Bilingual discourse markers in Puerto Rican Spanish

2002 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
LOURDES TORRES
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
English Language ◽  
Puerto Ricans ◽  
Discourse Markers ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Oral Narratives ◽  
Puerto Rican Spanish ◽  
Language Discourse

This study examines bilingual discourse markers in a language contact situation. The focus is on how English-dominant, bilingual, and Spanish-dominant New York Puerto Ricans integrate English-language discourse markers into their Spanish-language oral narratives. The corpus comprises 60 Spanish-language oral narratives of personal experience extracted from transcripts of conversations with New York Puerto Ricans. After a review of the study of discourse markers in language contact situations, the use of English-language discourse markers is compared to the use of Spanish-language markers in the texts. The discussion considers the question of whether English-language discourse markers are more profitably identified as instances of code-switching or of borrowing. Finally, the essay explores how bilingual speakers integrate English discourse markers in their narratives with a pattern of usage and frequency that varies according to language proficiency.

scholarly journals Discourse Markers “A Corpus-Based Study of Written Texts by Iraqi ELPT Participants

لارك ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (41) ◽  
pp. 1258-1241
Author(s):  
Asst. Prof Mayada R.Eesa
Keyword(s):  
Language Proficiency ◽  
English Language ◽  
Proficiency Test ◽  
Discourse Markers ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Written Texts ◽  
Theoretical Status ◽  
Language Proficiency Test ◽  
Basic Characteristics

During the past years, a large number of analyses has been done on what is called discourse markers , which are considered a class of linguistic expressions. Notably, various approaches have been taken, and unsurprisingly various results have been produced as to the theoretical status of discourse markers such as Potts, 2005 or even  Blakemore, 2002.     In spite of the fact that discourse markers are typically considered as one of the basic characteristics of oral discourse, nowadays it has been also found in written texts. Therefore, the current study introduces a kind of investigation to discourse markers in written language of Iraqi participants in English Language Proficiency Test , henceforth referred to as ELPT . Throughout this study , we ll see how discourse markers have the ability in improving the quality of writing in addition to increasing the conception of text. In current research , there is an attempt to measure the participants' knowledge about Discourse Markers. The aim of this study is to find out whether Iraqi ELPT participants use discourse markers in their writing and how they use them. To justify this aim, an analysis of essays written by ELPT participants was done .

scholarly journals Trump-induced anxiety among Latina/os

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradford S. Jones ◽  
Jeffrey W. Sherman ◽  
Natalie E. Rojas ◽  
Adrienne Hosek ◽  
David L. Vannette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Language Proficiency ◽  
English Language ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Exposure Condition ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Survey Experiments ◽  
2016 Election ◽  
Immigration Issue ◽  
Policy Proposals

During the 2016 election, Donald Trump castigated unauthorized immigrants as “murderers and rapists.” During his presidency, he continued the use of this rhetoric, explicitly linking unauthorized migrants to threatening narratives. Here, we consider three questions: Did Donald Trump and his immigration positions serve as an “anxiety trigger” for Latina/os? Are individuals with contextually stigmatized attributes especially sensitive to Trump and his policy proposals? Is Spanish language itself, an attribute negatively stigmatized in the context of the immigration issue, sufficient to increase deportation anxiety? Utilizing survey experiments of Latina/os, we demonstrate that exposure to a Trump immigration cue is sufficient to increase anxiety about deportation. We also demonstrate that stigmatized attributes predict anxiety, but do not moderate the effect of the Trump cue. Lastly, we provide evidence that survey language affects anxiety among Latina/os. In Studies 1 ( n = 736) and 2 ( n = 1,040), we show that exposure to information about Trump’s immigration agenda significantly increases reports about deportation anxiety. In Study 3 ( n = 1,734), we show that the Trump exposure condition induces heightened anxiety but that Latina/o attributes (language proficiency and use, immigration status, assessed phenotype) and identity strength have an independent effect on deportation anxiety. In Study 4 ( n = 775), we randomized bilingual respondents into Spanish or English language survey protocols and found that comparable bilinguals exposed to Spanish language report higher levels of anxiety compared to English-language survey takers.

Puerto Rican Colonialism, Caribbean Radicalism, and Pueblos Hispanos’s Inter-Nationalist Alliance

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-68
Author(s):  
Cristina Pérez Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Puerto Rican ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
Puerto Ricans ◽  
World Order ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Nationalist Party ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Caribbean

Drawing from Earl Browder’s papers, this essay examines the Communist-sponsored, New York Spanish-language newspaper Pueblos Hispanos (1943–44), arguing that the publication staged an uneasy alliance between the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party and the US Communist Party by positioning Puerto Rican independence as central to a wider decolonial Caribbean and postwar world order. By analyzing Pueblos Hispanos’s practice of “inter-nationalism”—a term the author proposes to denote the flexible strategy used to mediate between competing political interests and which can serve as a model for understanding the compromised collaborations between Communist and nationalist leaders in the Caribbean—this essay expands our understanding of Communist influence in Caribbean liberation movements and begins to reinsert the contributions of early-and mid-twentieth-century Puerto Ricans, and more widely, Spanish caribeños, within a Marxist-inflected Caribbean radical tradition.

