(s):  
W. Brad Johnson ◽  
Gerald P. Koocher
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Military Veterans ◽  
Active Duty ◽  
Suicide Risk Assessment ◽  
Active Duty Military ◽  
The Military

This chapter reviews the key ethical issues involved in treating active duty military personnel and military veterans who present with suicidal ideation. The primary issue is striving to help while minimizing harm. Central ethical issues involve competence in suicide risk assessment and intervention, confidentiality, and multiple role situations. All of these play out differently from civilian situations because of contextual demands associated with military settings and rules governing patients and providers in the military context. Critical strategies for addressing these issues include using appropriate consent processes and understanding how best to respect the needs of the patient within the constraints of the military context.

scholarly journals The Health and Readiness of Service Members: ACEs to PACEs

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 348-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Lamson ◽  
Natalie Richardson ◽  
Erin Cobb
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Active Duty ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Active Duty Personnel ◽  
The Military

ABSTRACT Introduction Over the past three decades, a growing research base has emerged around the role of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in the biological, psychological, social, and relational health and development of children and adults. More recently, the role of ACEs has been researched with military service members. The purpose of this article was to provide a brief description of ACEs and an overview of the key tenets of the theory of toxic stress as well as a snapshot of ACEs and protective and compensatory experiences (PACEs) research with active duty personnel. Methods Ninety-seven active duty personnel completed the study including questions pertaining to demographics, adverse childhood experiences, adult adverse experiences, and PACEs survey. Results Significant findings pertaining to ACEs and PACEs were found by service member’s sex and rank, with higher ACE scores for men and enlisted service members. Conclusions The contrast by rank and sex in relation to ACEs punctuates the need for attention to ACEs and protective factors among early career service members in order to promote sustainable careers in the military.

Psychological aspect of a Russian military servant’s linguistic persona: communicative onomastic component

Neophilology ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
Nadezhda A. Rodina
Keyword(s):  
Military Personnel ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Psychological Phenomena ◽  
Practical Analysis ◽  
Russian Military ◽  
The Military

We consider the psychological characteristics of the personality of a Russian military servant in his speech activity. The purpose of the work is to conduct on the basis of practical analysis a theoretical analysis of the interaction of members of the military personnel, factors that influence the change in their personality, and also to identify the most striking psychological features of the linguistic persona of a Russian military servant. This issue is relevant at present, since the Armed Forces are of particular interest to the public, including scientific. From the point of view of psycholinguistics, the military society is less studied than in such areas as education, medicine, economics, sports, media, etc. The author of the study describes the essence of the military collective, its formation, structure, the characteristic of socio-psychological phenomena and processes taking place in this society is given. The main biological, psychological, and special changes in the personality of a person who integrates into the military personnel and continues the socialization in it, begun in another community, are listed. During the analysis of the psychological characteristics of the military servant, which are reflected in the formation of his linguistic persona, the author carried out a practical analysis of the qualities of a representative of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in order to identify nickname self-awareness and realize it in the nickname nomination. The research material was a survey based on an open, anonymous questionnaire of the Russian military servants. The results of theoretical and practical analysis can be used in the educational process in both civilian and military universities at seminars and special courses of psychology, psycholinguistics and speech culture.

scholarly journals Improvement of legal basis of life and health protection of military personnel

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-177
Author(s):  
B I Zholus
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Health Protection ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Military

Provisions and requirements of the Internal service regulations of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation regarding the rights and obligations of military personnel for life and health protection are analyzed. Provisions in regulations of 1993 and 2007 years are compared. The compliance of articles of the Regulations to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, Federal laws from May 27th, 1998 No. 76 «Concerning the status of military personnel», from November 21st, 2011No. 323 «On fundamental healthcare principles in the Russian Federation» and from March 30th, 1999 No. 52 «Concerning the Sanitary and Epidemiological Welfare of the Population» are described. Insufficient legal confirmation of the duties of a serviceman in protection of his own health is noted. One of the problems of education and training of the military personnel of various classes is the lack of such subject as a military hygiene in the curriculum. In prerevolutionary military educational establishments, the hygiene was studied and at the course end there was examination. One of the important elements of the health protection of the servicemen is a sanatorium-resort therapy which can be treated as a part of preventive medical examination. Data on decline of sanatorium service of the military personnel in connection with the legislation changes are presented. Considering physical and mental health of servicemen as a guaranty of high-degree alert and military efficiency it is proposed to start studying the Instruction on life and health protection of the serviceman in the period of a basic military training (soldier, sailor, cadet). Proposals on hygiene studying in fostering and educational institutions of the Ministry of Defense.

scholarly journals Approbation of Models and Legislation in Accommodation Infrastructure for Soldiers from Land Forces Army Compatible with Models and Legislation in Member States of the Alliance

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-183
Author(s):  
Stefan Filipov
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The Other ◽  
Structural Reforms ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Member States ◽  
The One ◽  
The Military

Abstract The membership of the country in the Euro-Atlantic structures, the professionalization of the Armed Forces and their participation in joint operations put the Bulgarian Army in front of the necessity to comply with the rules for communal-household provision applied in the NATO member states. As the resource constraint of the Military Budget, determined by the economic potential of the country, does not allow the construction of new military infrastructure objects, the current models for modernization, maintenance and utilization of the military infrastructure in the part of the communal-household provision of the Armed Forces are proposed. The implementation of the presented models is in response to solve problems in improving the maintenance and using military infrastructure elements. On the one hand, the applicability of the models requires the development of scientifically-based norms and legislation for the communal-household provision of the servicemen and on the other hand, it responds to the requirements for improving the quality of life of military personnel in the context of continuous structural reforms and transformations

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document