scholarly journals 11. Some unusual spectra of meteors from the Palomar 18-inch Schmidt file

1968 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 119-127
Author(s):  
R. Barbon ◽  
J. A. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Condition ◽  
Nitrogen Molecule ◽  
The Other ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
Principal Feature ◽  
Atmospheric Stratification ◽  
Sporadic Meteors ◽  
Different Altitudes

Five meteoric spectra have been studied that were obtained during the period mid-June to mid-December, 1966. They include spectra of a Perseid, a Geminid, and three sporadic meteors. Four were photographed on Royal Pan emulsion without a filter; the Geminid on Tri X Aerecon with a GG11 filter.Lines in the spectrum of one of the sporadic meteors indicate that two meteoroidal fragments were involved which diverged with increasing atmospheric penetration and which flared at different altitudes, indicating that the flares were not the result of atmospheric stratification.The second sporadic and the Perseid were photographed about 2½ hours apart. The sodium D line is strong in the Perseid but does not appear in the sporadic spectrum. If present, it is blended with the diagonal sequence Δv = + 4 of the first positive group of the neutral nitrogen molecule, which appears in both spectra. A line questionably identified as the forbidden line of oxygen at 5577 Å appears faintly in the sporadic. The strength of the N2 sequence in these two spectra, and the absence of the D line in the sporadic, are very unusual. The proximity in time of appearance of these two spectra, and the absence of the N2 bands from the other two sporadic spectra, suggest that a temporary atmospheric condition may be responsible for the strength of the nitrogen radiation.The Geminid has as its principal feature the Δv = + 3 sequence of the first positive group of N2. We have not previously observed this band in meteors as low in velocity as the Geminids.

How to evaluate the HbeAg-positive during the natural course of Chronic Hepatitis B in clinic? A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
JinLi Zheng ◽  
Yang Huang ◽  
Lingpeng Yang ◽  
Li Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
The Other ◽  
Independent Factor ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract Background The previous studies showed the correlation between HBsAg and serum HBV DNA levels was weak or missing. Objective The study aims to investigate the correlation between HBeAg and HBV DNA levels, and to find an alternative tool to evaluate the HBV DNA level for clinicians. Methods A total of 1020 patients with CHB were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. We divided the patients into four groups as: HBeAg positivity and negativity groups, and high and low HBV DNA levels groups. Further, as per the levels of serum HBV DNA, we performed subgroups’ analyses for the HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative groups. Results Results showed that the ALT, ALB and HBeAg are independent factors to estimate the serum HBV DNA in CHB patients. But diagnosing the high levels of HBV DNA is not credible (the AUC=0.622, Fig1-A). In HBeAg-positive group, when the level of HBeAg is higher than 16.15 S/CO, we can predict the patient with high levels of HBV DNA (> 2000 IU/ml, AUC=0.787, Fig1-C) and the patients were 4 folds to have the high levels of HBV DNA than the HBeAg-negativ (table3). The levels of ALT and TB are the independent risk factors for the patients in HBeAg-negative group. When the levels of ALT and TB are higher 36.5 IU/L and 11.15 umol/L,respectively, the patient would have a high levels of HBV DNA (> 2000 IU/ml, AUC=0.609, Fig2-B). Conclusion HBeAg is an independent factor that reflects the levels of serum HBV DNA with a strong correlation, but it is not accurate to evaluate the levels of serum HBV DNA by the HBeAg-positive. On the other hand, the patients with HBeAg-negative are not mean having a low levels of HBV DNA, which can be evaluated by the levels of ALT and TB.

An Unusual Meteor Spectrum

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 153-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Cook ◽  
C. L. Hemenway ◽  
P. M. Millman ◽  
A. Swider
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Spectrum ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Characteristic Dimension ◽  
The Other ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
Water Of Hydration ◽  
Initial Appearance ◽  
Neutral Sodium ◽  
The Continuum

An extraordinary spectrum of a meteor at a velocity of about 18.5±1.0 km s-1 (approximate uncertainty) was observed from the Springhill Meteor Observatory with an image-orthicon camera at 1970 August 10 d2h 48m 518 UT. The radiant of the meteor was at an altitude of about 49°. It was first seen shoioing a yellow-red continuous spectrum alone at a height of 137±8 km (estimated uncertainty) which we ascribe to the first positive group of nitrogen bands. At 1.608 after its initial appearance the meteor had descended to 116±6 km above sea-level when it brightened rapidly from its previous threshold brighness into a uniform continuum. After a further 0.738 at a height of 106±6 km the D-line of neutral sodium appeared and 0.148 later (height 105±5 km) all the other lines of the spectrum also appeared. The continuum remained dominant to the end 0.408 later (height 87±5 km) or 3.878 after initial appearance.Water of hydration and entrained carbon flakes of characteristic dimension about 0.2 micron or less are proposed as constituents of the meteoroid to explain these phenomena.

