Two Attic Masons of the late 4th century B.C.

1989 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 395-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. Walbank
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Way

Discussed here, are the public inscriptions produced by two Attic masons of the late 4th century B.C., from the point of view of identifying and describing epigraphic ‘hands.’ The identification of their work rests upon the way in which certain key letter-shapes are used, and the consistency with which they are employed. Private documents have not been examined in this study. The first of these masons, the ‘Mason of IG ii2. 1195’ (to which is added IG ii2. 620), was active between c. 330 and 318 B.C. I identify seventeen inscriptions by this man, nearly all of them decrees of the Athenian State; four are, as yet, unpublished and are not discussed here. The second mason discussed here, the ‘Mason of IG ii2. 497’, seems to have begun work in the late 320s B.C., and was still active c. 299/8 B.C. I attribute thirty-two inscriptions to this man, again most of them decrees of the Athenian State. Six are, as yet, unpublished and are not discussed. The work of these masons is distinctive, but not distinguished: there are sufficient similarities between them to suggest that they may have been master and pupil.

Measurement, incorporation and use of performance information in the budget

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-355
Author(s):  
Pieter Bleyen ◽  
Stijn Lombaert ◽  
Geert Bouckaert
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Fiscal Sustainability ◽  
Performance Information ◽  
The Public ◽  
Performance Budgeting ◽  
Logical Sequence ◽  
Analytical Point ◽  
The Way

In search for efficiency, effectiveness and fiscal sustainability, governments gather more performance information than ever before. As many of them have sought to incorporate and use this kind of information in budgeting and planning documents, the main goal of this article is to discover how local government performance budgeting practices can be mapped by a survey in a way that enables international comparison. Three previous mapping endeavors served as preliminary guidelines to develop a refined index based on the dimensions measurement, incorporation and use of performance information which form a generally accepted logical sequence in the public management literature. Results for the case of 304 Flemish local governments show a huge variation in the way performance budgeting is practiced, as index scores vary from nearly zero to more than 76 percent. Although it seems that available performance information is incorporated fairly well, measurement and use are lacking. It can be concluded that measuring performance budgeting offers interesting insights in the way this kind of budgeting is practiced in local governments. Although, from an analytical point of view, it is not sufficient to fully grasp performance budgeting and this for several reasons discussed in the article.

Reasons to Criminalize

2018 ◽  
pp. 143-181
Author(s):  
Vincent Chiao
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Public Law ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Harm Principle ◽  
The Political ◽  
Legal Moralism ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Ideal ◽  
The Way

This chapter extends the public law conception to the theory of criminalization. The first half of the chapter is devoted to considering whether the criminal law has a privileged subject matter or “core,” focusing especially on Feinberg’s influential account of the criminal law as a system of direct prohibitions. The chapter argues that a subject-matter-based approach has difficulty coming to grips with actual criminal law systems in modern administrative states, in which so-called mala prohibita offenses predominate. The second half of the chapter turns to sketching how we might approach the question of criminalization from a public law point of view, both in general and with reference to the political ideal of anti-deference (sketched in Chapter 3) in particular. Along the way, the chapter argues that the (very popular) wrongfulness principle turns out to be either empty or implausible, and hence that we should reject any version of the harm principle, or of legal moralism, that presupposes it.

Who cares for these children? An historical analysis of recent documents on provision for those with developmental disabilities

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary Cant ◽  
Margaret Hand
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Community Care ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Optimal Care ◽  
Care Community ◽  
The Public ◽  
Total Care ◽  
The Way

While family care has many positive attributes, total care by mothers may not always be the optimal care arrangement from the point of view of the children or their mothers. Here we examine the way deinstitutionalisation policies for children with developmental disabilities has swung away from often inadequately funded institutions, substituting ‘community care’. ‘Community care’ is largely tending work carried out by mothers. The public sector again is under funded and provides almost no tending for these children. We examine the way the rhetoric of community care has hidden the labour of tending work carried out by mothers, and examine the discourses used to justify moving this labour from the public to the private sphere.

scholarly journals Eutanasia, mass media e consenso sociale

2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuliano Guzzo
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
General Point ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Way

