The prevalence of sleep-related eating disorder in psychiatric and non-psychiatric populations

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1461-1466 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. WINKELMAN ◽  
D. B. HERZOG ◽  
M. FAVA
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
Nocturnal Eating ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Unselected Group

Background. Sleep-related eating disorder is a little-described syndrome combining features of sleep disorders and eating disorders. The behaviour consists of partial arousals from sleep followed by rapid ingestion of food, commonly with at least partial amnesia for the episode the following day. The aim of this study was to provide an estimate of the prevalence of sleep-related eating disorder.Methods. The Inventory of Nocturnal Eating, a self-report questionnaire addressing nocturnal eating and sleep disturbance, was administered to out-patients (N=126) and in-patients (N=24) with eating disorders, obese subjects (N=126) in a trial of an anorexic agent, depressed subjects (N=207) in an antidepressant trial, and an unselected group (N=217) of college students. Sleep-related eating disorder was operationally defined as nocturnal eating with a self-reported reduced level of awareness, occurring at least once per week.Results. Almost 5·0% (33/700) of the sample described symptoms consistent with sleep-related eating disorder. The in-patient eating disorders group had nearly twice the prevalence (16·7%) of the out-patient eating disorder sample (8·7%), which had nearly twice the prevalence of the next highest group, the student sample (4·6%). Subjects with sleep-related eating disorder endorsed more symptoms consistent with sleep disorders and had higher levels of depression and dissociation than those without nocturnal eating.Conclusions. Sleep-related eating disorder is more common than is generally recognized, especially in those with a daytime eating disorder. Sleep disorder symptoms are often associated with sleep-related eating disorder, as are depression and dissociation. Evaluation of individuals with eating disorders should include assessment for sleep-related eating.

Psychological Assessment of the Eating Disorders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew A. Anderson ◽  
Joseph Donahue ◽  
Lauren E. Ehrlich ◽  
Sasha Gorrell
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Psychological Assessment ◽  
Functional Approach ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Behavioral Measures

Clinicians and researchers have several approaches with which to assess eating disorder and related symptomatology, including interviews, self-report instruments, and behavioral measures. The purpose of this chapter is to describe a process, based on a functional approach, that will help assessors to develop assessments and choose instruments for eating disorders and eating-related problems. This approach takes into account both theoretical and practical concerns and allows assessors to individualize their assessments depending on their particular needs. This process starts with broad considerations about the context in which the assessment is to be given and ends with the choice of specific instruments to be used.

Binge/Purge Symptoms and Comorbidity in Adolescents with Eating Disorders

1998 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 507-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose Geist ◽  
Ron Davis ◽  
Margus Heinmaa
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Assessment Measure ◽  
Axis I

Objective: To identify the diagnostic subtypes of eating disorders (EDs), the psychiatric comorbid diagnoses, and associated specific and nonspecific psychopathology in a series of 120 adolescents undergoing standardized assessment for an ED. Method: Consecutive patients referred to our large pediatric hospital for ED assessment completed a semistructured diagnostic interview for children and adolescents. The following self-report scales were administered to assess specific and nonspecific psychopathology: the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), the Eating Disorder Inventory 2 (EDI-2), and the Family Assessment Measure (FAM-III) of family functioning. Results: Female subjects with a mean age of 14.5 years and a mean body mass index (BMI) of 18.1 comprised 93% of the sample. The restrictive subtypes of anorexia nervosa (AN) (43%) and eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) (16%) were the most common diagnoses. Patients with restricting symptoms (R) could be grouped together because they were more similar to each other with respect to self-report symptoms of psychopathology than they were to patients with binge/purge (B/P) symptoms and vice versa. Patients with R endorsed significantly fewer subjective symptoms, both ED-specific and nonspecific, and rated their families' functioning better than did B/P patients. Comorbid, current major depressive disorders and dysthymic disorders occurred in 66% of subjects, but depressive, dysthymic, and oppositional disorders occurred in 96% of those with B/P symptoms. Severity of the CDI was the best single discriminator between R and B/P subjects. Conclusions: Adolescents with EDs in the early stage of their illness are similar to adults with EDs in the following ways: they meet the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) criteria for subtypes of EDs (excluding amenorrhea) and commonly have comorbid psychiatric disorders, especially depressive disorders. Patients with B/P symptoms can be distinguished from restricting subjects because they endorse significantly more ED-specific and nonspecific psychopathology and have a higher frequency of comorbid Axis I diagnoses (especially depressive disorders) than restricting patients. Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) occurs more commonly in adolescents with EDs associated with B/P symptoms.

scholarly journals Mental Health Links With Eating Disorder Risk and Weight Related Concerns in First Semester College Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 199-199
Author(s):  
Zhiping Yu ◽  
Paul Fuglestad ◽  
Madisen Reasonover
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Food Addiction ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Eating Disorder Risk ◽  
First Semester ◽  
Disorder Risk