Surface Treated PDMS by UV-Vis Light for Microfluidic Device

2008 ◽  
Vol 1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seisuke Kano ◽  
Sohei Matsumoto ◽  
Naoki Ichikawa
Keyword(s):  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Atmospheric Condition ◽  
Aluminum Foil ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Hydrophobic Property ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Pdms Surface

AbstractHydrophobic property of PDMS surface was improved by the 400 W UV-Vis lamp light irradiation in the atmospheric condition for several ten minutes. As a result of this surface treatment, the surface became to hydrophilic character for one month long. This surface treatment technique applied to PDMS micro-fluidic device and verified valve-less switching. The UV-Vis light irradiated to PDMS micro fluidic pattern with partly covered by aluminum foil. Finally inlet and outlets were connected 0.5 mm diameter tubes. The syringe pumps injected the distilled water into the inlet of the PDMS micro channel at the flow rates of 0.5, 5.0, and 50 μl/min for the both width channel. As results of water injection water flowed only the UV-Vis treated channel at the flow rates of 0.5 and 5.0 μl/min. On the other hand, the water flowed for all channels at the flow rate of 50 μl/min. This result was observed from 5.0 μl/min flow again for both width devices which dried by air. These results were occurred by the difference of the flow conductance and wettability. The mechanism of this hyrophilicity of PDMS was reported to form Si-O in the surface by means of glassy surface. From the IR spectra, the Si-O-Si peak shifted to higher wave number for UV-Vis irradiated PDMS than the untreated PDMS comparing with the other IR peaks. This result showed that the Si-O-Si network bonding of PDMS changed to the O-Si-O bonding around the surface.

scholarly journals Influence of local factors on the distribution of snow resources in northern Tien Shan

1992 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 220-224
Author(s):  
S.I. Severskiy ◽  
I.V. Severskiy
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Snow Depth ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
The Other ◽  
Statistical Relationship ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Local Factors ◽  
The One ◽  
Northern Tien Shan ◽  
Different Altitudes

Methods of quantitative evaluation of the influence of local factors such as slope exposure (aspect and gradient) and types of vegetation on the distribution of snow cover found in the northern Tien Shan are described. This investigation is based on regular measurements of snow depth and density at different altitudes and exposures, and with different vegetation types. A strong statistical relationship was obtained between snow cover on the one hand and slope exposure and vegetation types on the other. Local factors have a stronger influence on the distribution of snow cover than elevation. These methods were used for the estimation of the distribution of snow cover in a typical river basin. The results obtained differ significantly from the results of evaluations made by traditional methods.

Difference of Treatment Outcomes in AL Amyloidosis and Multiple Myeloma with / without Translocation (11;14)

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 4224-4224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenshi Suzuki ◽  
Miho Kasuga ◽  
Kanji Miyazaki ◽  
Sohsuke Meshitsuka ◽  
Yu ABE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Chromosome Aberration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cardiac Response ◽  
Al Amyloidosis ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Organ Response

