scholarly journals On a Plausible Physical Mechanism Linking the Maunder Minimum to the Little Ice Age

Radiocarbon ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Nesme-Ribes ◽  
Andre Mangeney
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Physical Mechanism ◽  
Maunder Minimum ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Sunspot Activity ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Convective Processes ◽  
Earth’S Climate

To understand better the Earth's climate, we need to know precisely how much radiation the Sun generates. We present here a simple physical mechanism describing the convective processes at the time of low sunspot activity. According to this model, the kinetic energy increased during the Maunder Minimum, causing a decrease of the solar radiation that was sufficient to produce a little Ice Age.

Greenhouses, hot water bottles, cycles and the future of New Zealand climate

2009 ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
W.P. De Lange
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Infrared Radiation ◽  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Almost All

The Greenhouse Effect acts to slow the escape of infrared radiation to space, and hence warms the atmosphere. The oceans derive almost all of their thermal energy from the sun, and none from infrared radiation in the atmosphere. The thermal energy stored by the oceans is transported globally and released after a range of different time periods. The release of thermal energy from the oceans modifies the behaviour of atmospheric circulation, and hence varies climate. Based on ocean behaviour, New Zealand can expect weather patterns similar to those from 1890-1922 and another Little Ice Age may develop this century.

Humidity variations spanning the ‘Little Ice Age’ from an upland lake in southwestern China

The Holocene ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-299
Author(s):  
Tingwei Zhang ◽  
Xiaoqiang Yang ◽  
Qiong Chen ◽  
Jaime L Toney ◽  
Qixian Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Asian Monsoon ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Western China ◽  
Southwestern China ◽  
Sunspot Activity ◽  
Precipitation Pattern ◽  
The Past ◽  
Westerly Jet

A number of archives that span the past ~2000 years suggest that recent variability in hydroclimatic conditions that are influenced by the Asian monsoon in China are unusual in the longer term context. However, the lack of high-resolution precipitation records over this period hampered our ability to characterize and constrain the forcing mechanism(s) of the recent humidity variations. Here, we present the ratio of hematite to goethite (Hm/Gt) derived from the semiquantitative evaluation of the diffuse reflectance spectroscopic analysis as a reliable and effective precipitation proxy to reconstruct the humidity variations during the past 1400 years deduced from Tengchongqinghai Lake sediments, southwestern China. Hm/Gt varied synchronously with variations of Chinese temperature reconstructed from the historical documents and sunspot activity index over the past 1400 years. Critical periodicities of ~450 and ~250 years show that solar activity is the dominant control on precipitation change on centennial scales. However, the relationship determined from Hm/Gt in this study contradicts the stalagmite δ18O interpretations from different regions of China, which exhibit a more complex precipitation pattern that is influenced by the strength of westerly jet in addition to the Asian monsoon. The increased westerly jet during the ‘Little Ice Age’ (LIA) caused a humid climate in southern China and dry conditions in northern and western China.

scholarly journals Holocene and ‘Little Ice Age’ glacial activity in the Marboré Cirque, Monte Perdido Massif, Central Spanish Pyrenees

The Holocene ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1439-1452 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M García-Ruiz ◽  
David Palacios ◽  
Nuria de Andrés ◽  
Blas L Valero-Garcés ◽  
Juan I López-Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Little Ice Age ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Rock Avalanche ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Maunder Minimum ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Massif Central ◽  
Exposure Dating ◽  
Glacial Expansion

