scholarly journals Seed dormancy and germination in tree tomato (Solanum betaceum Cav.) and lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-347
Author(s):  
Alba Marina Torres-González
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Maximum Temperatures ◽  
Solanum Betaceum ◽  
Tree Tomato

Tree tomato (Solanum betaceum Cav.) and lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.) fruits enjoy high consumption and commercialization in Colombia. Seed dormancy has been reported for both species, and their propagation depends on seeds. The optimal germination conditions for these species are not well known. Thus, the temperature regimes for the seed germination were based on the mean, minimum and maximum temperatures of the locations where the crops were grown. Germination tests were carried out in four replicates of 50 seeds each on Petri dishes for both crops. Six temperature conditions and four pre-treatments were evaluated to break the seed dormancy for several seed lots. S. betaceum and S. quitoese exhibited shallow seed dormancy, and less dormancy was detected in the commercialized cultivars, such as S. betaceum cv. Tamarillo and S. quitoense (i.e. common lulo). For both species, the most recently harvested seeds had more germination capacity than the seeds stored for several months at a low seed moisture content (4%) and low storage temperature (20°C). The seed dormancy of S. betaceum and S. quitoense was broken successfully by applying GA3 (2,000 mg L-1) or alternating temperatures (e.g. 25/15°C). However, both treatments at the same time did not provide an additional benefit to promote seed germination. Potassium nitrate (1%) promoted seed germination in the S. betaceum seeds at both constant and alternating temperatures and in the S. quitoense seeds, only when alternating temperatures were applied. The application of GA3 increased the rate of germination more than KNO3 for both species at all temperatures. Using any of these treatments would work well to break seed dormancy in S. betaceum and S. quitoense, and the most convenient option could be selected depending upon budget and other resources.

Seed Dormancy in Red Rice (Oryza sativa) I. Effect of Temperature on Dry-Afterripening

Weed Science ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc A. Cohn ◽  
J. A. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Dry Storage ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Seed Moisture

The effect of postharvest storage temperature (–15, 5, 20, and 30 C) on seed dormancy of red rice [Oryza sativa L. ‘strawhulled (SH)’], an annual species, was studied. Intact and dehulled (by hand) seeds were dormant at harvest. Intact seeds were nondormant (greater than 90% germination at 30 C) after dry storage at 20 or 30 C for 4 weeks after harvest. In intact seeds stored dry at 5 C, the degree of dormancy was dependent upon postharvest exposure time at 20 C prior to storage. Dormancy of intact seeds decreased at 5 C as this initial postharvest exposure to 20 C was increased from 2 to 7 days. This effect of initial 20 C exposure was independent of seed moisture content (11 to 12%). After dry storage of intact seeds at 5 C, dehulling promoted germination. Germination of such dehulled seeds increased with increasing storage time at 5 C up to 11 months when complete germination occurred. The response of seeds dehulled immediately after dry storage at 5 C was independent of prior exposure time (2 to 7 days) at 20 C. Storage at −15 C prevented all forms of dry-afterripening for 1 yr.

scholarly journals After-Ripening Increased Seed Germination in Commercial Aubergine Seed Lots

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Eren OZDEN ◽  
Ibrahim DEMIR
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Commercial Seed ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Petri Dishes

This work tested the effect of after-ripening on seed germination of thirteen commercial seed lots from four open pollinated cultivars (Aydın Siyahı, Kemer, Pala and Topan) of aubergine (Solanum melongena L.). Seeds were stored (after-ripened) at 5 °C with at 9% seed moisture content over 14 days in the dark in hermetic conditions. After-ripened seeds were tested at 25 °C and 20/30 °C (16/8 h) together with a control at 20/30 °C for 14 days in petri dishes. Results indicated that after-ripening significantly (p < 0.05) increased total germination in six lots and normal germination in eight lots out of thirteen when germination was tested at 25 °C. Increases were also observed eleven lots in total and thirteen in normal germination percentages out of thirteen when seeds were tested at 20/30 °C. Cumulative germination showed that after-ripened seeds germinated faster than control either germinated at 25 or 20/30 °C. Results indicated that aubergine seed germination can be increased through after-ripening treatment which shows the presence of seed dormancy in this species.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Seed Dormancy and Germination of Greater Bur-Parsley (Turgenia latifolia)

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. REZVANI ◽  
S.A. SADATIAN ◽  
H. NIKKHAHKOUCHAKSARAEI
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Planting Depth ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Drought And Salt Stresses

