Order effects in PTSD network analysis: important implications for diagnostic conceptualization, treatment refinement, and research

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Benjamin Trachik ◽  
Toby D. Elliman ◽  
Michelle L. Ganulin ◽  
Michael N. Dretsch ◽  
Lyndon A. Riviere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Underlying Structure ◽  
Order Effects ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Item Order ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Network Composition

Abstract Background For decades confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) has been the preeminent method to study the underlying structure of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); however, methodological limitations of CFA have led to the emergence of other analytic approaches. In particular, network analysis has become a gold standard to investigate the structure and relationships between PTSD symptoms. A key methodological limitation, however, which has significant clinical implications, is the lack of data on the potential impact of item order effects on the conclusions reached through network analyses. Methods The current study, involving a large sample (N = 5055) of active duty army soldiers following deployment to Iraq, assessed the vulnerability of network analyses and prevalence rate to item order effects. This was done by comparing symptom networks of the DSM-IV PTSD checklist items to these same items distributed in random order. Half of the participants rated their symptoms on traditionally ordered items and half the participants rated the same items, but in random order and interspersed between items from other validated scales. Differences in prevalence rate and network composition were examined. Results The prevalence rate differed between the ordered and random item samples. Network analyses using the ordered survey closely replicated the conclusions reached in the existing network analyses literature. However, in the random item survey, network composition differed considerably. Conclusion Order effects appear to have a significant impact on conclusions reached from PTSD network analysis. Prevalence rates were also impacted by order effects. These findings have important diagnostic and clinical treatment implications.

scholarly journals Effect of Item Order on Certain Psychometric Properties: A Demonstration on a Cyberloafing Scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Doğan Şahin
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Order Form ◽  
Multiple Group ◽  
Item Order ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Fixed Order

Many studies have been conducted on the effect of item order in self-report questionnaires on mean scores. This research aims to study the effect of item order on measurement invariance in addition to mean scores. To this end, two groups randomly obtained from the same sample were presented a fixed order form in which all items belonging to the same dimension were adjacent to each other, and a random order form in which the items were randomly sequenced respectively. The results obtained revealed a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the two forms. In the next stage of the study, the fit indices obtained from the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) applied to the two separate forms and the modification indices (MI) suggested by the software were compared. Both forms returned high modification suggestions for adjacent items or items presented near each other. Additionally, it was found that high χ2 reductions suggested by the MIs in one form resulted in low χ2 reductions in the other. Lastly, multiple group CFA (mg-CFA) was conducted to determine whether or not measurement invariance was achieved through different item order presentations of the scale. The findings indicate that measurement invariance could not be achieved even at the first stage of analysis. It may specifically be stated that presenting respondents items under the same dimension together ensures empirical findings congruent with theoretical structure.

Unravelling the phenotypic tangle of autistic, schizotypal and social anxiety traits: A Network Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orestis Zavlis ◽  
Myles Jones
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Underlying Structure ◽  
Schizotypal Personality ◽  
The Social ◽  
Trait Level ◽  
General Adult Population

Substantial overlap exists between schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders, with part of that overlap hypothesised to be due to comorbid social anxiety. The current paper investigates the interactions and factor structure of these disorders at a personality trait level, through the lens of a network model. The items of the Autism Quotient (AQ), Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire Brief-Revised (SPQ-BR), and the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (L-SAS) were combined and completed by 345 members of the general adult population. An Exploratory Graph Analysis (EGA) on the AQ-SPQ-BR combined inventory revealed two communities (factors), which reflected the general autism and schizotypal phenotypes. An additional EGA on all inventories validated the AQ-SPQ-BR factor structure and revealed another community, Social Anxiety (L-SAS). A Network Analysis (NA) on all inventories revealed several moderately central subscales, which collectively reflected the social-interpersonal impairments of the three disorders. The current results suggest that a combination of recent network- and traditional factor-analytic techniques may present a fruitful approach to understanding the underlying structure as well as relation of different psychopathologies.

scholarly journals Investigating centrality in PTSD symptoms across diagnostic systems using network analysis*