Abstract Introduction AL amyloidosis (AL) is characterized by the deposition of immunoglobulin light chains as amyloid fibrils accumulated in different organs. Translocation (11;14) (t(11;14)) is seen in about half of AL patients, but the clinical significance is still unknown. So our study has focused on the chromosome aberration of t(11;14). We report the relationship between the chromosome aberration and the organ response, the organ involvement which greatly influence prognosis of AL patients. Furthermore, we examined the prognosis and treatment response to compare t(11;14) influences of AL with t(11;14) influences of multiple myeloma (MM). Patients and Methods We analyzed in AL and symptomatic MM patients have t(11;14) using fluorescence in situ hybridization from January 2010 to December 2014 in Japanese Red Cross Medical Center. We examined the overall survival and the therapy response rate. In addition, we compared t(11;14)-positive and negative in AL and MM respectively. Besides, we investigated the involved organ parts and the organ response with melphalan and dexamethasone (MD) therapy in AL. Outcome was assessed based on remission after three months and one year. Remissions were determined according to consensus criteria in 2011 for AL and IMWG uniform criteria for MM. Survival distribution of OS was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. Data between t(11;14)-positive and negative were compared with the Mann-Whitney U test or X2 test. The statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS statistics ver.23. Results Among 27 patients with AL, 9 cases were t(11;14)-positive patients (age median, 64yr; range, 37-80), and 13 out of 46 were positive in MM (age median, 64yr; range, 34-86). (excluded complication of both AL and MM cases) In AL cases, the t(11;14)-positive group tended to shorter overall survival (OS) than negative cases. On the other hand, in the patients with MM, positive group tended to superior OS to negative (AL: P=0.442(Fig.1A), MM: P=0.327(Fig.1B)). Compared with t(11;14)-negative AL group, t(11;14) positive group was tended to have much organ involved numbers of amyloid protein (67% v 34%; P=0.109) and much cardiac involvement patients (67% v 39%; P=0.171). On the other hand, there were little cardiac and renal response in both t(11;14)-positive and negative with MD therapy after 3 months (heartF17% v 0% P=0.462/renalF0% v 0%). In MM patients, ORR after 3 months were 67% and 79% in t(11;14)-positive and negative cases respectively (P=0.386). That after 1 year were 78% and 74% respectively (P=0.889). Conclusion t(11;14) is important prognostic factor and showed conflict prognosis between AL and MM. From this investigation, the importance of connecting the chromosome abnormality every disease was shown. In addition, our investigation recognized tendencies that the amyloid involvement rate to the heart was high, and the cardiac response with MD therapy were low in AL t(11;14)-positive group. As these results, we thought that t(11;14)-positive AL patients' OS were shortened. The significant difference did not appear in this examination while these tendencies were clearly accepted in little number of patient cases. Further investigation using rather number of patient samples is needed. In conclusion, the cardiac amyloid involvement is high in the AL t(11;14)-positive group, and the cardiac response by MD therapy is low. We should have doubt eyes of the amyloid involvement to the heart in AL t(11;14)-positive patients, and have the posture that can support cardiac amyloidosis immediately. In addition, breakthrough new treatments are expected urgently for AL patients. Figure 1. Figure 1. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Effect of incubation atmosphere and temperature on isolation of Campylobacter jejuni from human stools

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 468-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Lan L. Wang ◽  
Nancy W. Luechtefeld ◽  
M. J. Blaser ◽  
L. B. Reller
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Atmospheric Condition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Human Feces ◽  
Incubation Temperatures

To determine the optimal conditions for isolation of Campylobacter jejuni from human fecal specimens, we compared incubation atmospheres that contained about 5, 10, and 15% oxygen with the 17% oxygen produced in candle jars and also compared incubation temperatures of 37 and 42 °C. At 42 °C, C. jejuni was isolated from all 16 specimens; however, colony sizes were larger when plates were incubated in 5 and 10% oxygen than in the other two atmospheres. At 37 °C some positive cultures were missed in 15% oxygen and in the candle jar. The largest colony sizes were obtained in 5% oxygen. For each atmospheric condition tested, the colonies were larger at 42 than at 37 °C. When incubation is done at 42 °C, use of a candle jar is adequate; however, at 37 °C candle jars should not be used for isolation of C. jejuni from human feces.

The growth of children at different altitudes in Ethiopia

1972 ◽  
Vol 264 (864) ◽  
pp. 403-437 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Early Puberty ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Altitudes

In this study were observed the effects of two widely differing environments on the growth and maturation of children from a presumed genetically homogeneous Ethiopian population. Major environmental differences included altitude above sea level, temperature, probably rainfall and humidity, together with the incidence of infectious disease. The results indicate that highland children, particularly boys, are taller, heavier and bigger in most physical dimensions than are lowland children. In both groups skeletal maturation is retarded (by American White standards) during later childhood; this retardation is more marked in lowlanders. In both groups, however, there is marked acceleration of skeletal maturation during early puberty. Haemoglobin values increase much more rapidly in highland children, but surprisingly, differences in chest dimensions are not particularly marked. It is concluded that hypoxia of the degree found in the high-altitude group (approximately 3000 m) is not sufficient to affect adversely the growth of children. On the other hand, the increased incidence of infectious disease in the ‘lowlands’ (approximately 1500 m) and possibly the raised ambient temperature, may restrict growth and maturation of children living in this environment. Thus, in contrast to the situation in other high-altitude parts of the world, the highlands in Ethiopia appear to be more favourable to growth than the lowlands.