scholarly journals Discourse Markers in Arabic and English Newspaper Articles: The Case of the Arabic Lakin and its English equivalent But

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haroon Nasser Alsager ◽  
Naeem Afzal ◽  
Arwa Abdulaziz Aldawood
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
English Language ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Discourse Markers ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Arabic Speakers ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Newspaper Articles

Discourse markers, as words or phrases, play a significant role in promoting coherent segments of discourse. This paper investigates the use of discourse markers (DMs) in newspaper articles. By applying Fraser’s framework, this study aims at investigating the functions and positions of DM but (English) and its equivalent lakin (Arabic) in newspaper articles written by native and non-native speakers of English and Saudi and Egyptian speakers of Arabic. It also highlights the similarities and differences in the functions and positions of DMs but and lakin. This quantitative study adopts a corpus-based approach. The data consist of articles collected from 12 newspapers categorized as: Arabic language newspapers published in Saudi Arabia (Alriyadh, Al Jazirah, Al-Hayat) and Egypt (Al-Ahram, Al-Gomhuria, Eltahrir) and English language newspapers published in Saudi Arabia (Arab News, Saudi Gazette, Asharq Al-Awsat) and the USA (Washington Post, The New York Times, USA TODAY). Findings demonstrate, first, that DM but is used frequently as a confirmation or addition marker by both native and non-native speakers. However, second, lakin, functions as the primary correction DM in standard Arabic. Moreover, third, the native Arabic speakers mostly share the same functions of using lakin despite different dialects they have. This study also reveals that lakin can be found only in the medial position, whereas, but is found in the initial and medial position. It concludes that DMs but and lakin evidence that functions of DMs proposed by Fraser are universal and they could be generalized.

scholarly journals Language Contact: A Study of the Spanish in Two Spanish-Language Presses in Charleston, South Carolina

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-372
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Martínez-Gibson
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
Second Language Learners ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Heritage Speakers ◽  
Hispanic Populations ◽  
Contact Situation

Past studies analyzing the English influence in Spanish-language press in the United States focused on major cities of large Hispanic populations, such as, Miami, New York or Los Angeles. In recent years, the Hispanic population in the Carolinas has been growing quickly and merits studies equivalent to those of the large cities to analyze the effects of the language contact between Spanish and English. This study analyzes the English influence on the Spanish of two Spanish-language presses available in Charleston, South Carolina. The study analyzed the English influence at different linguistic levels in the two different writing styles of articles and advertisements and the types of English influence at the different linguistic levels in these two writing styles. The data were collected from one edition of each of the presses. The results indicated that the English influence found in the Spanish-language press of Charleston, sc is comparable to the findings of past studies in larger cities with greater Hispanic populations. In addition, the outcomes reveal parallels with studies on language acquisition and loss in a contact situation and studies on bilingualism of second language learners and heritage speakers. Furthermore, the findings suggest social effects on language in a contact situation at the varying linguistic levels.

Vuelta en el español ecuatoriano y así en el español fronterizo mexicano: usos subjetivos e intersubjetivos

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Holguín Mendoza ◽  
Marco Shappeck ◽  
Maria del Puy Ciriza
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Markers ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Language Discourse

AbstractThis study centers on two Spanish language discourse markers:

scholarly journals Language Proficiency Development and Study Abroad Experience: A Study On EFL Learners

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 33-58
Author(s):  
Fatma Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Language Development ◽  
Study Abroad ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
English Language ◽  
Quantitative Result ◽  
Learning Context ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Efl Learners

Study abroad experience (SA) has been regarded as one of the best ways to enhance English language proficiency because it offers opportunities for learners to experience the use of English in real instances. The present study attempted to explore the language development of a group of EFL learners participating in Erasmus program for SA experience where English is not used as L1. To achieve this, the data were collected through three instruments; Language Contact Profile (LCP), Then and Now Survey, and semi-structured interviews. Fifty-nine students answered LCP and Then and Now self-assessment and eight students were interviewed. The quantitative result revealed that students experienced greater gains in their oral skills. On the other hand, qualitative results confirm the greater gains in speaking skills with respect to other skills. Moreover, the results highlighted the significance of the learning context and the quality and quantity of interaction for language development.

Linguistic Integration Of Computer And Internet Related Anglicisms In Spanish Language Web Pages

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Morin
Keyword(s):  
Language Contact ◽  
English Language ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Lexical Resources ◽  
Linguistic Integration

AbstractThe rise of the Internet has fueled a rapid borrowing of English-language computer and Internet related lexical resources into Spanish, at the same time that it has provided an unprecedented opportunity to observe the results of this virtual language contact. The traditional stages of adaptation and integration are occurring simultaneously rather than sequentially. Many borrowings reflect early stage orthography, flagging, metalinguistic clarification, and non-typical phonology, accompanied by a full range of late stage morphological exploitation. Computer and Internet related loanwords serve as bases for the full range of word formation processes in Spanish, including inflection, prefixation, emotive and non-emotive suffixation, acronymy, clipping, and composition and blending. However, while many borrowed bases are available for the creation of loanblends of all types, the number of native morphemes with which the bases combine is actually quite reduced, representing a very small handful out of all the derivational suffixes in the Spanish language.

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