Czech Attitudes toward the Hungarian Revolution

1976 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Joseph F. Zacek
Keyword(s):  
Negative Response ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
Hungarian Revolution ◽  
Political Integrity ◽  
Revolution Of 1848 ◽  
The Revolution

Throughout the Revolution of 1848–1849 the national aspirations of the Hungarians generally evoked a negative response from both liberal and radical Czechs, although, on the whole, the radicals expressed less hostility than the liberals toward developments in Hungary. Of the two groups, the Czech radicals were the least interested in maintaining the territorial and political integrity of the Habsburg monarchy and the more revolutionary in their demands and expectations. Consequently they had less cause to criticize the Magyars. Indeed, after the Habsburgs declared war against Hungary and the Russians openly assisted them in subduing the Hungarian revolutionaries, the radicals openly expressed sympathy for the Magyar cause.

Economics, Society, and Sociopolitical Thought in Hungary during the Age of Capitalism

1975 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 113-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Péter Hanák
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
Hungarian Revolution ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Revolution Of 1848

By abolishing feudalism, the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 helped to create the economic preconditions and the legal-political framework necessary for capitalistic development. This made it possible for Hungary to adapt her economy to the market possibilities offered by the Industrial Revolution in western and central Europe and to share in the agrarian boom of the period between 1850 and 1873. The previously existing division of labor between western and eastern Europe and between the western and eastern parts of the Habsburg monarchy continued on a scale larger than before, with the significant difference, however, that this practice now speeded up rather than retarded the development of preconditions for capitalism. During the first half of the nineteenth century the preconditions for capitalism had come into existence in the Cisleithanian provinces at considerable expense to the Hungarian economy.

scholarly journals A Nemzeti Ujság politikai állásfoglalása és a márciusi fordulat, 1845–1848

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-135
Author(s):  
Bálint Krizsán
Keyword(s):  
Conservative Party ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Hungarian Revolution ◽  
The Face ◽  
Revolution Of 1848 ◽  
Political Principles ◽  
The Revolution

The aim of my study is to show a Hungarian conservative newspaper’s political principles during the second half of the 1840s. The Nemzeti Ujság was undergoing massive changes under the direction of Sándor Lipthay between the last two Hungarian diets of the Reform Era. The events of the examined period had serious effects upon those changes. For instance the moderate censorship; the diet of 1843/44 and the resulting opposition of the absolutist governemnt of Wien; furthermore the foundation of the Hungarian Conservative Party. Nevertheless the Revolution of 1848 had the most significant effect upon the face of the newspaper. The attitude of the journal had been continuously diverging from the official conservative standpoints. The distancing, nevertheless, was not permanent; occasionally it slowed down or began accelerating. After the Hungarian revolution the Nemzeti Ujság was the first newspaper that started supporting the new regime. This radical turn was utterly striking for other journals too.

The History of the Habsburg Monarchy (1789–1918) in Romanian Historiography since 1945

1968 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 303-334
Author(s):  
Lajos Jordáky ◽  
Keith Hitchins
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Revolution Of 1848 ◽  
The Revolution

Since the end of World War II historians in Romania have given considerable attention to various aspects of the history of the Habsburg monarchy. Needless to say, their researches have been more limited than those of their Czechoslovak and Hungarian colleagues, since they have been preoccupied especially with the internal history of Old Romania, which has little connection with the history of the monarchy. Nevertheless, in tracing the development of the Principalities of Moldaviaand Walachia and, after 1859, of united Romania, they have touched on a number of problems—commercial, diplomatic, and cultural—common to both countries. Their greatestcontribution to the study of the Habsburg monarchy has beentheir work on the history of Transylvania and, to a lesserextent, the Banat, both of which, except for a brief periodduring the Revolution of 1848–1849, were under Austrian administrationup to 1867 and after the Ausgleich incorporatedinto Hungary.

The Rumanians and the Disintegration of the Habsburg Monarchy

1967 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 450-476
Author(s):  
Andrei Oţetea
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
Social Oppression ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Administrative Units ◽  
Revolution Of 1848 ◽  
The Revolution

The problem with which this survey is concerned is the role played by the Rumanians of Transylvania as an integrating and disintegrating force in the Habsburg monarchy in the nineteenth century. This problem is unusually complex, since it can be examined from various points of view and at different stages in its historical development. On the basis of changing economic, political, and social factors, we may discern at least five such stages: (1) the first half of the century, during which Transylvania maintained the autonomy it had enjoyed since the promulgation of the Leopoldine Diploma in 1691; (2) the revolution of 1848–1849; (3) the period of absolutism of the 1850's, during which the Rumanians, who had failed to obtain territorial autonomy within the empire, were parceled out among various administrative units and continued to suffer national and social oppression at the hands of the dominant Magyar classes; (4) the so-called “liberal era” between 1860 and 1867, during which the court beguiled the Rumanians with promises that their national rights would at last be recognized in the monarchy generally and in Transylvania in particular; and (5) the period of dualism and the forced incorporation of Transylvania into Hungary.

