Some Sri Lankan medical manuscripts of importance for the history of Sout Asian traditional medicine

2001 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 392-400
Author(s):  
JINADASA LIYANARATNE
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Proven Efficacy ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Medical Manuscripts

This paper is a philological study of twelve Sri Lankan medical manuscripts preserved in the Bodleian Library, Oxford, and the Cambridge University Library. It shows the impact of Buddhism on the development of traditional medicine in South Asia and the important role played by South Indian Vaidyas in the propagation of medical knowledge in Sri Lanka. Those Vaidyas appear to have been well versed in Siddha medicine and proficient in both Sinhala and Tamil languages. Only the historical and cultural aspects revealed in these documents are dealt with here. The therapeutic aspect is no less important in view of the large number of medicinal prescriptions, some of which are said to be of proven efficacy. The material presented may be of interest to students of the history of medicine and medical anthropology.

SOCIO-CULTURAL AND REGULATORY DIMENSION OF THE HOUSING PROBLEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (72) (2) ◽  
pp. 134-141
Author(s):  
N. G. Krasavtseva
Keyword(s):  
Public Housing ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Housing Construction ◽  
Housing Problem ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

The article examines the evolution of the population’s priorities in relation to housing, examines the legal regulation and socio-cultural aspects of public housing construction at various stages of the history of the USSR. The research reveals the impact of the developing industry on the country’s economy.

The Cambridge Economic History: The Medieval Period

1963 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-223
Author(s):  
Frederic C. Lane
Keyword(s):  
Economic History ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
Medieval Europe ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Europe ◽  
The Impact

When requested in the spring of 1961 to review the overdue third volume of The Cambridge Economic History of Europe, I read eagerly the proof copy sent me and then wrote this review, fearing that if I delayed until the volume was actually out the lapse of time would dull my reactions. Time had already blunted the impact of some of the contributions, for example, the opening essay, “The Rise of Towns,” by H. van Werveke. No wonder, since he finished writing it, as he tells us in a footnote, in 1940 (sic), and retouched it in 1953 and 1956 Such long-suffering contributors deserve to be reviewed before 1963, but only in this year has the Cambridge University Press finally released the last of the three volumes planned as an authoritative and balanced account of the economic life of Medieval Europe.

An African knowledge of ethnosystematics and its application totraditional medicine, with particular reference to the medicinal use of the fungus Engleromyces goetzei

Bothalia ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. O. Kokwaro
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
African People ◽  
Medicinal Use ◽  
African Flora ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many ◽  
First Time ◽  
Botanical Classification

Botany and medicine have been closely related fields of knowledge throughout the history of man's development. Consequently a folk knowledge of botanical classification (ethnosystematics) is often rooted in traditional medicine. Four factors have contributed to ethnosystematics being particularly well developed in Africa. They are: the continuing importance of traditional medicine; the importance of the spoken word in handing down traditional botanical and medical knowledge; the richness and diversity of the African flora; and the many different languages and dialects used by the African people. Some of the plants used in African traditional medicine are being investigated as sources of antibiotics and other useful substances. An example is the investigation of the fungus  Engleromyces goetzei P. Hennings, whose medical use is described for the first time.

1. All creatures great and small

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
James Yeates
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Veterinary Science ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scientific Fields

‘All creatures great and small’ provides an abridged history of veterinary science, which helps highlight how veterinary scientific developments have progressed alongside other scientific fields and social changes in how we treat animals. From early civilizations in Mesopotamia to the developing scientific knowledge in Ancient Greece and Rome, and from the 17th-century scientific revolution to the 18th-century Enlightenment, veterinary science has progressed alongside medical knowledge. The impact of the world wars and then increased farming productivity in peacetime is discussed along with modern developments in the digital age. Nowadays, veterinary science is both scientific and clinical, but at its core it is about non-human animal physical, mental, and social well-being.

scholarly journals From under the elbow to pointing to the palm: Chinese metaphors for learning medicine by the book (fourth–fourteenth centuries)

BJHS Themes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 75-92
Author(s):  
Marta Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
Early Medieval ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Early Medieval Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
Longue Duree ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Medical Manuscripts ◽  
Medical Books

