The Family as Cave, Platoon and Prison: The Three Stages of Wollstonecraft's Philosophy of the Family

2002 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eileen M. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Feminist Scholarship ◽  
Traditional Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Political Virtues

Twentieth-century feminist scholarship has largely ignored the foundational role of theology in Wollstonecraft's moral and political philosophy, and its role in shaping the development of her philosophy of the family through three distinct stages. Wollstonecraft was a traditional trinitarian Anglican in her early writings, a rationalistic unitarian Christian Dissenter in her middle writings, and a Romantic deist, skeptic and possible atheist in her late writings. The early Wollstonecraft views the traditional family as a cave that traps humanity in a morass of corruption with no hope of escape except in the next life; the middle Wollstonecraft believes that once the family takes a new, egalitarian form, it can serve as a “little platoon” (to use Burke's phrase) that instills the moral, social and political virtues in each generation of citizens; while the late Wollstonecraft fears that the traditional family is a prison from which women have little hope of escape, either in this world or through passage to the next.

Sartre and Beauvoir on Women’s Psychological Oppression

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-75
Author(s):  
Mary Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Feminist Philosophy ◽  
Valuable Resource ◽  
Feminist Scholarship ◽  
Second Sex ◽  
The Family ◽  
1960S And 1970S

This paper aims to show that Sartre’s later work represents a valuable resource for feminist scholarship that remains relatively untapped. It analyses Sartre’s discussions of women’s attitude towards their situation from the 1940s, 1960s, and 1970s, alongside Beauvoir’s account of women’s situation in The Second Sex, to trace the development of Sartre’s thought on the structure of gendered experience. It argues that Sartre transitions from reducing psychological oppression to self-deception in Being and Nothingness to construing women as ‘survivors’ of it in The Family Idiot. Then, it underlines the potential for Sartre’s mature existentialism to contribute to current debates in feminist philosophy by illuminating the role of the imagination in women’s psychological oppression.

scholarly journals Wahid Jahan, a Reformer's Wife and Partner in Muslim Women's Reform at Aligarh

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-14
Author(s):  
Shadab Bano
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Women's Education ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Reform Movement ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
The Family ◽  
Women's Reform ◽  
Good Wife

As the Muslim women’s question was articulated by men in the ‘reform’ movement (as in other communities), the participation of women was also by their (male) design; many times, women’s reform activities were seen as evidence of their own (male) progress. This paper examines the role of women initiated in the reform movement and the ‘role model’ they were expected to play, especially if educated and wedded to one active in ‘reform.’ The paper takes up the study of Wahid Jahan in reform, wife of Sheikh Abdullah, a pioneer in Muslim women’s education at Aligarh in the early twentieth century. Initiated in reform by her husband, and expected to follow his guidelines in all-important matters like being a ‘good wife’, her life would still be worthwhile to explore if the wife’s commitment and initiatives moved beyond the expectations or dictates of her husband. The paper thus, through biographical writings on Wahid Jahan, seeks to examine the larger question of reform normative and wife’s agency; whether it was possible for a wife as subordinate partner in reform and agent at home, to extend spaces for women both in the family and the school, or to separate herself from her roles.

Questions of Begging

2000 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 121-133
Author(s):  
Tony Skillen
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Royal Family ◽  
Traditional Family ◽  
Broad Base ◽  
The People ◽  
Constitutional Monarchy

It has always seemed to me that one of my father's great contributions to monarchical practice was the manner in which, without apparent design, he managed to resolve the internal contradictions of monarchy in the twentieth century that requires it to be remote from, yet at the same time to personify the aspirations of the people. It must appear aloof and distant in order to sustain the illusion of a Monarch who, shunning faction, stands above politics and the more mundane allegiances. At the same time it must appear to share intimately the ideals of the multitude, whose affection and loyalty provide the broad base of constitutional Monarchy. My father, with the instinctive genius of the simple man, found the means of squaring the apparent circle within the resources of his own character. By the force of his own authentic example – the king himself in the role of the bearded paterfamilias … he transformed the Crown as personified by the Royal Family into a model of the traditional family virtues, a model that was all the more genuine for its suspected but inconspicuous flaws. The King, as the dutiful father, became the living symbol not only of the nation, but also of the Empire, the last link holding these diversified and scattered communities.

scholarly journals School of “Culture and Personality” – Some suggestions for the youth education in Vietnam

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (X3) ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Lan Thi Phuong Ngo
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
American Culture ◽  
Biological Entity ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Youth Education ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Way

Human being is a social as well as biological entity. Therefore, when explaining how personality is formed, cultural anthropologists often put people into the interaction of nature and cultural dimension. In this process, they always emphasis on the role of culture. By contemplating the American culture and personality, which is a prominent field in anthropology in the mid-twentieth century, this paper suggests pathways for the study of the youth in Vietnam. More specially, this paper confirms the significant role of the family and social socialization to individuals especially to adolescences who are experiencing an important phase in the process of personality formulation. On that basis, to utilize the potentials and capabilities of the youth, it is advised that we should change our big assumptions about them in term of their roles in the society and the way to educate them.

