scholarly journals SETI: The Microwave Search Problem and the Nasa Sky Survey Approach

1985 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 397-403
Author(s):  
Michael J. Klein ◽  
Samuel Gulkis
Keyword(s):  
Search Strategy ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Search Problem ◽  
Dual Mode ◽  
Ongoing Work ◽  
Sky Survey ◽  
Frequency Coverage ◽  
Complementary Nature ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Survey Approach

NASA's microwave observing program for SETI is presented. This strategy is composed of a high sensitivity, narrow frequency coverage, Target Search and a low sensitivity, broad frequency coverage, Sky Survey. The complementary nature of this dual mode search strategy is discussed. An overview is given of ongoing work in the development of the search strategy for the Sky Survey.

scholarly journals Second harmonic generation correlation spectroscopy for characterizing translationally diffusing protein nanocrystals

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 849-859
Author(s):  
Ximeng Y. Dow ◽  
Christopher M. Dettmar ◽  
Emma L. DeWalt ◽  
Justin A. Newman ◽  
Alexander R. Dow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Second Harmonic Generation ◽  
Harmonic Generation ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Incident Beam ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Optical Process ◽  
Active Nanoparticles ◽  
Low Sensitivity

Second harmonic generation correlation spectroscopy (SHG-CS) is demonstrated as a new approach to protein nanocrystal characterization. A novel line-scanning approach was performed to enable autocorrelation analysis without sample damage from the intense incident beam. An analytical model for autocorrelation was developed, which includes a correction for the optical scattering forces arising when focusing intense, infrared beams. SHG-CS was applied to the analysis of BaTiO3nanoparticles ranging from 200 to ∼500 nm and of photosystem I nanocrystals. A size distribution was recovered for each sample and compared with the size histogram measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Good agreement was observed between the two independent measurements. The intrinsic selectivity of the second-order nonlinear optical process provides SHG-CS with the ability to distinguish well ordered nanocrystals from conglomerates and amorphous aggregates. Combining the recovered distribution of particle diameters with the histogram of measured SHG intensities provides the inherent hyperpolarizability per unit volume of the SHG-active nanoparticles. Simulations suggest that the SHG activity per unit volume is likely to exhibit relatively low sensitivity to the subtle distortions within the lattice that contribute to resolution loss in X-ray diffraction, but high sensitivity to the presence of multi-domain crystals.

Influence of Irrational Beliefs and Sensitivity to a Person on Future Psychology Students’ Propensity to Coercion or Nonviolence

2021 ◽  
pp. 143-165
Author(s):  
V.G. Maralov ◽  
◽  
V.A. Sitarov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Irrational Beliefs ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Psychology Students ◽  
State Universities ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Level Of Understanding ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
High Level ◽  
Dependent Type

The relevance of the problem is due to the importance of identifying factors that determine the propensity of students to coercion or nonviolence, creating psychological and pedagogical conditions for the formation of the socionomic sphere of nonviolent competencies for future specialists at universities. The theoretical basis of the study was the position of nonviolence as a daily practice of interaction, by which we understand the ability of a person to choose from a number of possible alternatives that carry the least charge of coercion. The aim of the work was to study the influence of irrational beliefs and sensitivity to a person (interest, empathy, understanding and assistance) on the students’ tendency to coercion, manipulation, non-violence and non-interference in the processes of interaction with people. The hypothesis was tested that the tendency of students to coercion, manipulation, and noninterference will be due to expressed irrational beliefs and low level of sensitivity to a person and the tendency to non-violence will be explained by the absence of irrational beliefs and a high level of sensitivity to a person. The study involved 125 students of pedagogical and psychological faculties of the Moscow Humanitarian and Cherepovets State universities. The authors used questionnaires to identify the positions of interaction among students and sensitivity to a person, as well as a list of irrational beliefs proposed by A. Beck and A. Freeman. It is established that the tendency to both coercion and manipulation are determined by the beliefs of anti-social type and low sensitivity to the person. The tendency to manipulate the narcissistic beliefs, high interest in people and understanding them, at the same time the tendency to non-violence and non-interference are determined by beliefs of avoidant and dependent types with a low level of understanding people. And a tendency to non-interference is determined by beliefs of dependent type with unexpressed orientation on helping. The tendency to nonviolence is determined by the high sensitivity to a person and the absence of irrational beliefs of antisocial, passive-aggressive and narcissistic types. As a result, the conclusion is made about the need to form purposefully the ability to nonviolent interaction among students, which should include the work on awareness and overcoming irrational beliefs and the development of sensitivity to a person. The obtained results can be used in practical work with students on the formation of their nonviolent competencies.