The Marboré Cirque, which is located in the southern Central Pyrenees on the north face of the Monte Perdido Peak (42°40′0″N; 0.5°0″W; 3355 m), contains a wide variety of Holocene glacial and periglacial deposits, and those from the ‘Little Ice Age’ (‘LIA’) are particularly well developed. Based on geomorphological mapping, cosmogenic exposure dating and previous studies of lacustrine sediment cores, the different deposits were dated and a sequence of geomorphological and paleoenvironmental events was established as follows: (1) The Marboré Cirque was at least partially deglaciated before 12.7 kyr BP. (2) Some ice masses are likely to have persisted in the Early Holocene, although their moraines were destroyed by the advance of glaciers during the Mid Holocene and ‘LIA’. (3) A glacial expansion occurred during the Mid Holocene (5.1 ± 0.1 kyr), represented by a large push moraine that enclosed a unique ice mass at the foot of the Monte Perdido Massif. (4) A melting phase occurred at approximately 3.4 ± 0.2 and 2.5 ± 0.1 kyr (Bronze/Iron Ages) after one of the most important glacial advances of the Neoglacial period. (5) Another glacial expansion occurred during the Dark Age Cold Period (1.4–1.2 kyr), followed by a melting period during the Medieval Climate Anomaly. (6) The ‘LIA’ represented a clear stage of glacial expansion within the Marboré Cirque. Two different pulses of glaciation were detected, separated by a short retraction. The first pulse occurred most likely during the late 17th century or early 18th century (Maunder Minimum), whereas the second occurred between 1790 and ad 1830 (Dalton Minimum). A strong deglaciation process has affected the Marboré Cirque glaciers since the middle of the 19th century. (7) A large rock avalanche occurred during the Mid Holocene, leaving a chaotic deposit that was previously considered to be a Late Glacial moraine.

scholarly journals Little Ice Age in Romania in the Vision of a Syrian Traveler

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-145
Author(s):  
Elena Teodoreanu
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Maunder Minimum ◽  
Rich Source ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
Travel Diary ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Rain Floods

Abstract Archdeacon Paul of Aleppo of Damascus accompanied the Patriarch Macarios of Antioch, in Moldavia, Wallachia, Dobrogea for nearly seven years (1652-1659), just in time considered one of the coldest during the Little Ice Age, Maunder Minimum namely (1645-1715). His journey is recorded in his travel diary, written in Arabic and translated into Romanian in 1900. Romanian historians were particularly concerned with the information provided by the passenger about the towns, monasteries, and farmhouses, aspects of daily life, customs, habits and Romanian economy countries. But Paul of Aleppo describe and climate issues, particularly cold winters with frost Danube, snowy, storm at sea, rain, floods, etc. It is a very rich source of information in this area, so far little taken into consideration, showing that the Little Ice Age was also evident in Eastern Europe.

scholarly journals Decreased Sun’s activity will lead to a small ice age

2019 ◽  
pp. 73-76
Keyword(s):  
Climate Warming ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Global Cooling ◽  
The World ◽  
Earth’S Climate

Due to the cold weather in 2014 and 2018-2019, millions of people around the world began to pay attention to the problem of «global cooling». In our country this problem has become known thanks to the publications of an article of physicist H. Abdussamatov in «Science and Life» (2009) and an interview with an English Professor of Mathematics V. Zharkova in a popular Russian newspaper «Komsomolskaya Pravda» (2018). During the preparation of the materials, we talked with many climate researchers in Russia and abroad, and we met some unanimous opinions based on the firm belief that climate warming will occur. The point of view of «climate warming» is so widespread that it seems a self-evident truth, it is unequivocal and does not need special evidence, and any attempt to challenge it may seem a hopeless effort. But Russian physicist H. Abdussamatov and English Professor of Mathematics V. Zharkova firmly claim the onset of global cooling in the middle of this century. We asked them to tell us about the latest results of their research. The Sun determines the Earth’s climate

scholarly journals Evolution of Storm Surges over the Little Ice Age Indicated by Aeolian Sand Records on the Coast of the Beibu Gulf, China

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 1941
Author(s):  
Zhi Chen ◽  
Baosheng Li ◽  
Fengnian Wang ◽  
Shuhuan Du ◽  
Dongfeng Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Coastal Dunes ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Sunspot Activity ◽  
Beibu Gulf ◽  
High Maturity

