Feeding Africa: A Dissent from Development

1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 20-22
Author(s):  
Hoyt Alverson
Keyword(s):  
High Rate ◽  
The World ◽  
Mass Starvation ◽  
Year 2000 ◽  
Very High ◽  
Paul Ehrlich

The population of Africa is roughly estimated to be 300,000,000 and believed to be growing at a very high rate, perhaps as much as 3 percent per annum. If these figures are accurate, Africa will have a population of over one-half billion by the year 2000. In light of this prospect, a question asked more from desperation than curiosity is whether these millions can all be fed, at least enough to avert mass starvation and pandemic malnutrition. Paul Ehrlich and others have argued it is not possible. “The battle to feed all of humanity is over. In the 1970’s the world will undergo famine, hundreds of millions of people are going to starve to death.”

scholarly journals The competitiveness of Czech agrarian trade within the context of the global crisis

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 183-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Smutka ◽  
J. Burianová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
World Trade ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
High Rate ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The World ◽  
Territorial Structure ◽  
Merchandise Trade ◽  
Very High

World trade underwent a significant shock within the recent years, which caused a decline in the world economy primarily in the year 2009. Within the following years (2010 and 2011), the high rate of growth from the years preceding the crisis could not be restored. The crisis had an impact on all segments of the merchandise trade, whereby the trade in agricultural and food products was affected the least by the crisis. In the case of the Czech Republic, the crisis of the global and national economy was reflected in the case of agricultural trade primarily by the way of a decline in the rate of the growth of export, which was very high in the period prior to the crisis. As far as the territorial structure and commodity structure of agricultural trade is concerned, their development in the years 2008–2011 was not affected in any largely significant manner. In relation to the main objective of this article, which was to identify the effects of the crisis on the competitiveness of Czech agricultural trade, it may be stated that the crisis itself did not worsen the competitiveness of agricultural trade in any significant manner.  

scholarly journals Origin, diversity and distribution of freshwater epigean amphipods in Maghreb

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaoula Ayati ◽  
Ramzi Hadjab ◽  
Hichem Khammar ◽  
Sonia Dhaouadi ◽  
Christophe Piscart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northern Africa ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
General Lack ◽  
The World ◽  
Low Diversity ◽  
Freshwater Amphipods ◽  
Freshwater Fauna ◽  
Very High

Northern Africa, although one of the world hotpots of biodiversity, is poorly studied and the freshwater fauna living in this part of the world remains partly unknown. This study focused on the diversity and distribution of the poorly known epigean freshwater amphipods. We performed an exhaustive analysis of the literature on this group of crustaceans and sampled 106 additional localities from the eastern part of Algeria and in Tunisia. Our results showed an important diversity with 25 species (including the presence of at least three new undescribed species) and a very high rate of endemism with 52% of species occurring at on only 1 or 2 sites. We also highlighted a very low diversity on each site with only 4.4% of sites harboring more than 1 species. The comparative distribution of certain species between Europe and Maghreb and also between the western and eastern part of Northern Africa allow us to discuss some hypotheses about the factors underlying this endemism and the biogeographical origin of species. However, our study revealed a general lack of knowledge in the region, especially in the South of Morocco and Algeria. Hence, more information would be needed to propose adapted conservation strategies of freshwater fauna in Maghreb.

scholarly journals BECKER AND THE DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Lee
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
World War ◽  
Rapid Population Growth ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Gary Becker ◽  
The World ◽  
Mass Starvation ◽  
Paul Ehrlich

It was a different era when Gary Becker did his groundbreaking work on the economics of fertility, during the years from the late 1950 through the early 1990s. There was great concern then about the “population explosion” due to sustained high fertility in the developing world after mortality declined following World War II. In 1968, Paul Ehrlich published “The Population Bomb” predicting disaster and mass starvation due to rapid population growth: “The battle to feed all of humanity is over. In the 1970s, the world will undergo famines – hundreds of millions of people are going to starve to death. . . .” Robert McNamara, then the President of the World Bank, in 1984 said “Short of thermonuclear war itself, population growth is the gravest issue the world faces over the decades immediately ahead. If we do not act, the problem will be solved by famine, riots, insurrection and war.”

