Ideas and Welfare: The Conservative Transformation of the British Pension Regime

2000 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
HIROSHI ARAKI
Keyword(s):  
Policy Process ◽  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Conservative Party ◽  
Labour Party ◽  
Controversial Issue ◽  
Pension Reforms ◽  
The Past ◽  
Post War ◽  
Over Time

Pensions are a controversial issue in Britain. During the past fifty years, pension reforms have been challenged by the competing policies of the Conservative Party and the Labour Party. There were differences in the nature, scope and extent of pension policies between them: the Conservatives encouraged private pension provision while the Labour Party promoted state provision. Based on core principles of freedom and personal responsibility, the Conservatives persistently over time implemented policies in line with these beliefs. This article explores this transformation of the post-war pension regime. An attempt is made here to sketch out a new explanation of this transformation in drawing on recent theories of the role of ideas and ideology in the policy process. The recent apparent convergence in policy thinking on pensions between the Labour Party and the Conservative Party highlights the importance of core ideological principles.

In search of lost space: The process of space planning through remembering and history

Organization ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio James Petani ◽  
Jeanne Mengis
Keyword(s):  
Production Of Space ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
The Past ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Contested Narratives

This article explores the role of remembering and history in the process of planning new spaces. We trace how the organizational remembering of past spaces enters the conception (i.e. planning) of a large culture center. By drawing on Henri Lefebvre’s reflections on history, time and memory, we analyze the processual interconnections of his spatial triad, namely between the planned, practiced, and lived moments of the production of space. We find that over time space planning involves recurrent, changing, and contested narratives on ‘lost spaces’, remembering happy spaces of the past that articulate a desire to regain them. The notion of lost space adds to our understanding of how space planning involves, through organizational remembering, a sociomaterial and spatiotemporal work of relating together different spaces and times in non-linear narratives of repetition.

scholarly journals Public policy, public utility and citizens: The impact of privatization

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Μαντώ Λαμπροπούλου (Manto Lampropoulou)
Keyword(s):  
Public Utility ◽  
Network Industries ◽  
Public Enterprises ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
The Past ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Over the past two decades, utilities policy in Greece has been steadily shifting towards privatization and liberalization. This shift signified a critical reconsideration of the boundaries and the dynamics of the relationship between the state and the market in network industries. Public debate usually focuses on issues of ownership of public enterprises and economic performance. On the contrary, this book places the emphasis on the socio-economic implications of utilities policy for citizens. A key issue is the impact of privatization on the relationship between government (state), public enterprises (market) and citizens (society). The study covers the period from the post-war state monopolies to the current circumstances of mixed/private ownership of public enterprises and liberalized markets. The main questions addressed in this book are the following: What is the rationale (legitimization) for government intervention in the utilities sector? What are the politics of nationalization and privatization? How different policy contexts affect the institutional, organizational and regulatory framework of the utilities sector? Who are the key-stakeholders and policy actors? What is the role of citizens? What is the (re)distribution of utilities policy costs and benefits among stakeholders?

Must Labour lose? Lessons from post-war history

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Jefferys
Keyword(s):  
Conservative Party ◽  
Labour Party ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
The Political ◽  
Post War ◽  
Political Question ◽  
Standing Question

Kevin Jefferys addresses the long-standing question of whether ‘Must Labour Lose?’ This has been an intriguing political question ever since it was first posed in 1960 by Mark Abrams and Richard Rose. Examining the post-war record of the Labour Party, alongside that of the Conservative Party, Kevin Jefferys questions the inevitability of Labour’s decline through a detailed examination of the political results since 1945. Instead of Labour’s inevitable decline he suggests that there is a pattern of the Labour Party success and defeats that are conditioned by the economic circumstances, the performance of the Conservative party, and the leadership of the Labour Party. In the end, he argues that Labour may not always lose but that, given the gap between the opinion about the leadership in the party and the electorate in the country, it may be some time before Labour regains power.