AbstractThis article focuses on transformations in the main metaphors in ancient to late medieval titles of Chinese medical books used to convey to potential readers their ‘learning-by-the-book’ contents. It finds that in contrast to the European preference for hand metaphors in the genre terms – enchiridions, manuals and handbooks – the Chinese medical archive preserves bodily metaphors within which the hand metaphor appears only rarely in the early medieval period and is then superseded by metaphors that rely on the fingers and palms more than the hands per se. This longue durée survey from roughly the fourth to the fourteenth centuries of the wide-ranging metaphors for ‘handy medical books’ places their historical emergence and transformation within the history of Chinese medical manuscripts and printed texts. Metaphors in medical titles conveyed to potential readers at the time significant textual innovations in how medical knowledge would be presented to them. For later historians, they provide evidence of profound changes in managing an increasingly complex and expanding archive of Chinese medical manuscripts and printed texts. Innovations in textual reorganization intended to facilitate ‘learning by the book’ were often creatively captured in an illuminating range of genre distinctions, descriptors and metaphors.

scholarly journals عروض مختصرة

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (80) ◽  
pp. 206-197
Author(s):  
حنان لطفي زين الدين
Keyword(s):  
Social Research ◽  
Book Publishing ◽  
Education Society ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
Political Discourses ◽  
Islamic Reform ◽  
Politics And Religion ◽  
History Of ◽  
Islam And Modernity ◽  
The Impact

اللغة الأم والشتات المغاربي، موحي الناجي (محرر)، فاس: مركز جنوب شمال لحوار الثقافات والدراسات حول الهجرة، 2012م، 250 صفحة. إشكالية الهوية والتعدد اللغوي بالمغرب العربي: المغرب نموذجاً، إلياس بلكا ومحمد حراز، أبو ظبي: مركز الإمارات للدراسات والبحوث الاستراتيجية، 2014م، 210 صفحة. القيم الأخلاقية وأثرها في تدعيم العالم الإسلامي (نظرة مستقبلية)، ناهد نصر الدين عزت، القاهرة: المكتبة المصرية للطباعة والنشر والتوزيع، 2014م، 116 صفحة. القيم التربوية والأخلاقية (مفهومها - أسسها - مصادرها)، إيهاب عيسى المصري وطارق عبد الرؤوف عامر، القاهرة: مؤسسة طيبة للنشر والتوزيع، 2013م، 265 صفحة. الأحكام الشرعية بين التعبُّد ومعقولية المعنى، عمر محمد عبد العزيز، القاهرة: دار البصائر للطباعة والنشر والتوزيع، 2013م، 452 صفحة. حركة الإصلاح في التراث الإسلامي، شارل سان برو، ترجمة: أسامة نبيل، القاهرة: المركز القومي للترجمة، 2014م، 191 صفحة. الحضارة الإسلامية: أسباب الانحطاط والحاجة إلى الإصلاح، محمد عمر شابرا، ترجمة: محمد زهير السمهوري، الأردن: المعهد العالمي للفكر الإسلامي، 2012م، 272 صفحة. الحركة الإسلامية المغربية: صعود أم أفول، أحمد الريسوني، القاهرة: دار الكلمة للنشر والتوزيع، 2014م، 116 صفحة. Reformist Voices of Islam: Mediating Islam and Modernity, Shireen Hunter (Editor), Routledge, November 2014, 322 pages. Egypt: The Split of an Identity: The Impact of the West's Liberal Ideas on the Evolution and Dichotomy of Egypt's National ID, Shawki Abdelrehim, Strategic Book Publishing, July, 2013, 146 pages. Islam, Context, Pluralism and Democracy: Classical and Modern Interpretations, Yaser Ellethy (Editor), Routledge, December 2014, 345 pages. Ethics and Values in Social Research, Paul Ransome, Palgrave Macmillan, April, 2013, 200 pages. Values & Ethics in Counselling and Psychotherapy, Gillian M Proctor, SAGE Publications Ltd, April 2014, 264 pages. Education, Society and the Pursuit of Values, Andrew J. Baker, Austin Macauley Publishers Ltd, March 2015, 323 pages. Islamic Reform in South Asia, Filippo Osella and Caroline Osella (Editors), Cambridge University Press, June 2013, 535 pages. Reform and Modernity in Islam: The Philosophical, Cultural and Political Discourses Among Muslim Reformers, Safdar Ahmed, I. B. Tauris, June 2013, 288 pages. A History of Modern Morocco, Susan Gilson Miller, Cambridge University Press, April 2013, 336 pages. The Ethnographic State: France and the Invention of Moroccan Islam, Edmund Burke III, University of California Press, September 2014, 288 pages. Vitality and Dynamism: Interstitial Dialogues of Language, Politics, and Religion in Morocco's Literary Tradition, Kirstin Ruth Bratt, Youness M. Elbousty and Devin J. Stewart (Editors), Routledge, November 2014, 204 pages. Old Texts, New Practices: Islamic Reform in Modern Morocco, Etty Terem, Stanford University Press, April 2014, 248 pages. للحصول على كامل المقالة مجانا يرجى النّقر على ملف ال PDF  في اعلى يمين الصفحة.