scholarly journals Importance to include the term superficial musculoaponeurotic system in medical subject headings and in the international anatomical nomenclature

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia Massako Ferreira ◽  
Rafael Fagionato Locali ◽  
Guilherme Abbud Franco Lapin ◽  
Bernardo Hochman
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Surgery ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Medical Subject Headings ◽  
Anatomical Terminology ◽  
Superficial Musculoaponeurotic System ◽  
Anatomical Nomenclature ◽  
Mesh Database ◽  
Scientific Periodicals

PURPOSE: To investigate the relevance of the term superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) and demonstrate that this term is important enough to be added to the MeSH database and listed in International Anatomical Nomenclature. METHODS: Terms related to SMAS were selected from original articles retrieved from the ISI Web of Science and MEDLINE (PubMed) databases. Groups of terms were created to define a search strategy with high-sensitivity and restricted to scientific periodicals devoted to plastic surgery. This study included articles between January 1996 and May 2009, whose titles, abstracts, and keywords were searched for SMAS-related terms and all occurrences were recorded. RESULTS: A total of 126 original articles were retrieved from the main periodicals related to plastic surgery in the referred databases. Of these articles, 51.6% had SMAS-related terms in the abstract only, and 25.4% had SMAS-related terms in both the title and abstract. The term 'superficial musculoaponeurotic system' was present as a keyword in 19.8% of the articles. The most frequent terms were 'SMAS' (71.4%) and superficial musculoaponeurotic system (62.7%). CONCLUSION: The term SMAS refers to a structure relevant enough to start a discussion about indexing it as a keyword and as an official term in Terminologia Anatomica: International Anatomical Terminology.

scholarly journals Tetraphenylethylene-conjugated polycation covered iron oxide nanoparticles for magnetic resonance/optical dual-mode imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Yang ◽  
Shengxiang Fu ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Zhongyuan Cai ◽  
Chunchao Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Dual Mode ◽  
Grafting Ratio ◽  
High Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
Alkane Chain ◽  
High Fluorescence ◽  
Intramolecular Rotation

Abstract Magnetic resonance (MR)/optical dual-mode imaging with high sensitivity and high tissue resolution have attracted many attentions in biomedical applications. To avert aggregation-caused quenching of conventional fluorescence chromophores, an aggregation-induced emission molecule tetraphenylethylene (TPE)-conjugated amphiphilic polyethylenimine (PEI) covered superparamagnetic iron oxide (Alkyl-PEI-LAC-TPE/SPIO nanocomposites) was prepared as an MR/optical dual-mode probe. Alkyl-PEI-LAC-TPE/SPIO nanocomposites exhibited good fluorescence property and presented higher T2 relaxivity (352 Fe mM−1s−1) than a commercial contrast agent Feridex (120 Fe mM−1s−1) at 1.5 T. The alkylation degree of Alkyl-PEI-LAC-TPE effects the restriction of intramolecular rotation process of TPE. Reducing alkane chain grafting ratio aggravated the stack of TPE, increasing the fluorescence lifetime of Alkyl-PEI-LAC-TPE/SPIO nanocomposites. Alkyl-PEI-LAC-TPE/SPIO nanocomposites can effectively labelled HeLa cells and resulted in high fluorescence intensity and excellent MR imaging sensitivity. As an MR/optical imaging probe, Alkyl-PEI-LAC-TPE/SPIO nanocomposites may be used in biomedical imaging for certain applications.

scholarly journals Predicting Response to Total Neoadjuvant Treatment (TNT) in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Based on Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganlu Ouyang ◽  
Xibiao Yang ◽  
Xiangbing Deng ◽  
Wenjian Meng ◽  
Yongyang Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Neoadjuvant Treatment ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Advanced Rectal Cancer ◽  
Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Low Sensitivity