scholarly journals Effect of the wing airfoil shape on the aerodynamics and performance of a jet-trainer aircraft – An optimization approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 2120 (1) ◽  
pp. 012011
Author(s):  
K A Othman ◽  
A S Mahdi Al-Obaidi
Keyword(s):  
Aerodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Aerodynamic Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Military Aircraft ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Aircraft Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Wing Airfoil ◽  
Different Altitudes

Abstract Among the key factors in developing the performance of military aircraft are its aerodynamic characteristics and performance. This research presents the effect of shape of the wing airfoil on the aerodynamic characteristics and performance of the popular jet trainer aircraft L-39C. The aerodynamic data of different airfoil shapes were used to determine the aerodynamic characteristics and performance of the L-39C for different airfoil shapes in an effort to optimize the aircrafts aerodynamic and performance. NACA 64A012 airfoil is currently used on the L-39C, however, there may exist many airfoils that may have potential to improve the aerodynamic characteristics and hence the aircraft performance. For this purpose, a group of NACA airfoils are selected, namely, NACA 4412, NACA 2415, NACA 64212 and NACA 64215. Each of these airfoil influences the aerodynamic characteristics of the aircraft and hence its performance. For each airfoil, the aircraft performance in terms of thrust required, power required, and rate of climb at different altitudes and airspeeds are calculated and analysed. The airfoil data were calculated at cruising flight at zero angle of attack to reduce the variables that can affect the calculations. The results of the calculation and analysis showed that NACA 4412 has significant results in terms of aerodynamic characteristics although in terms of aerodynamic performance, the NACA 64A012 and NACA 4412 showed lower thrust required and power required. NACA 4412 has a (C L )max of 1.67, whereas NACA 64A012 has a (C L )max of 1.336, indicating that the airfoil stalled early at higher altitudes. NACA 4412 also showed better results in terms of aerodynamic characteristics compared to the other selected airfoils although NACA 64A012 shows some variance in the results. NACA 4412 and NACA 64A212 have shown to be promising in aerodynamic characteristics and performance where one has its own benefits over the other. Although in the end, NACA 4412 may be recommended for its aerodynamic characteristics and performance.

scholarly journals The effect of stimulants and environmental factors on resin yield of Pinus merkusii tapping

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-175
Author(s):  
Ganis Lukmandaru ◽  
Syaiful Amri ◽  
Sigit Sunarta ◽  
Tomy Listyanto ◽  
Rini Pujiarti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
The Other ◽  
Equivalent Amount ◽  
Stimulant Treatment ◽  
Daily Relative Humidity ◽  
Pinus Merkusii ◽  
Different Altitudes

Oleoresin from Pinus merkusii is one of the most important forest products in Indonesia. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of various stimulants and environmental factors on oleoresin yield. The first factor was the stimulant treatment, i.e., SAEt1 (20% sulfuric acid + 1% Ethephon); SAEt2 (20% sulfuric acid + 2% Ethephon); SR4 (mainly composed by sulfuric acid); ETRAT (mainly composed by ethylene and citric acid); and without stimulant spraying. The second factor was the site with different altitudes, i.e., West Banyumas (326 m asl), East Banyumas (797 m asl), and West Pekalongan (1150 m asl). Through analysis of variance, the relation between stimulant and site was highly significant in regards to the average daily oleoresin yield. The results indicated that the combination of sulfuric acid and Ethephon increased oleoresin production 1.69- to 2.85-fold compared with untreated trees, depending on the sites. The trees with SAEt1 and SAEt2 treatments yielded an equivalent amount of oleoresin compared to that of trees exposed to the SR4. The ETRAT showed the lowest resin yields compared to the other stimulants. The values of daily relative humidity and temperature did not show similar responses in all sites when correlated with daily oleoresin yield.

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