A Fresh Look at the Local Remedies Rule

1967 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 142-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan L. Head
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Technical Training ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Large Share ◽  
National Planning ◽  
Development Decade ◽  
Overseas Investment ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
Nations Development ◽  
Economic Objective

The 1960’s have been designated by the General Assembly as “United Nations Development Decade.” The main economic objective for the decade is the creation of conditions in which the national incomes of the developing countries will increase by 5 per cent yearly by 1970, and will continue to increase at the same rate thereafter. The means by which this objective is being pursued are many; among others are national planning, technical training and capital assistance, by both multilateral and bilateral agencies. Successful as these public sector assistance schemes have been, however, it is now recognized that an increasingly large share of responsibility must be borne by the private sector of the economies of the developed nations by means of overseas investment and international trade.

Evironmental Considerations in Development Finance

1972 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Development Decade ◽  
Current Concern ◽  
Preparatory Committee ◽  
Development Objectives ◽  
Nations Development

The current concern with the human environment, which has given rise, in part, to the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in 1972, comes at a time when the energies, efforts, and resources of the developing countries are being harnessed as never before to achieve their respective development objectives. The compelling urgency of the third world's development efforts found endorsement in the proposals for the Second United Nations Development Decade (DD II). While to a large extent the concern with environmental issues has arisen out of the problems experienced by the industrially advanced countries, the developing countries are not unconcerned with or even immune from these problems. It was with this general thinking in mind that the Preparatory Committee for the Second United Nations Development Decade unanimously decided to include in the strategy for the decade the following statement which was accepted by the General Assembly: “Governments will intensify national and international efforts to arrest the deterioration of the human environment and to take measures towards its improvement and to promote activities that will help to maintain the ecological balance on which human survival depends.” The General Assembly in a recent resolution on the matter of the human environment further affirmed that environmental policies should be considered in the context of economic and social development, with account taken of the special needs of development in developing countries.

scholarly journals Life-Styles and Nature Conservation

Oryx ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond F. Dasmann
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Nature Conservation ◽  
National Parks ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Life Styles ◽  
The People ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Local Ecosystem ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
As If

One of the key papers at the Technical Meetings that accompanied the IUCN General Assembly in Zaïre was Dr Dasmann's showing how the emphasis in nature conservation has shifted. No longer can the ‘biosphere people’ – the people of the developed nations who draw on the resources of the whole world to maintain their life-style – simply urge developing countries to ‘protect’ wildlife and establish national parks while at the same time pressing them to cut back their population growth. One extra person in the USA will consume more in energy and materials than 20 extra people in Tanzania. What Dr Dasmann calls the ‘ecosystem people’—those who depend for all their resources on supplies within their local ecosystem – lived in balance with nature and, moreover, did not live impoverished lives, Today we can only solve our world problems by getting back to some better balance, ‘the old partnership with nature that existed without people being aware of it’. What we need, he suggests, is ‘conservation as if people mattered’ and ‘development as if nature mattered’. Nature conservation today demands new life-styles.

Development: The Third Way

1975 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimoh Omo-Fadaka
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Third Way ◽  
Development Patterns ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Economic Level ◽  
Development Decade ◽  
Industrialized Nations ◽  
Management Of Resources ◽  
Nations Development ◽  
Total Welfare

The coming of independence to new nations means, besides self-government and management of resources, responsibility for the total welfare of the population as a whole and minimum disruption of the ecosystem. When options are available, what is the wisest way to development? The problem confronting the developing countries today is poverty. This poverty is characterized by unemployment, under-employment, illiteracy, malnutrition, disease, starvation and bad housing. How is this problem to be solved? The urban way or the rural way to development? The imitation of the patterns of development of the industrialized nations or the adoption of development patterns suited to indigenous traditional and cultural conditions? The lessons of the First United Nations Development Decade have shown quite clearly that given the pressure of time (constantly aggravated by the increase in population) the urban way to development and the imitation of the patterns of development of the industrialized nations are incapable of handling problems as complex and deep-rooted as those faced by many developing countries. What is required is the rural way to development from the bottom up (at micro-economic level) and not the urban way from top to bottom (at macro-economic level).

International Development Perspectives for the 90s (The Distinguishedl Lecture)

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (4I) ◽  
pp. 485-501
Author(s):  
Gamani Corea
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
International Development ◽  
General Meeting ◽  
Annual General ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Annual General Meeting ◽  
Development Decade ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Year 2000 ◽  
Nations Development