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the potential value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in predicting response relevance to total neoadjuvant treatment (TNT) in locally advanced rectal cancer.Methods: We analyzed MRI of 71 patients underwent TNT from 2015 to 2017 retrospectively. We categorized the response of TNT as CR (complete response) and non-CR, and high, moderate and low sensitivity. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the best predictors of response. Diagnostic performance was assessed using receiver - operating characteristic curve analysis.Results: Post–ICT (induction chemotherapy) ∆TL (tumor length), post-CRT (concurrent chemoradiotherapy) ∆LNN (the numbers of lymph node metastases), post–CCT (consolidation chemotherapy) ∆SDWI (maximum cross-sectional area of tumor on diffusion-weighted imaging), post-CCT ADCT (the mean apparent diffusion coefficient values of tumor) and post-CCT ∆LNV (volume of lymph node) were the best CR predictors. Post-CRT EMVI (extramural vascular invasion) and post-CCT ∆ST2 (S on T2-weight) were the best significant factors for high sensitivity. Conclusions: Post-ICT ∆TL and post-CRT EMVI may an early predictor of CR and high sensitivity to TNT, respectively. The grouping scheme of CR and non–CR was more suitable for predicting response by MRI parameters than high, moderate and low sensitivity.Trial registration: retrospectively registered

scholarly journals Yebes 40 m radio telescope and the broad band Nanocosmos receivers at 7 mm and 3 mm for line surveys

2021 ◽  
Vol 645 ◽  
pp. A37
Author(s):  
F. Tercero ◽  
J. A. López-Pérez ◽  
J. D. Gallego ◽  
F. Beltrán ◽  
O. García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radio Telescope ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Molecular Chemistry ◽  
Long Baseline ◽  
New Instrumentation ◽  
Frequency Coverage ◽  
Technical Specifications

Context. Yebes 40 m radio telescope is the main and largest observing instrument at Yebes Observatory and is devoted to very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) and single-dish observations since 2010. It has been covering frequency bands between 2 GHz and 90 GHz in discontinuous and narrow windows in most cases in order to match the current needs of the European VLBI Network (EVN) and the Global Millimeter VLBI Array (GMVA). Aims. The Nanocosmos project, a European Union-funded synergy grant, has enabled an increase in the instantaneous frequency coverage of the Yebes 40 m radio telescope, making it possible to observe many molecular transitions with single tunings in single-dish mode. This reduces the observing time and maximises the output from the telescope. Methods. We present technical specifications of the recently installed 31.5−50 GHz (Q band) and 72−90.5 GHz (W band) receivers along with the main characteristics of the telescope at these frequency ranges. We observed IRC+10216, CRL 2688, and CRL 618, which harbour a rich molecular chemistry, to demonstrate the capabilities of the new instrumentation for spectral observations in single-dish mode. Results. Our results show the high sensitivity of the telescope in the Q band. The spectrum of IRC+10126 offers an unprecedented signal-to-noise ratio for this source in this band. On the other hand, the spectrum normalised by the continuum flux towards CRL 618 in the W band demonstrates that the 40 m radio telescope produces comparable results to those from the IRAM 30 m radio telescope, although with a lower sensitivity. The new receivers fulfil one of the main goals of Nanocosmos and open up the possibility to study the spectrum of different astrophysical media with unprecedented sensitivity.

scholarly journals The Effect of Oral Tactile Sensitivity on Texture Perception and Mastication Behavior in Humans

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace E. Shupe ◽  
Arran Wilson ◽  
Curtis R. Luckett
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Tactile Feedback ◽  
Interindividual Variation ◽  
Texture Perception ◽  
Tactile Acuity ◽  
Force Sensitivity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Oral Sensitivity ◽  
The Brain

AbstractMastication behavior is a notable source of interindividual variation in texture perception and could be linked to oral sensitivity. As oral sensitivity declines so does the amount of tactile feedback relayed to the brain, resulting in less effective manipulation or food and a reduced ability to discriminate differences. To address these hypotheses, we measured masticatory behavior and related this to texture discrimination and oral sensitivity. The study was performed on 41 participants in two groups, with high (n = 20) or low (n=21) sensitivity. Oral sensitivity was measured using a battery of tests that included: oral stereognosis, lingual tactile acuity, and bite force sensitivity. Sensitivity to texture changes was measured using a series of triangle tests with confectionaries of different hardness, with masticatory patterns and behaviors being video recorded and analyzed using jaw tracking software. Overall, there was no significant difference between high and low sensitivity participants and their ability to distinguish texture changes. But, there were significantly different trends found between the groups based on their masticatory behaviors including chewing pattern and overall number of chews. But, it was found that multiple masticatory behaviors were being modulated by oral sensitivity, including overall chewing cycles used (p < 0.0001). More, specifically those in the high sensitivity group used more stochastic chewing movements, while those in the low sensitivity group were found to use crescent-shaped chewing cycles. It was also noted that in the high sensitivity group the jaw moved further distances (p < 0.0001) in all phases and moved at a higher velocity when opening (p < 0.0001) but not when closing, when compared to the low sensitivity group. These results help bolster evidence that mastication and oral sensitivity are related.

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