scholarly journals Use of Crowdfunding for Developing Social Enterprises: An Islamic Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazamul Hoque ◽  
Mohammad Hasmat Ali ◽  
Sirajul Arefeen ◽  
Md. Masrurul Mowla ◽  
Abdullahil Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Social Enterprise ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Social Equity ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
High Rate ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Social Business ◽  
Product Service ◽  
The World ◽  
Very High

Crowd-funding is an open call to mass people through the internet for fund in the form of financial donation, lending, or in any other forms such as in exchange for a future product, service, or reward. The concept is relatively new but growing at a very high rate around the world. Companies are using it mostly for efficiency ground. This study is based on the argument that conventional crowd-funding models cannot be applicable exactly in the Islamic societies due to philosophical ground. In this paper, we have discussed crowd-funding models from Islamic perspectives for funding projects of social enterprise/social business in the Muslim societies with a view to ensure social equity and justice by removing many social problems like unemployment and poverty.

scholarly journals Integrating African Pentecostalism into the theological education of South African Universities: An urgent task

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mookgo S. Kgatle
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Theological Education ◽  
High Rate ◽  
South African Context ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
The World ◽  
South African Universities ◽  
African Context ◽  
Pentecostal Churches ◽  
Very High

African Pentecostalism continues to be a growing part of Christianity both in Africa and the rest of the world. Pentecostal churches in Africa are on the rise at a very high rate. However, theological education in South African universities does not reflect this reality, but continues to be of a western orientation. Therefore, there is an urgent need and demand for a theological education that will be relevant to Africa. It is an urgent need for African Pentecostalism to be integrated into the theological education of South African universities. This can be achieved by integrating African Pentecostalism into the curriculum, by decolonising Pentecostal research and by the emergence of critical African scholars that can address cutting-edge issues in a South African context. Thus, theological education in South African universities shall be a contextual and relevant one.

scholarly journals The Main Tendencies in the Development of Ecologically Oriented Business in Ukraine and Worldwide

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (514) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Y. S. Нerasymenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Proportion ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Bakery Products ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Us Dollar ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Very High ◽  
The Eu

The article is aimed at assessing the main tendencies in the development of ecologically oriented business in Ukraine and in certain regions of the world. The major tendencies in the development of ecologically oriented business both in Ukraine and worldwide are researched. The production of organic products in the world for 1999–2018 was analyzed in terms of acreage, production volumes and structure. It is emphasized that the growth rate of this market is very high in all analyzed indicators. Global organic products market volumes in 2017 amounted to USD 97 billion, compared to USD 15.2 billion in 1999. In view of the volume of consumption per inhabitant, the leaders were Switzerland (USD 325), Denmark (USD 315) and Sweden (USD 268). In Ukraine, the amount of consumption per capita was less than 1 US dollar. The largest markets in absolute terms were the USA and the EU countries. The structure of the organic market of different countries was studied, as well as the leaders in the consumption of organic products were identified. It is specified that the structure of the organic products market in each country has significant features. Thus, in Norway, a significant proportion belongs to baby food products (33.1%), while Germany has the widespread consumption of organic bread and bakery products (8%), and eggs (21.0%). It is underlined that the vast majority of organic products produced in Ukraine are exported (EUR 104 million in 2018). In Ukraine during 2002–2017, acreages under organic crops grew at a high rate (from 164.4 thousand hectares to 420 thousand hectares). However, in 2018 there was a decrease in these areas to the level of 309.1 thousand hectares, although the number of enterprises engaged in production increased from 375 to 501. It is concluded that further development of the organic products market is possible only if the level of incomes together with the State support of producers increase.