scholarly journals Neoliberalism and trade unions in Britain

Tempo Social ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-28
Author(s):  
Steve Cushion
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Conservative Party ◽  
Labour Party ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Ruling Class ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Parliamentary Politics

For the past 30 years, Britain’s ruling class has been deeply split over membership of the European Union. This came to a head over the referendum on so-called “Brexit”. The Conservative Party (Tories) was split into “Remain” and “Leave” wings, both neoliberal, but with a different interpretation of the best way to make profits for the section of British capitalism each represents. Meanwhile the Labour Party is divided between the pro-business, neoliberal wing and the social democratic, reformist wing. The trade unions, with one or two notable exceptions, have conducted their activities within the parameters of parliamentary politics and desperately hoped for a Labour victory. The recent general election gave complete victory to the “Leave” Tories, which is potentially disastrous for the trade unions and their members.

‘Putting Animals into Politics’: The Labour Party and Hunting in the First Half of the Twentieth Century

Rural History ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL TICHELAR
Keyword(s):  
Rural Community ◽  
Labour Party ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Labour Government ◽  
Labour Movement ◽  
The Government ◽  
Post War ◽  
Second World

This article will discuss the background to opposition to hunting within the Labour Party before the Second World War, and in particular the role of the Humanitarian League and its successor the League Against Cruel Sports. It will highlight internal tensions of class and ideology that are still current today. It will examine the fate of two private members bills introduced in 1949 designed to prohibit hunting and coursing. Both bills were heavily defeated after the intervention of the Labour Government. This article will examine the reasons the post-war Labour Government used to oppose the bills before drawing some general conclusions about the Labour movement and blood sports. It will be argued that the primary reason why the bills were defeated was the strong desire of the Government to preserve its relationship with the farmers and the wider rural community.

Fear of Islam in Greece: migration, terrorism, and “ghosts” from the past

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandros Sakellariou
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
State Policies ◽  
Greek Orthodox ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Rhetorical Tropes ◽  
Over Time

The article explores the “fear of Islam” through a specific series of political debates about Islam and the future of the Greek-Orthodox national identity. The analysis is based on the method of qualitative content analysis, which makes use of thematic categories and draws on the proceedings of the Greek parliament. The main questions the article will try to address are: How have Greek political parties reacted to public demand for the construction of a mosque? What have been the rhetorical tropes they use? How have they capitalized on current and old fears about Islam? What have been the implications of this discourse on state policies toward Islam? Have there been any differences in this discourse over time? The analysis highlights the role of historical interpretations of Greek national identity and contemporary problems related to new waves of migration due to Greece's place on the border with Turkey and with the broader Islamic world.

scholarly journals Closing the divide: Subject librarians and scholarly communication librarians can work together to reach common goals

2017 ◽  
Vol 78 (10) ◽  
pp. 552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl A. Middleton
Keyword(s):  
Scholarly Communication ◽  
Academic Librarians ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
The Past ◽  
Common Goals ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Policies And Practices

As ACRL President, I am very interested in the changes that our members and the profession are experiencing and in making connections to our goals in the ACRL Plan for Excellence.1 Our plan enables ACRL to invest member resources in shaping policies and practices that enable us to meet the needs of our users and our institutions as they change over time. Over the past year, I’ve been doing a lot of thinking about scholarly communication and the role of academic librarians, particularly subject or liaison librarians.

scholarly journals Female Roles in La Cinta Dorada by María Manuela Reina and Models of the World

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana María Aguilar López ◽  
Marta Miguel Borge
Keyword(s):  
Internal Model ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Past ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
The World ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Psychological Balance ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Female Drama