The Circumstances of Integrity

Legal Theory ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Jeremy Waldron
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Legal Principle ◽  
Political Virtues

This article discusses the place of integrity in Ronald Dworkin's legal and political philosophy. It presents integrity as a response to certain problems that arise in any society in which more than one contestant view about justice is allowed to determine public policy and legal principle. It also analyzes the relation between integrity and justice, arguing that although integrity requires citizens and officials sometimes to uphold policies or positions they take to be unjust, Dworkin is nevertheless wrong to present them as competing political virtues. Instead, integrity operates as a second-level concept, addressing situations that arise in a society where there is disagreement about justice (and where, therefore, there is no uncontroversial account of what justice requires to set against the requirements of integrity). The article concludes with some reflections on the role of individual convictions about justice in context of law and social action.

Performing Identity Work

2018 ◽  
pp. 51-72
Author(s):  
Lee Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Consumer Culture ◽  
Identity Work ◽  
Identity Performance ◽  
The Family ◽  
Historical Role ◽  
Identity Representation ◽  
Identity Expression

This chapter explores the role of media accounting in identity performance and work by highlighting how media have always been important outlets for identity expression. It suggests that visual modes of identity representation are means of social interaction. Beginning with a review of the historical role of snapshot photography, it shows the early interconnections between media, the family, and identity. The chapter then reviews the rise of consumer culture and scrapbooks at the turn of the twentieth century, discussing the importance of performance, consumption, and identity on Pinterest. Two important aspects of identity representations are explored. First, it argues that identity is not an individualistic cognition or state, but fundamentally a dynamic and socially enacted process revealed through media accounting. Second, the ways in which people make choices about the small scraps, snapshots, and posts of their media accounting reflect identity work.

There and Back

2019 ◽  
pp. 82-94
Author(s):  
Dave Maund
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Oral History ◽  
Single Family ◽  
The West ◽  
Migration History ◽  
The Family ◽  
West Midlands ◽  
History Of

This paper studies the migration history of the members of a single family, who moved between north Herefordshire and what is now the west Midlands conurbation. The research reported here makes use of oral history and diary evidence to describe the migration decisions made by members of the family, especially in the early and mid twentieth century. It elucidates the role of 'place' and the attraction to particular places in those decisions and provides a case study that exemplifies many of the migration processes which were characteristic of the population of England and Wales at that time.

Estado del arte La familia como texto y contexto para la socialización política de los niños y las niñas.

Katharsis ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Diana María González Bedoya
Keyword(s):  
Political Socialization ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
The Political ◽  
Family Role ◽  
Traditional Family ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Ethics ◽  
Proper Context

ResumenEste artículo presenta el análisis de algunos estudios de familia realizados en varios países de Latinoamérica y España. La indagación se hizo para conocer qué se ha investigado sobre el papel de la familia en la socialización política de los niños/as. Se concluye que los estudios que establecen una relación entre la familia, la ética y la política, asumen a la familia como la principal responsable de la formación en valores morales a través de la crianza, pero ninguno asume a la familia como espacio de interacción que ayuda a configurar la subjetividad política, ni la tuvieron como su objeto de investigación. Lo otro que revela el análisis de estas experiencias o reflexiones teóricas, son las transformaciones de las familias, lo que obliga a resignificar el concepto de familia tradicional, leerla en contexto y repensar las políticas públicas. Estos hallazgos abren un camino para considerar a la familia como un espacio para la socialización política, que requiere el contexto adecuado para lograrlo y unas acciones que materialicen las políticas públicas. Palabras clave: Transformaciones de la familia, socialización política, rol de lafamilia, contexto, políticas públicas. AbstractThis paper presents an analysis of family studies in several countries of Latin America and Spain. The inquiry aimed to find out what has been done in terms of research about the role of the family in the political socialization of children. It is concluded that the studies that establish a relationship among the family, ethics and politics, points the family as the main responsible for the formation of moral values through the children rising, but none assumes the family as a place of interaction that helps to shape the political subjectivity, and it was not even object of investigation. The other point that reveals the analysis of these experiences or theoretical reflections are the family transformations, forcing to give a new meaning to the traditional family concept, reading it in context and rethinking public policies. These findings open up a possibility to consider the family as a space for political socialization, and in order to execute it, a proper context and some actions public policies are required. Keywords: Transformations of the family, political socialization, family role, context, public policies.

Imagining Families

Affilia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica Gómez-Urrutia ◽  
Urrizola Paulina Royo ◽  
Cubillos Miguel Ángel Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Feminist Scholarship ◽  
State Action ◽  
Traditional Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Promote Gender Equality ◽  
Value Diversity

Feminist scholarship highlights the key role the family plays in promoting or hindering gender equality. This article explores how young university students ( N = 1,038) imagine their future regarding family arrangements in the Maule region (Chile). Quantitative and qualitative data suggest young people recognize and value diversity in family ideals, with significant gender differences. However, Chilean legislation and public social policy take the traditional family as the blueprint for state action, jeopardizing those projects that depart from the traditional one. Public policy and social work need to acknowledge the multiplicity of family ideals held by the younger generations to promote gender equality.

Changing Political Attitudes in Totalitarian Society: A Case Study of the Role of the Family

1956 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-205
Author(s):  
Kent Geiger
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Considerable Effort ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
National Ideology ◽  
The Relationship

There is general agreement among Western scholars that the modern totalitarian state is distinguished in part by its possession of a unitary and systematically elaborated ideology. While it will be found that expert opinions vary considerably in regard to the importance of the role played by ideology in the origin and continuation of totalitarianism, there is little question but that the ruling power of the totalitarian society is not indifferent to the relationship between national ideology and popular attitudes. Indeed, history shows that the rulers of twentieth-century totalitarian states have devoted considerable effort to the development among their citizenries of attitudes of acceptance toward the social philosophies and goals associated with their regimes.

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