Innovation and the Development of Recipes and Formulations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Kelly
Keyword(s):  
New Product ◽  
Production Quality ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
High Likelihood ◽  
Media Campaigns ◽  
The World ◽  
Fresh Foods ◽  
Very High

Many studies have reported astonishing statistics about the rate of introduction of new food products globally, with new products appearing probably at least every hour somewhere around the world, if not more frequently. If you could go into a food store anywhere in the world and somehow take a snapshot of the range of products on the shelf, then revisit it five years later and do a comparison of what you find, there would be a huge surprise in terms of the turnover. Many products will have disappeared, and many new ones will have appeared. For those that remain across this time span, there is a very high likelihood that they have changed in less visible ways, in terms of modifications to their formulation, package, or the process by which they are made. Even fresh foods like fruit, vegetables, meat, and fish are likely to have benefited from scientific advances in their production, quality, or transportation in an optimal state of quality and safety. Why is there such a high rate of change? There are two main drivers, one external to those who produce the food and that relates to the highly fluid and some­times unpredictable expectations and demand of consumers, and one more specific to the food producer that relates to new opportunities in technology, formulation, or scientific understanding. For any new product to be successful on the market requires two successful changes in behavior of consumers. The first is that, instead or as well as what they normally purchase, they need to buy to try a new product, and drop it into their basket or cart as a result of a planned or spontaneous decision to do so. To achieve this is primarily the responsibility of experts in marketing, who can divine what consumers want, develop a strategy accordingly, and then deploy the appropriate tools to bring the product to the attention of those who are most likely to buy the product, such as through promotions, advertisements, and probably, in today’s world, social media campaigns.

How India Fights with COVID-19 with Learning from Highly Affected Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooja Sharma ◽  
Karan Veer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Risk ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Very High ◽  
Breathing Problem

: It was 11 March 2020 when the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the name COVID-19 for coronavirus disease and also described it as a pandemic. Till that day 118,000 cases were confirmed of pneumonia with breathing problem throughout the world. At the start of New Year when COVID-19 came into knowledge a few days later, the gene sequencing of the virus was revealed. Today the number of confirmed cases is scary, i.e. 9,472,473 in the whole world and 484,236 deaths have been recorded by WHO till 26 June 2020. WHO's global risk assessment is very high [1]. The report is enlightening the lessons learned by India from the highly affected countries.

Spillovers to the Global South

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilmaz Akyüz
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Global South ◽  
Capital Inflows ◽  
Global Crisis ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
The World ◽  
Run Up ◽  
Global Growth ◽  
Very High

The crisis demolished the myth that EDEs were decoupled from advanced economies and BRICS were becoming new engines of global growth. From 2011 onwards, with the end of the twin booms in commodity prices and capital inflows, growth in EDEs has converged downward towards the depressed levels of advanced economies from the very high levels achieved in the run-up to the global crisis and the immediate aftermath. Loss of momentum is particularly visible in economies that failed to manage the earlier booms prudently. In examining the spillovers from policies in major advanced economies and China to EDEs, the chapter introduces the notion of commodity-finance nexus wherein these markets reinforce each other during both expansions and contractions. The chapter concludes with a brief discussion of policies needed to put the world economy into decent shape and to avoid liquidity and debt crises in EDEs.

scholarly journals Rapamycin: Drug Repurposing in SARS-CoV-2 Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Jiri Patocka ◽  
Kamil Kuca ◽  
Patrik Oleksak ◽  
Eugenie Nepovimova ◽  
Martin Valis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Human Health ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Drug Repurposing ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Suitable Candidate ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
The World

Since December 2019, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has been a worldwide pandemic with enormous consequences for human health and the world economy. Remdesivir is the only drug in the world that has been approved for the treating of COVID-19. This drug, as well as vaccination, still has uncertain effectiveness. Drug repurposing could be a promising strategy how to find an appropriate molecule: rapamycin could be one of them. The authors performed a systematic literature review of available studies on the research describing rapamycin in association with COVID-19 infection. Only peer-reviewed English-written articles from the world’s acknowledged databases Web of Science, PubMed, Springer and Scopus were involved. Five articles were eventually included in the final analysis. The findings indicate that rapamycin seems to be a suitable candidate for drug repurposing. In addition, it may represent a better candidate for COVID-19 therapy than commonly tested antivirals. It is also likely that its efficiency will not be reduced by the high rate of viral RNA mutation.

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