Our model of the world that we perceive within ourselves, our conscience, in short, our psychological balance is influenced by our surroundings. Part of the input to which we are exposed in this immediate environment is related to texts, self-managed discourse, which can also influence our internal model of the world; hence they are deserving of our attention. In the same way as the models of the world that we construct throughout our lives, reality is not static and also changes as time goes by. From a social point of view, we can see that the roles of women in modern-day society and the ways that those roles can be perceived today are a consequence of changes initiated in the past within different areas and in a prolonged process over time up until our day. With the aim of evaluating whether female drama has contributed to that change, we present an analysis in this paper of the play La Cinta Dorada [The Golden Ribbon] by María Manuela Reina, written and set in the 1980s, a decade that for Spain implied a more obvious abandonment of the most traditional conceptions of the role of women. In the analysis of the play, we see how the models of the world of the older people are counterposed with those of the younger people, a generational divide that is enriched with the gender difference, as we also analyze how the psychological structures of the female and male characters confront the clichés pertaining to another era in reference to such topics as success, infidelity, matrimony, and gender. The results of our analysis demonstrate how Reina responds to archaic conceptions, thereby inciting the audiences of the day to question their respective models of the world, especially, with regard to the role of the woman in society. 

scholarly journals Tüketimin Değişen Yüzü: Elektronik Ticaret Uygulamaları ve Sosyal Paylaşım Ağlarının Rolü / The Changing Face of Consumption: E-Commerce Applications And The Role of Social Networks

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Büşra Halis
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Human History ◽  
Conceptual Content ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Past ◽  
Over Time

İnsanlık tarihi kadar eski olan tüketim, zaman içerisinde yaşanan değişim ve dönüşümlerle birlikte yeni bir boyut kazanmıştır. Eskinin, ihtiyacı kadar almak ve çalışmak gibi fenemonlerinin yerini, günümüzde daha çok satın almak için çalışmak, tükettiğinin ölçüsünde var olabilmek ya da olamamak almıştır. Tüketimin soyut anlamda kavramsal içeriğinin farklılaşmasının yanı sıra, tüketim araçları da farklılaşmıştır. Artık, yüz yüze görüşmeler yoluyla yapılan alışverişlerin yerini; fiziki mekândan bağımsız, internet üzerinden e-ticaret yoluyla ve birtakım paylaşım ağları aracılığıyla yapılan alışverişler almıştır. Bu çalışmada da, tüketimin ve tüketimde kullanılan araçların geçmişten bugüne değişen anlamı ve bu değişimi körükleyen sosyal ağ paradigması tartışılmaktadır. The Changing Face of Consumption: E-Commerce Applications And The Role of Social Networks Consumption, which is as old as human history has gained a new dimension with changes and transformations in the course of time. In the past, people bought and worked as they needed, but now, they work to buy more things except necessity and they be or not to be until they consumed. Over time, the conceptual content and tools of the consumption has changed. Shopping, which is done independent of the physical space, via the internet through e-commerce replaced shopping made by face to face. In this work, the changing meaning and tools of consumption from past to present and the paradigm of social networks which encouraging this change is to be held.

scholarly journals How to consider history in landscape ecology: patterns, processes, and pathways

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Tappeiner ◽  
Georg Leitinger ◽  
Anita Zariņa ◽  
Matthias Bürgi
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Ecology ◽  
Landscape Change ◽  
Path Dependence ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Natural Landscapes ◽  
Patterns And Processes ◽  
Event Chains ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Context Landscape ecology early on developed the awareness that central objects of investigation are not stable over time and therefore the historical dimension must be included, or at least considered. Objectives This paper considers the importance of history in landscape ecology in terms of its impact on patterns and processes and proposes to complement these with the notion of pathways in order to provide a comprehensive analysis of landscape change. Methods We develop a conceptual framework distinguishing between legacy effects, which include pattern and processes, and path dependence, with a focus of development pathways and we illustrate these perspectives by empirical examples. Results Combined short- to long-lasting imprints and legacies of historical patterns and processes reveal how present patterns and processes are in various ways influenced by legacies of the past. The focus on inherent dynamics of development pathways sheds light on the process of change itself, and its trajectories, and reveals the role of event chains and institutional reproduction. Conclusions Understanding patterns, processes, and pathways over time, allows a more complete analysis of landscape change, and forms the base to preserve vital ecosystem services of both human-made and natural landscapes for the future.

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