ABSTRACT: Our knowledge about seed dormancy breaking and environmental factors affecting seed germination of greater bur-parsley (Turgenia latifolia) is restricted. This study has addressed some seed dormancy breaking techniques, including different concentrations of gibberellic acid (GA3) and potassium nitrate (KNO3), leaching duration, physical scarification as well as some environmental factors effective on seed germination such as salt and drought stresses, pH and seed planting depth. Seed germination was promoted with lower concentrations of KNO3 (0.01 to 0.02 g L-1), while higher concentrations reduced germination percentage. Seed dormancy was declined by low concentrations of GA3 up to 100 ppm. Seeds of greater bur-parsley germinated in a range of pH from 3 to 7. With enhancement of drought and salt stresses, seed germination decreased. Also, there was no seed germination in a high level of stresses. Seedling emergence reduced as planting depth increased. Use of GA3, KNO3, leaching and physical scarification had a positive effect on seed dormancy breaking of greater bur-parsley. The information from the study increases our knowledge about seed dormancy breaking techniques, response of germination to drought and salt stresses and also determination of distribution regions of greater bur-parsley in the future.

scholarly journals Storage of seeds of Calamus palustris var. cochinchinensis

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-207
Author(s):  
Y.K. Fan ◽  
M. Liu ◽  
J.X. Hu ◽  
M.Y. Ji ◽  
Q.Y. Lan
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Aluminum Foil ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Desiccation ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Mature Seeds

The present study examined the effect of temperature (15, 20, 25, 30 and 20/30°C) on germination and the storage behaviour of freshly harvested mature seeds of Calamus palustris var. cochinchinensis. Seed desiccation tolerance and the effects of storage temperature (4 and 15°C), perlite water content (120, 180 and 240%) and seed moisture content (27.8, 38.2 and 49.2%) on viability were observed. Seeds had a higher germination at 25°C (88.3%) than at the other tested temperatures. Germination decreased as the seed moisture content decreased during desiccation. The germination of seeds stored at 15°C was higher than that of seeds stored at 4°C. Germination of seeds stored at 15 and 4°C was <65% and with extension of storage time, the germination decreased, indicating that neither temperature can be used for long-term conservation. For short-term storage, the seeds can be stored at 15°C with perlite with 180% water content in plastic bottles or at 15°C with 49.2% moisture content sealed inside aluminum foil bags.

scholarly journals STORAGE OF TRUE POTATO SEED

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 577c-577
Author(s):  
Noël Pallais
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
True Potato Seed ◽  
Seedling Vigor ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Seed Moisture

True potato seed of Atzimba × 104.12LB (intermediate dormancy) was dried to seed moisture contents ranging from 3.85 to 12.5% (dry wt basis) and was stored for 2 years at 30, 15 and 5°C. Seed was tested for various germination and seedling vigor criteria at 4 month intervals. Seed dormancy and viability were better preserved at seed moisture levels below 7% and as temperature decreased. High moisture (>9%) was lethal to seed stored at 30°C. TPS should be stored at <5% seed moisture content. Under this condition seed dormancy in the genotype studied was lost after about 12 months at 30°C.

scholarly journals Methods of breaking seed dormancy for ornamental passion fruit species

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thalita Neves Marostega ◽  
Petterson Baptista Da Luz ◽  
Armando Reis Tavares ◽  
Leonarda Grillo Neves ◽  
Severino De Paiva Sobrinho
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Commercial Plant ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Breaking Seed Dormancy ◽  
And Control

The Passiflora L. genus covers a diversity of wild species with ornamental potential, especially due to the intrinsic beauty of its exotic flowers, flowering more than once a year and the lush foliage. However, Passiflora seeds present dormancy complicating seed germination and the establishment of commercial plant production with species with high ornamental potential. This study was conducted to determine the best pre-germination treatments to overcome seed dormancy for Passiflora quadrangularis, P. nitida, P. foetida, P. eichleriana, P. alata, P. cincinnata, P. mucronata, P. micropetala, P. suberosa, P. morifolia and P. tenuifila. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five treatments and four replicates, with 25 seeds per plot. Pre-germination treatments were: seeds soaked in 1,000 mg L- 1 GA3 (gibberellic acid) for 6 hours, seeds soaked in 0.2 % KNO3 (potassium nitrate) for 24 hours, seeds soaked in 1 % KNO3 for 24 hours, partial seedcoat scarification with sandpaper number 120 and control (seeds untreated). Percentage of germination, germination velocity index and radicle length were evaluated for all species. The results showed that GA3 was effective to overcome seed dormancy in P. suberosa (86%), P. morifolia (68 %) and P. tenuifila (54%). KNO3 1% had significant effect on overcoming dormancy in seeds of P. eichleriana (66%) and scarification with sandpaper increased seed germination of P. micropetala (38%).