The Wutou section, hereinafter referred to as “WTS”, lies in Jiangping, Guangxi Province, China (21°32′8.25″ N, 108°06′59.9″ E; thickness of 246 cm) and consists of fluvial-lacustrine facies and dune sands of the Late Holocene. This study reconstructed the evolution of storm surges along the coast of the Beibu Gulf, Guangxi over the Little Ice Age, based on three accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS)-14C, optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating ages, and the analyses of grain size and heavy minerals. The analysis results indicated that the storm sediments interspersed among aeolian sands, lagoon facies, and weak soil display a coarse mean grain size and poor sorting. The storm sediments also show high maturity of heavy minerals and low stability resulting from rapid accumulation due to storm surges originating from the land-facing side of the coastal dunes. Records of seven peak storm surge periods were recorded in the WTS over the past millennium and mainly occurred after 1400 AD, i.e., during the Little Ice Age. The peaks in storm surges, including the 14Paleostrom deposit (hereinafter referred to as “Pd”) (1425–1470AD), 10Pd (1655–1690AD), 6Pd (1790–1820AD), and 4Pd (1850–1885AD) approximately corresponded with the periods of minimum sunspot activity, suggesting that the periods of storm surge peaks revealed by the WTS were probably regulated to a great extent by solar activity.

scholarly journals New Little ICE Age Instead of Global Warming?

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 327-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodor Landscheidt
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Solar Activity ◽  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Orbital Motion ◽  
Maunder Minimum ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Centre Of Mass ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The Last Two Millennia ◽  
Cool Climate

Analysis of the sun's varying activity in the last two millennia indicates that contrary to the IPCC's speculation about man-made global warming as high as 5.8°C within the next hundred years, a long period of cool climate with its coldest phase around 2030 is to be expected. It is shown that minima in the secular Gleissberg cycle of solar activity, coinciding with periods of cool climate on Earth, are consistently linked to an 83-year cycle in the change of the rotary force driving the sun's oscillatory motion about the centre of mass of the solar system. As the future course of this cycle and its amplitudes can be computed, it can be seen that the Gleissberg minimum around 2030 and another one around 2200 will be of the Maunder minimum type accompanied by severe cooling on Earth. This forecast should prove ‘skilful’ as other long-range forecasts of climate phenomena, based on cycles in the sun's orbital motion, have turned out correct, as for instance the prediction of the last three El Niños years before the respective event.

scholarly journals Searching for the 27-day solar rotational cycle in lightning events recorded in old diaries in Kyoto from the 17th to 18th century

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1195-1200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroko Miyahara ◽  
Yasuyuki Aono ◽  
Ryuho Kataoka
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Maunder Minimum ◽  
Lightning Activity ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Rotational Period ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Earth’S Climate ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Magnetic Disturbances

Abstract. A solar rotational period of approximately 27 days has been detected in cloud and lightning activities, although the mechanism of the sun–climate connection remains unclear. In previous studies, lightning activity in Japan showed a significant signal of the solar rotational period, especially around the maxima of the decadal solar cycles. Here we analyze the time series of lightning activity in the AD 1668–1767 period, extracted from old diaries in Kyoto, Japan, and search for the signal of solar rotational cycles. The 27-day cycles were detected in the lightning data and occurred only around the maxima of the decadal sunspot cycles. The signal disappeared during AD 1668–1715, which corresponds to the latter half of the Maunder Minimum when both radiative and magnetic disturbances were thought to have been weak. These findings provide insight into the connection between solar activity and the Earth's climate.

Holocene climatic change, 14 C wiggles and variations in solar irradiance

1990 ◽  
Vol 330 (1615) ◽  
pp. 547-560 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Maunder Minimum ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Gas Concentration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Glacial Advance

Evidence from the advances and retreats of alpine glaciers during the Holocene suggests that there were at least 14 century-timescale cool periods similar to the recent Little Ice Age. Here, we examine the hypothesis that these cool periods were caused by reductions in solar irradiance. A statistically significant correlation is found between the global glacial advance and retreat chronology of Röthlisberger and variations in atmospheric 14 C concentration. A simple energy-balance climate model is used to show that the mean reduction of solar irradiance during times of maximum 14 C anomaly like the Maunder Minimum would have to have been between 0.22 and 0.55 % to have caused these cool periods. If a similar solar irradiance perturbation began early in the 21st century, the associated climate effects would be noticeable, but still considerably less than those expected to result from future greenhouse gas concentration increases.

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