Chairman, Professor Naqvi, Professor Klein, Dr Kemal, Distinguished Participants, First let me express my deep gratitude to the Pakistan Society of Development Economists for having invited me to be present on this occasion to take part in this Seventh Annual General Meeting. I feel privileged indeed to be here. It is not the first occasion I ha~e had to visit Islamabad; but on this occasion, more than on previous ones, I have had the opportunity - thanks to this meeting - of making contact with so many economists and research workers in Pakistan. I have been given a subject which seems to be a little bit removed from the issues that have been discussed, and will be discussed, over the period of this session. I have been asked to talk about international development perspectives for the 90s. No doubt the reason which prompted Professor Naqvi to suggest this title, and to invite me in fact, was that I had the honour of being Chairman of the UN General Assembly's exercise on the preparation of a Strategy for the 90s, the socalled Fourth United Nations Development Decade. The General Assembly established, as was its practice on previous occasions, what is called a "Committee of the Whole" charged with the function of formulating and negotiating the text of what might be a Strategy for the 90s. This exercise was launched in the middle of 1989 and was concluded - I am happy to be able to say - on the 21st of December 1990, just a few weeks ago, when the Strategy was adopted by consensus by the Plenary of the General Assembly. The Strategy designates the Fourth Development Decade, the decade of the 90s, as starting on the 1st January of 1991 and ending on the 31st of December of the year 2000. So, today we are in the ninth day of the development decade of the United Nations.

Supporting Small and Medium Enterpries to Access Technological Innovation State Fund: International Experience and Lessons for Vietnam

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huong Vu Thanh ◽  
Thu Anh Nguyen ◽  
Mai Thi Thanh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Technology Innovation ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
International Experience ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
State Fund

Technological innovation state funds supporting small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are not common in the developing countries like Vietnam, but are common in the developed nations like the European countries and Korea. The financial and non-financial support of these funds has contributed significantly to the development of many SMEs. Learning from the funds which have successfully facilitated SMEs in innovating and developing advanced technologies is meaningful to the Vietnamese sicence and techonology management bodies and state funds. This article will review the experience of some typical fund in supporting SMEs, thereby providing some lessons for technology innovation Funds of Vietnam to create a more favorable environment for SMEs to access funds.

scholarly journals Creating Destinations for a Better Tomorrow: UN Development Aid for Cultural Tourism in the 1960s

2021 ◽  
pp. 002200942097476
Author(s):  
Marie Huber
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Development Aid ◽  
Employment Sector ◽  
Development Decade ◽  
Colonial Legacies ◽  
The Subject ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
International Experts

Tourism is today considered as a crucial employment sector in many developing countries. In the growing field of historical tourism research, however, the relationships between tourism and development, and the role of international organizations, above all the UN, have been given little attention to date. My paper will illuminate how during the 1960s tourism first became the subject of UN policies and a praised solution for developing countries. Examples from expert consultancy missions in developing countries such as Ethiopia, India and Nepal will be contextualized within the more general debates and programme activities for heritage conservation and also the first UN development decade. Drawing on sources from the archives of UNESCO, as well as tourism promotion material, it will be possible to understand how tourism sectors in many so-called developing countries were shaped considerably by this international cooperation. Like in other areas of development aid, activities in tourism were grounded in scientific studies and based on statistical data and analysis by international experts. Examining this knowledge production is a telling exercise in understanding development histories colonial legacies under the umbrella of the UN during the 1960s and 1970s.

Foreign Private Investment in India 1920–1950

1978 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. Tomlinson
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
International Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
Foreign Private Investment ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Overseas Investment ◽  
Developed Nations

Overseas investment by developed nations in the less industrialized economies of Asia, Africa and Latin America is an important part of modern international economic history. Such investment has long been recognized as a potent force in integrating the international economy. It has also been placed at the heart of most theories of the expansion of European empires in the nineteenth century and it is seen as a major part of the ‘neo-colonialism’ that is widely thought to have characterized the world economic and political structure since 1945. This article will examine private foreign investment in India in the first half of the twentieth century, spanning the gap between the ‘imperial’ and the ‘neo-colonial’ epochs.

CHALLENGES AND CONSTRAINTS TO ENHANCE THE ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION IN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF A DEVELOPING COUNTRY: EVIDENCE FROM SRI LANKA

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
T.M.A. Tennakoon ◽  
Kennedy Gunawardena ◽  
S.P. Premaratne
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Education System ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Developed Nations

This study through an exploratory approach review the challenges and constraints faced in enhancing entrepreneurship education in developing countries using Sri Lanka as a case study. Previous studies on the subject matter is very scarce and even in international journals only few papers appeared on entrepreneurship education in developing countries. The purpose of this paper is to study the current entrepreneurship education system in Sri Lankan state universities with reference to challenges and constraints and to propose an action plan to raise entrepreneurship education in Sri Lanka to be in par with that of developed nations so that these universities can act as the centerpieces of business innovations and entrepreneurship development. This paper employs an exploratory study approach by analyzing current entrepreneurship education system in Sri Lanka by reviewing secondary data such as various journals and government publications to build the arguments and recommendations outlined. Among constraints and challenges for the development of entrepreneurship education, lack of resources, lack of entrepreneurial skills in lecturers, poor stake-holder engagement, weak government policies and industry � university gap are common to most developing countries. In addition with its free education policy, Sri Lankan universities are faced with strict university entrance procedures and lack of selection of desired courses for majority of students. Findings of this study and salient suggestions will be an invaluable toolkit for policy makers to design effective strategies for entrepreneurship education in developing countries.

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