scholarly journals 069 Preservation of Lettuce Seed for 30 Years: Cryopreservation Retarded Deterioration

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 400D-400
Author(s):  
P.C. Stanwood ◽  
L. Wheeler ◽  
L.E. Towill
Keyword(s):  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Lettuce Seed ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Fresh Weight Basis ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Nitrogen Vapor ◽  
Long Term Preservation

Long-term preservation of seed germplasm is a high agricultural priority. It assures that genetic diversity will be available for future generations for continued plant improvement. This experiment reports on the affect that storage temperature had on the viability of 65 selections of lettuce seed stored for 30 years. The average seed moisture content was 5.5% ± 0.5% (fresh weight basis). Fresh seed samples were placed at 5 °C storage in 1969. In 1975 they were then transferred to -18 °C storage. Viability remained at 98% ± 5% for the first 14 years of 5 /-18 °C storage, then viability declined. At 17 years storage, the average viability had dropped to 75% and continued to drop at about 4%/year. At the 17-year mark, individual samples were split, one-half remained at -18 °C the other half was placed under liquid nitrogen vapor (lnv) conditions (about -150 to -190 °C). The -18 °C stored samples continued to deteriorate to 14% viability at the 30 year test period (1999). The samples placed in lnv did not decrease further in viability and remained at 75% viability at the 30-year mark. Seed vigor was reduced in the -18 °C stored seeds that were still viable. The lnv-preserved samples were significantly more vigorous. It is clear from this experiment that lnv preservation was significantly superior to -18 °C storage and, in fact, stopped or significantly reduced the rate of viability loss in samples that are rapidly deteriorating.

scholarly journals Effect of Scarification, Seed Storage Temperature, and Relative Humidity on Lupinus havardii Wats. and Lupinus texensis Hook. Seed Germination

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 782-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne A. Mackay
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Seed Scarification

Seeds of Lupinus havardii Wats. and L. texensis Hook. were subjected to scarification, storage temperature (4 or 22 °C), and relative humidity (RH) treatments (11%, 23%, 52%, 75%, or 97% RH) for 12 months. Seed moisture increased as relative humidity increased with scarified seed having the greatest increase in seed moisture content regardless of storage temperature. For both species, the combination of seed scarification before storage, 75% RH, and 22 °C storage temperature resulted in a significant and rapid decline in germinability beginning at 4 months. Scarified L. texensis seed stored at 52% RH and 22 °C also exhibited a significant decline in germinability following 6 months storage. Seed of both species stored under all other conditions germinated similar to or higher than the initial germination rate after 12 months. These results clearly show that scarification can be performed before seed packaging as long as the seed packets are stored at ≤23% RH under 4 or 22 °C with no loss in germinability for at least 1 year.

Environmental factors affect seed germination and seedling emergence of invasive Centaurea balsamita

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iraj Nosratti ◽  
Samira Soltanabadi ◽  
Saeid J. Honarmand ◽  
Bhagirath S. Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Western Iran ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Wide Range

Centaurea balsamita is a problematic and invasive weed of agricultural fields in western Iran. This study was conducted to determine the effect of different environmental factors on germination and seedling emergence of this weed species. Results revealed that seed germination occurred over a wide range of temperatures (from 5°C to 35°C) with the highest germination at 25°C. Seed germination of C. balsamita was similar between light and dark conditions. Germination decreased with increased in water stress levels, but some seeds were capable of germinating at –1.4 MPa osmotic potential. Seed germination was sensitive to salt stress and complete inhibition occurred at 150 mM sodium chloride. Seed germination of C. balsamita occurred over a pH range of 4–10 with lowest seed germination at pH 4. Seed germination was inhibited by increasing concentrations of potassium nitrate. No seedlings emerged when seeds were buried in the soil at depths greater than 6 cm, suggesting that using a sweep cultivator in crops and deep tillage would be beneficial in managing C. balsamita. The ability of C. balsamita to germinate under a wide range of temperature regimes and high levels of osmotic potential shows that this weed is well adapted to invade other cropping regions, especially rain-fed fields in western Iran.

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