Abstract Objectives Both mental health and eating disorders are increasing health concerns for college students. This study aimed to examine associative links between psychological distress, eating disorder risk, food addiction, and weight related concerns among first semester college students. Methods Freshman students 18 years or older in all majors in a southeastern university were invited to take an online survey. The measures included demographic characteristics, psychological behaviors and eating disorder risks. Pearson's correlation analysis was used to assess associations. Results Ninety-two students (79.3% female, 61.5% white) completed the survey. Psychological distress significantly correlated with higher eating disorder risk (stress r = 0.28, anxiety r = 0.28, depression r = 0.42; P's < 0.01), higher food addiction symptom count (stress r = 0.30, anxiety r = 0.34, depression r = 0.44; P's < 0.01), and lower weight related quality of life (stress r = −0.27, anxiety r = −0.38, depression r = −0.52; P's < 0.01). Greater anxiety also significantly correlated with lower self-reported dream weights (r = −0.23, P < 0.05) and happy weights (r = −0.23, P < 0.05). Conclusions The findings suggest that the management of psychological well-being of college students is important for prevention and treatment of eating disorders and weight issues in this population. Funding Sources Brooks College of Health, University of North Florida.

scholarly journals Eating disorders and body image dissatisfaction among college students

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Cristina Lofrano-Prado ◽  
Wagner Luiz Prado ◽  
Mauro Virgílio Gomes Barros ◽  
Sandra Lopes de Souza
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Eat 26

Introduction: Body image dissatisfaction and disordered eating behavior increase during college. Objectives: To identify symptoms of eating disorders and body image dissatisfaction in college students and to verify the relationship between eating disorders and body image dissatisfaction. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 408 college students (283 females), aged 18-23y, enrolled in the first semester of health science in public universities from Recife-PE. Symptoms of eating disorders and body image dissatisfaction were assessed by self-report questionnaires (EAT-26, BITE, BES, BSQ). Results: Body image dissatisfaction was independently associated with a 22-fold increased risk for anorexia nervosa, 18-fold for bulimia nervosa and 25-fold for binge eating. Female college students (32.5%; CI95%=27.2-38.1%) have higher symptoms of eating disorders than males (18.4%; CI95%=12.3-25.9%). Specifically for bulimia, both females (26.1%; CI95%=21.3-31.5%) and males (21.6%; CI95%=15.1-29.5%) are at greater risk of developing this illness. Conclusion: The current findings provide preliminary evidence about risks of college health sciences students with body image dissatisfaction to develop eating disorders.

Eating Disorders

2020 ◽  
pp. 511-530
Author(s):  
Anoop Narahari ◽  
Raman Baweja ◽  
Piyush Das ◽  
Amit Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
The Body ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Nocturnal Eating ◽  
Abnormal Eating ◽  
Nutritional Balance

Sleep and eating behavior are complimentary homeostatic functions and adequate sleep is fundamental for the nutritional balance of the body. Short sleep duration has been linked to development of obesity and abnormal eating patterns in children and adults. Individuals with eating disorders report significantly higher sleep disturbances of sleep apnea, insomnia, circadian rhythm disorders, and impairment of daytime functioning, as compared to controls. Sleep disturbances have been implicated in suicidal behaviors in patients with eating disorders. This chapters outline the current evidence examining the pathophysiology and comorbidity of sleep disturbance in daytime eating disorders and focus on clinical assessment and management of nocturnal eating disorders including night eating syndrome and particularly sleep-related eating disorder, which is a combination of parasomnia and eating disorder. There is an imminent need to develop evidence-based pharmacological and psychological treatments for management of nocturnal eating disorders and the sleep disturbances associated with daytime eating disorders.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of Eating Disorders Among College Students: A Comparison of Military and Civilian Students

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E Falvey ◽  
Samantha L Hahn ◽  
Olivia S Anderson ◽  
Sarah K Lipson ◽  
Kendrin R Sonneville
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptoms ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
The Military

ABSTRACT Introduction Eating disorders are often under-detected, which poses a serious threat to the health of individuals with eating disorder symptoms. There is evidence to suggest that the military represents a subpopulation that may be susceptible to high prevalence of eating disorders and vulnerable to their underdiagnosis. Underreporting of eating disorder symptoms in the military could lead to this underdiagnosis of individuals with eating disorder symptoms. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between military affiliation and eating disorder symptoms among college students and the likelihood of eating disorder diagnosis among those with eating disorder symptoms using a large, diverse college-aged sample of both military-involved and civilian students. Materials and Methods Participants for this study were from the 2015-2016, 2016-2017, and 2017-2018 Healthy Minds Study (HMS). Healthy Minds Study is a large, cross-sectional cohort study of both undergraduate and graduate students from universities and colleges across the United States and Canada. The Healthy Minds Study survey questions include assessment of demographic information, military status, self-reported eating disorder symptoms using the SCOFF questionnaire, and self-reported eating disorder diagnosis. Univariate analysis, chi-square analysis, and logistic regression with an unadjusted and covariate adjusted model were used to examine the association between eating disorder symptoms and military affiliation. These analyses were also used to examine the association between eating disorder diagnosis among those with eating disorder symptoms and military affiliation. All analyses were conducted using SPSS. Results The prevalence of eating disorder symptoms was high among both the civilian (20.4%) and military-involved (14.4%) students. Among females, there was a significantly higher (P value = .041) prevalence of eating disorder symptoms among civilian college students (24.7%) compared to military-involved students (21.3%). Among those with eating disorder symptoms, the prevalence of diagnosis was low in both military and civilian students. Specifically, the prevalence of diagnosis was significantly lower (P value = .032) among military-involved college students (10.8%) compared to civilian college students (16.4%). Differences in sociodemographic characteristics (e.g., gender, race/ethnicity, and age) among military-involved and civilian college students appear to explain this association. Conclusions The underdiagnosis of eating disorders is far too common, and this represents a threat to the health of military and civilian populations alike. Underdiagnosis of eating disorders within military environments may be due to underreporting, particularly among men and racial/ethnic minority groups.