Questo articolo si pone l’obbiettivo di analizzare a grandi linee come il tema dell’eutanasia viene attualmente presentato dai mass media. In particolare, l’elaborato intende mettere in luce le modalità con cui i mezzi di comunicazione di massa si rendono con frequenza autori di una rappresentazione del fenomeno eutanasico che, di fatto, risulta direttamente funzionale alle tesi di coloro i quali, a vario livello, si battono per la depenalizzazione della “dolce morte”. ---------- The aim of this article is to take into consideration and analyze from a general point of view the way euthanasia is presented to the public by mass media. It particularly wants to emphasize the fact that instruments of mass communication frequently tend to deliver a notion of euthanasia and the issues concerning it that seem to, de facto, be compatible with the thesis of those who defend it and actually promote the depenalization of so called “dignified death”.

Indicators and Measures of E-Government

2011 ◽  
pp. 1923-1929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Amoretti ◽  
Fortunato Musella
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Public Services ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Public ◽  
Analytical Point ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Way

Although the question of measurement is crucial when defining any concept, little attention has been devoted to a comprehensive view of information and communication technologies (ICTs) applications, spanning qualitative and quantitative assessments. Due to the lack of a clear definition of e-government, many differences can be noted in the way in which digital policies have been interpreted by academics and practitioners. Coined by the U.S. programme for reinventing government under the Clinton administration (National Performance Review), the term e-government refers to a public sector reorganisation which aims at increasing the efficiency of the public administration and reducing its budget through the use of new technologies. In the words of Douglas Holmes (2001), e-government is “the use of information technology, in particular the Internet, to deliver public services in a much more convenient, customer oriented, cost effective and altogether different and better way. It affects an agency’s dealing with citizens, business and other public agencies as well as its internal business processes and employees” (p. 2). Yet many definitions go beyond the role of e-government in improving the provision of public services. Indeed, the label e-government supports other definitions, not necessarily limited to the computerisation of the public administration (Osborne & Gaebler, 1992). The concept of e-government seems to contain both the redesigning of public services system and a wider transformation of the relationship between private and public actors, so that the restructuring of public administration–influenced by the ideal of a new public management–is combined with the renewal of the democratic decision-making process. Digital policies are presumed to be a key element in improving online service quality and other factors, casting a new role for the citizen-costumer. At the same time, although e-government is becoming a catch-all concept, from an analytical point of view, official reports produced by international actors show a significant convergence in the way in which this is evaluated and measured. Diffusion of e-government practices are often closely related, and limited, to features of public administration Web sites, with reference to dimensions of openness and interactivity (La Porte, Demchak, & De Jong, 2002). Other studies focus exclusively on how citizens and businesses perceive the quality of public e-service, with reference to customer satisfaction, benefits conceived in terms of value and utility of services offered and opportunity of use as strategic factors for performance efficacy and efficiency (Graafland-Essers & Ettedgui, 2003; Stowers, 2004). Only recently a new approach has taken shape, which concentrates more attention on socio-political aspects of the intensive use of new technologies.

Britain and the H-bomb, 1955–1958

1959 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-529
Author(s):  
Leon D. Epstein
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Henry Kissinger ◽  
Hydrogen Bomb ◽  
The Public ◽  
Limited War ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
The Way

Britain's decision in 1955, reaffirmed by policy and action through 1958, to manufacture its own hydrogen bomb has raised important questions about the effectiveness of joint Anglo-American defense arrangements. That the British development of massive retaliatory weapons involved a costly and unnecessary duplication of the American program has been persuasively argued by Henry Kissinger. Like many others, Kissinger would have preferred Britain to have concentrated on the conventional and tactical nuclear means of waging limited war. Indeed, from a joint Anglo-American point of view, Kissinger's argument is so persuasive that an altogether different point of view, much more exclusively national, is required to explain Britain's H-bomb development. This may be discerned in the way in which the policy was presented to the British public. Granting that such presentation does not necessarily reveal the actual motivations of policy-makers, nevertheless the public justifications for Britain's H-bomb illuminate the image which Englishmen have of their nation's status in world affairs, particularly in relation to the United States.