scholarly journals Interactive multimedia information for digital Anatomy Museum

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matina Kiourexidou ◽  
Nikos Antonopoulos ◽  
Eugenia Kiourexidou ◽  
Rigas Kotsakis ◽  
George Heliades ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Human Anatomy ◽  
Multimedia Content ◽  
Website Design ◽  
Digital Museum ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

Online technology advances and the reduction of their cost have facilitated their use by museums. Today, internet users visit museums’ websites around the world on regular basis. Website design helps to disseminate information and multimedia content from exhibitions and to attract visitors as well. The integrated communication strategy of the museums has changed due to digital museums development. The exhibits of anatomical museums present the complexity of human anatomy to medical students and to general public. Visiting of such museums could be difficult as the impact of their exhibits on visitors could lead to various reactions. These museums offer medical knowledge employing anatomical maps, bones, cadavers and various items explaining the history of anatomy and medicine. The aim of this research is to create and present a digital multimedia museum of Anatomy, located at the School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. The results of this study focus on the development of a digital museum for citizens, that offers an integrated, open access experience for all. The research contributes to the construction of anatomical museums’ digital presence using online new technologies and multimedia content.

scholarly journals Medieval Islamic Medicine

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-143
Author(s):  
Daniel Martin Varisco
Keyword(s):  
Medical Curriculum ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Islamic Medicine ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
History Of ◽  
European Colonialism ◽  
Medical Traditions ◽  
The Impact

One of the acknowledged contributions to late medieval western educationwas the tradition of Islamic medicine, both for its role in preserving earlierGreek medical knowledge and, as the authors of this book demonstrate, forinnovative and creative advances in medical diagnosis, treatment, and patientcare. Pormann and Savage-Smith provide an informative overview of thehistory of medicine in the Islamic world, from the Prophet’s sayings to theperiod of extensive contact with European colonialism. Their work supplementsand updates the slim volume ofManfred Ullmann, to whom this bookis dedicated, entitled Islamic Medicine (Edinburgh University Press: 1976). Consciously avoiding a sweeping history of a vast scientific field, theauthors narrate a readable story of Islamicmedicine and provide suggestionsfor further reading at the end of each chapter. Without question, this volumecan be considered the best and most critical introduction to the field and aguide for future research.One of the most important critical issues probed is the impact of Greekmedicine, especially as mediated through Byzantine sources, on the emergenceof a distinctive “Islamic” approach to medicine. The synthetic corpusof the Hippocratic writings and the works of Galen formed the holistic basisfor the scientific development of medical theory (chapter 2), including thehumoral system, diet, pharmacology, disease diagnosis, anatomy, and surgery.The authors also discuss other currents of medical knowledge, from theAlexandrian medical curriculum to the knowledge found in Sasanid Persia,Syriac Christian sources, India, and even unto China. The translation of non-Arabic texts was a major contribution, but “Greek medicine as well as someelements of other medical traditions were transformed and not merely givenpermanent right of abode as aliens, they were assimilated, adapted, andfinally adopted in the truest sense of the word into Islamic society” (p. 37) ...

Investigating the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Stigma Among Young Adults With History of Suicide Attempts

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meshan Lehmann ◽  
Matthew R. Hilimire ◽  
Lawrence H. Yang ◽  
Bruce G. Link ◽  
Jordan E. DeVylder
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Self-esteem is a major contributor to risk for repeated suicide attempts. Prior research has shown that awareness of stigma is associated with reduced self-esteem among people with mental illness. No prior studies have examined the association between self-esteem and stereotype awareness among individuals with past suicide attempts. Aims: To understand the relationship between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among young adults who have and have not attempted suicide. Method: Computerized surveys were administered to college students (N = 637). Linear regression analyses were used to test associations between self-esteem and stereotype awareness, attempt history, and their interaction. Results: There was a significant stereotype awareness by attempt interaction (β = –.74, p = .006) in the regression analysis. The interaction was explained by a stronger negative association between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among individuals with past suicide attempts (β = –.50, p = .013) compared with those without attempts (β = –.09, p = .037). Conclusion: Stigma is associated with lower self-esteem within this high-functioning sample of young adults with histories of suicide attempts. Alleviating the impact of stigma at the individual (clinical) or community (public health) levels may improve self-esteem among this high-risk population, which could potentially influence subsequent suicide risk.

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