scholarly journals THE SERBIAN VOJVODINA AND MONTENEGRO: 1848–1849

2021 ◽  
pp. 133-143
Author(s):  
VLADAN GAVRILOVIĆ
Keyword(s):  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
Serbia And Montenegro ◽  
Revolution Of 1848 ◽  
The Revolution

The revolution of 1848–1849 had a significant effect on the Serbs in the Habsburg Monarchy, who established their own self-governing entity, the Serbian Vojvodina, within the monarchy. These events also attracted the attention of Serbs living outside the monarchy’s borders, especially those in Montenegro and, in particular, the Metropolitan of Cetinje, Petar II Petrović Njegoš. He wanted to assist his compatriots in the monarchy, and considered this action to be only the first step, albeit a very important one, in the ultimate fight for the liberation and unification of all Serbs within two independent countries: Serbia and Montenegro.

‘The power of a country resting in agriculture is always stronger than that based on factories, which will, if indecently proliferated, only produce a large number of beggars.’

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 9-26
Author(s):  
Jakub Raška ◽  
Matěj Měřička
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Central European ◽  
Social Question ◽  
Political Group ◽  
The Social ◽  
Revolution Of 1848 ◽  
Early Discussion ◽  
The Revolution

This article is devoted to an early discussion of pauperism and the social question in the early stage of Central European industrialisation on the pages of periodicals of the Habsburg Monarchy with an emphasis on Czech journalism. The authors attempt to follow the development of the discussion from the beginning of the 1830s until the collapse of the revolution of 1848. They pay attention to the semantic dynamics of the terms and discourse that were used in connection with mass poverty, as well as the foreign models that contributed to the specific expression of ideas of the causes of the social question and its solutions. The paper studies the development of mass poverty representation at the time from the general Romantic rejection of the modernisation process to proposals for solutions to the social question, which had already been formulated on the basis of affiliation to a political group.

The Hungarian Revolution of 1848-1849 in the historical retrospective after 170 years

2019 ◽  
pp. 29-45
Author(s):  
Alexander Stykalin
Keyword(s):  
Historical Memory ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Hungarian Revolution ◽  
National Movements ◽  
Danube Region ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Revolution Of 1848 ◽  
The Military ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Revolution

The Revolution of 1848-1849 in Hungary was a serious challenge to the entire European order established at the Congress of Vienna in 1815 as the result of the Napoleon wars. The unfavorable outcome of the revolution was first of all a result of the lack of interest of the major European powers (Russia including) in destroying the Habsburg monarchy, which was a guarantor of stability on the continent due to its middle position in Europe. The main lesson of the events in the Habsburgs monarchy (including Hungary) in 1848-1849 is seen in the fact that for the first time in the European history, they showed so clearly the destructive power of nationalism. The mismatch of the goals of the national movements with their specific programs led to the sharp collisions. Later this experience was taken into consideration by the ideologues of the national movements of various peoples of the Danube region. This report not only evaluates the international significance of the Hungarian revolution of 1848-1849 in a retrospective after 170 years and assesses its place in the Hungarian historical memory. An attempt is made to dispel some stereotypes concerning the policy of the Russian Empire in the region. It is established that its non-interference in the internal affairs of the neighboring empire was of a fundamental nature due to the fear of creating a new “European question”. The choice in favor of the military action was made only after long hesitations for the fear of the collapse of the Habsburg Empire.

“March was but a moment”: 15 March, the Revolution Day from Sándor Petöffy to György Petri

2019 ◽  
pp. 47-66
Author(s):  
Oksana Yakimenko
Keyword(s):  
First Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hungarian Revolution ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
Revolution Of 1848 ◽  
National Romanticism ◽  
The Way ◽  
The Revolution

The article traces the transformation of the way Hungarian poetry has treated one of Hungary’s main national holidays — 15 March, the Day of the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 — starting from the late nineteenth century up to the early twenty-first century. Over this period, the Revolution of 1848 became a part of the national historical mythology while poets shifted from praising the heroic deeds of the past to reflecting on the role of this memorial day in national, as well as personal history. Such a shift might be explained not only by new political and ideological contexts that have emerged over time, but also through the way the concept of freedom has transformed at both the national and universal level. In terms of the historical scene, we see a shift from a remembrance day glorifying the past to a revolutionary “holiday of holidays” and later to a symbolic celebration of fighting against enemies which vary depending on the period; finally, national romanticism has been replaced with individual and family history.

An American's Account of the Revolution of 1848

1934 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-307
Author(s):  
Frank E. Manuel ◽  
Titus William Powers
Keyword(s):  
Revolution Of 1848 ◽  
The Revolution
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