Anche l'occhio vuole la sua parte. Comunicare storia tra carte, illustrazioni e immagini: l'attivitŕ di Cliomedia

2009 ◽  
pp. 189-196
Author(s):  
Giovanni Focardi ◽  
Andrea Del Vanga
Keyword(s):  
Computer Technology ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Teaching Activities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Digital Contents ◽  
E Learning ◽  
The Way

- Cliomedia Officina, managed by Chiara Ottaviano, has been dealing with historical research for about twenty years. This firm experimented various forms of cultural production by applying computer technology and the internet to multimedia projects, communication, archives, and history e-learning/teaching activities. In the last few years, Cliomedia Officina focused both on enciclopedic paper works, and on multimedia products concerning Fascist dictatorship (FASCISM). The article highlights the way these works have been built, from the point of view of the authors and the digital contents. Moreover, through the interpreting category of the public use of history, it reflects also on how such products were received and on some possible ways for using them.

The Private “I” in the Works of Nina Berberova

Slavic Review ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-512
Author(s):  
Nadya L. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Woman Writer ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Public ◽  
Fertile Ground ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
The Way ◽  
Nina Berberova

This article aims to identify prevalent concerns and anxieties informing Berberova's works, whether designated as fiction, biography, fictionalized history, or autobiography; to observe what is hidden behind the public facade of the autobiographical self; and to determine how the fictional and the autobiographical are connected in the writer's narratives. Berberova's autobiography, as well as her fictional and biographical writings, provide a fertile ground for investigating the author's frame of reference from the point of view of her gender. A close look at the nature of autobiography, with its careful construction of a public self, offers insight into the way Berberova wants others to see her. Paying attention to the struggle for physical and spiritual survival, the focus of Berberova's writing in general, affords an understanding of what the author deems necessary in order to overcome the hardships of emigration, the challenges of failed relationships, and the hazards of being a woman writer. Berberova's connections with men and women in her life—described by herself, seen by others, reflected in her fiction—all point to a pivotal concern with the strengths and weaknesses of her own gender.

scholarly journals Genetics and biotechnologies in Italian mass media

2005 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. A03 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Mini
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Front Page ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Core ◽  
Term Analysis ◽  
The Way

Several researchers operating in the sociological field have recently theorised that genetics and biotechnologies are at the core of the public perception of science. The present study aims at verifying empirically whether or not this is mirrored in Italian mass media, as well as at analysing the topics most frequently present in Italian newspapers and the economic and editorial reasons behind the results of editorial choices. Besides, it provides statistics about the major Italian newspapers published in the last third of 2002. This period has been chosen because some important news was published in December: it consequently offered the chance to carry out a long-term analysis as well as a study of the most important differences - in content and editorial lay-out - between scientific articles which are published in the appropriate sections inside the newspaper and those which make the front page. Ours are going to be purely quantitative considerations; but, from the point of view of the content, the data are sufficient to identify various narrative currents. These currents could be the object of further research on the frames used to contextualize the news and the reasons (anthropological, socio-cultural and editorial) for the way they are used by editorial staffs.

Heritage

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Shaikh ◽  
Stefano Bonino
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Online Video ◽  
The South ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Public ◽  
Video Footage ◽  
Community Heritage ◽  
Personal Accounts ◽  
The Way

The Colourful Heritage Project (CHP) is the first community heritage focused charitable initiative in Scotland aiming to preserve and to celebrate the contributions of early South Asian and Muslim migrants to Scotland. It has successfully collated a considerable number of oral stories to create an online video archive, providing first-hand accounts of the personal journeys and emotions of the arrival of the earliest generation of these migrants in Scotland and highlighting the inspiring lessons that can be learnt from them. The CHP’s aims are first to capture these stories, second to celebrate the community’s achievements, and third to inspire present and future South Asian, Muslim and Scottish generations. It is a community-led charitable project that has been actively documenting a collection of inspirational stories and personal accounts, uniquely told by the protagonists themselves, describing at first hand their stories and adventures. These range all the way from the time of partition itself to resettling in Pakistan, and then to their final accounts of arriving in Scotland. The video footage enables the public to see their facial expressions, feel their emotions and hear their voices, creating poignant memories of these great men and women, and helping to gain a better understanding of the South Asian and Muslim community’s earliest days in Scotland.

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