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (sup1) ◽  
pp. 1866412
Author(s):  
Maj Hansen ◽  
Cherie Armour ◽  
Emily McGlinchey ◽  
Jana Ross ◽  
Sophie Lykkegaard Ravn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Diagnostic Systems

scholarly journals Assessment of Different Dimensions of Shame Proneness: Validation of the SHAME

Assessment ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 1699-1717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinna N. Scheel ◽  
Hedwig Eisenbarth ◽  
Katrin Rentzsch
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Invariance Testing ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Shame Proneness ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Different Dimensions

A large body of research revealed that shame is associated with adaptive and maladaptive correlates. The aim of this work was to validate a new dimensional instrument (SHAME), which was developed to disentangle adaptive and maladaptive dimensions of shame proneness. Confirmatory factor analyses supported the three-factorial structure (bodily, cognitive, and existential shame) in American ( n = 502) and German ( n = 496) community samples, using invariance testing. Bifactor model analyses exhibited distinct associations of adaptive (bodily and cognitive shame) and maladaptive (existential shame) dimensions of shame with psychopathology and social functioning. Network analyses highlighted the role of existential shame in psychopathology, especially for a clinical sample of patients with Borderline Personality Disorder ( n = 92). By placing shame pronenesss into a network of similar and dissimilar constructs, the current findings serve as a foundation for drawing conclusions about the adaptive and maladaptive nature of shame.

scholarly journals Why it is important to consider negative ties when studying polarized debates: A signed network analysis of a Dutch cultural controversy on Twitter

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256696
Author(s):  
Anna Keuchenius ◽  
Petter Törnberg ◽  
Justus Uitermark
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
User Interaction ◽  
User Interactions ◽  
Online Interactions ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Signed Network

Despite the prevalence of disagreement between users on social media platforms, studies of online debates typically only look at positive online interactions, represented as networks with positive ties. In this paper, we hypothesize that the systematic neglect of conflict that these network analyses induce leads to misleading results on polarized debates. We introduce an approach to bring in negative user-to-user interaction, by analyzing online debates using signed networks with positive and negative ties. We apply this approach to the Dutch Twitter debate on ‘Black Pete’—an annual Dutch celebration with racist characteristics. Using a dataset of 430,000 tweets, we apply natural language processing and machine learning to identify: (i) users’ stance in the debate; and (ii) whether the interaction between users is positive (supportive) or negative (antagonistic). Comparing the resulting signed network with its unsigned counterpart, the retweet network, we find that traditional unsigned approaches distort debates by conflating conflict with indifference, and that the inclusion of negative ties changes and enriches our understanding of coalitions and division within the debate. Our analysis reveals that some groups are attacking each other, while others rather seem to be located in fragmented Twitter spaces. Our approach identifies new network positions of individuals that correspond to roles in the debate, such as leaders and scapegoats. These findings show that representing the polarity of user interactions as signs of ties in networks substantively changes the conclusions drawn from polarized social media activity, which has important implications for various fields studying online debates using network analysis.

scholarly journals Studying Positive and Negative Direct and Extended Contact: Complementing Self-Reports With Social Network Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 1566-1581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Wölfer ◽  
Eva Jaspers ◽  
Danielle Blaylock ◽  
Clarissa Wigoder ◽  
Joanne Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Extended Contact ◽  
Contact Parameters

Traditionally, studies of intergroup contact have primarily relied on self-reports, which constitute a valid method for studying intergroup contact, but has limitations, especially if researchers are interested in negative or extended contact. In three studies, we apply social network analyses to generate alternative contact parameters. Studies 1 and 2 examine self-reported and network-based parameters of positive and negative contact using cross-sectional datasets ( N = 291, N = 258), indicating that both methods help explain intergroup relations. Study 3 examines positive and negative direct and extended contact using the previously validated network-based contact parameters in a large-scale, international, and longitudinal dataset ( N = 12,988), demonstrating that positive and negative direct and extended contact all uniquely predict intergroup relations (i.e., intergroup attitudes and future outgroup contact). Findings highlight the value of social network analysis for examining the full complexity of contact including positive and negative forms of direct and extended contact.