Negative Self-Beliefs in Relation to Eating Disorder and Depressive Symptoms: Different Themes Are Characteristic of the Two Sets of Symptoms in Those With Eating Disorders and/or Depression

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myra J. Cooper ◽  
Phil Cowen
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Core Beliefs ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Eating Disordered ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptoms

This study aimed to identify differences in the personal themes in negative self or core beliefs that might be characteristic of high levels of eating disorder symptoms when compared to high levels of depressive symptoms in those with an eating disorder and/or depression. Differences between putative diagnostic subgroups were also examined. One hundred and ninety-three participants completed self-report measures of negative self-beliefs, eating, and depressive symptoms. Putative diagnostic subgroups were also identified, including an eating disorder group that also had high levels of depressive symptomatology and in most cases a diagnosis of depression. Six themes descriptive of the self corresponding to 6 robust factors were identified and provisionally labeled isolated, repelled by self, self-dislike, lacking in warmth, childlike, and highly organized. Multiple regression analyses indicated that, in the whole sample, eating disorder symptoms were uniquely predicted by subscales reflective of repelled by self and lacking in warmth, though depressive symptoms were uniquely predicted by subscales measuring isolation and self-dislike. Between-group analyses indicated that high scores on isolation, self-dislike, and lacking in warmth were typical of both eating-disordered and depressed-only diagnostic groups when compared to the control group, though only the eating-disordered group (also high in depressive symptoms and “diagnosis” of depression) also had high scores on repelled by self. The findings indicate that eating disorder and depressive symptoms are associated with some potentially important differences in self-beliefs. Putative diagnostic subgroups may also differ in these beliefs. The findings further indicate that psychometrically sound themes exist in the core or negative self-beliefs associated with eating disorder and depressive symptoms. Implications of the findings for cognitive therapy with eating disorders and depression are briefly considered, and the limitations and implications of the diagnostic subgroups identified here are discussed.

scholarly journals Investigating the relationship of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and eating disorders in adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-11
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Khodabakhsh ◽  
Seyed Hesam Ahmadian Hoseini
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Self Report ◽  
World Health ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder which starts from childhood and early juvenility and can even continue until adolescence. It is noticeable with three factors: hyperactivity, attention inability, and Impulsivity. Researches have demonstrated that the main symptoms of ADHD is also present in patients diagnosed with eating disorders. The goal of the present study is to investigate the relationship of Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and eating disorders in adults.The present study is a correlational study with a cross sectional descriptive method. The sample contains of 150 people chosen from adults using random sampling method. All of the participants answered the Eating attitudes scale (Garner and Garfinkel, 1982) and the Adult ADHD self-report scale (world health organization, 1994). The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and Spearman correlation coefficient.Considering the result of current study it can be said that ADHD and Eating disorders are related to one another, because based on the evidence gathered, these two variables have similar neurobiological properties and clinical features, and thus ADHD has the ability of eating disorder occurrence anticipation.   Keyword: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Diet;  Eating disorder; Impulsivity

An Exploration of the Relationship Between Disordered Eating, Exercise Dependence, and Athletic Injury

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Carrie B. Scherzer ◽  
Jeremy Trenchuk ◽  
Meaghan Peters ◽  
Robert Mazury
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
Athletic Injury ◽  
Exercise Dependence ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Eating Disorders Inventory ◽  
The Relationship

Athletes can be at elevated risk for developing eating disorders, the effects of which can be devastating. Few researchers have examined the influence of a predisposition toward an eating disorder on athletic injury. Exercise dependence might bridge the gap toward understanding this relationship. This study sought to examine the relationship between predisposition toward an eating disorder and exercise dependence and looked at both as predictors of athletic injury. College students (n = 132) completed the Eating Disorders Inventory and the Exercise Dependence Questionnaire, as well as provided demographic, activity, and injury information. Subscales of the Eating Disorders Inventory and Exercise Dependence Questionnaire were significant predictors of having at least one athletic injury in the preceding year. These findings suggest that both predisposition toward an eating disorder and exercise dependence may be contributing factors to injury.

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