The Effect of Register, Direction, and Magnitude on Musicians’ Evaluations of Chamber Ensemble Intonation: A Within-Study Comparison for Analysis of Repeated Measures

2021 ◽  
pp. 002242942110604
Author(s):  
David S. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Music Education ◽  
String Quartet ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Chamber Ensemble ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Item Order ◽  
Evaluation Task ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Methodological Considerations

This study had two primary purposes: (1) to investigate the effect of register, direction, and magnitude on musicians’ evaluation of chamber ensemble intonation, and (2) determine whether a novel nonparametric technique, ordinal pattern analysis (OPA), was a viable alternative to repeated-measures analysis of variance (rANOVA). I digitally mastered a recording of a string quartet performing a phrase from Capriol Suite by altering the intonation of the violin or cello voice ±20 and 30 cents sharp and flat. Participants ( N = 72) completed a discrimination task and an evaluation task with the recordings, with task order, and within-task item order presented in a random order. Analysis using rANOVA revealed significant differences due to register, direction, and magnitude: Excerpts with cello errors were rated as more in tune than excerpts with violin errors; excerpts with flat errors were rated as more in tune than excerpts with sharp errors, and excerpts with 20-cent magnitude errors were rated as more in tune than excerpts with 30-cent magnitude errors. OPA results were consistent with rANOVA results. Substantive implications for music teaching and learning are discussed alongside methodological considerations and implications for music education research using repeated-measures designs.

Network Analysis of PTSD Symptoms in a Sample of Polyvictimized Youth

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Zoe Bridges-Curry ◽  
Caroline Christian ◽  
Cheri A. Levinson
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms

scholarly journals The Discrepancies Between Individual-Set and Parent-Set Career Goals Scale: Development and Initial Validation

2020 ◽  
pp. 089484532090179
Author(s):  
Dian R. Sawitri ◽  
Peter A. Creed ◽  
Mirwan S. Perdhana
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Career Goals ◽  
Underlying Structure ◽  
First Year ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Initial Validation ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Item Scale

As there was no existing, psychometrically sound scale that directly assessed the discrepancies that young people experience between individual-set career goals and parent-set career goals, we developed and provided initial validation for a 15-item scale for use with young adults. In Study 1, items were developed, reviewed by experts, and administered to a sample of first year, undergraduate Indonesian students ( N = 426, M age = 18.42 years). We used exploratory factor analysis to reduce the number of items and assess the factor structure and used confirmatory factor analyses on a holdout sample to assess this underlying structure. We then provided evidence for construct validity. Recommendations for use in research and practice are discussed.

scholarly journals Information sharing in supply chains: a review of risks and opportunities using the systematic literature network analysis (SLNA)

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Colicchia ◽  
Alessandro Creazza ◽  
Carlo Noè ◽  
Fernanda Strozzi
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Information Sharing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Dynamic Representation ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Over Time

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify and discuss the most important research areas on information sharing in supply chains and related risks, taking into account their evolution over time. This paper sheds light on what is happening today and what the trajectories for the future are, with particular respect to the implications for supply chain management. Design/methodology/approach The dynamic literature review method called Systematic Literature Network Analysis (SLNA) was adopted. It combines the Systematic Literature Review approach and bibliographic network analyses, and it relies on objective measures and algorithms to perform quantitative literature-based detection of emerging topics. Findings The focus of the literature seems to be on threats that are internal to the extended supply chain rather than on external attacks, such as viruses, traditionally related to information technology (IT). The main arising risk appears to be the intentional or non-intentional leakage of information. Also, papers analyze the implications for information sharing coming from “soft” factors such as trust and collaboration among supply chain partners. Opportunities are also highlighted and include how information sharing can be leveraged to confront disruptions and increase resilience. Research limitations/implications The adopted methodology allows for providing an original perspective on the investigated topic, that is, how information sharing in supply chains and related risks are evolving over time because of the turbulent advances in technology. Practical implications Emergent and highly critical risks related to information sharing are highlighted to support the design of supply chain risks strategies. Also, critical areas to the development of “beyond-the-dyad” initiatives to manage information sharing risks emerge. Opportunities coming from information sharing that are less known and exploited by companies are provided. Originality/value This paper focuses on the supply chain perspective rather than the traditional IT-based view of information sharing. According to this perspective, this paper provides a dynamic representation of the literature on the investigated topic. This is an important contribution to the topic of information sharing in supply chains is continuously evolving and shaping new supply chain models.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document