Care-givers’ perspectives of occupational engagement of persons with dementia

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
MEGUMI TSUNAKA ◽  
JENNY C. C. CHUNG
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Safety Concern ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
Occupational Engagement ◽  
Card Sort ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
Support Resources

ABSTRACTMeaningful engagement in activity is associated with the maintenance of health and wellbeing, but reduced activity participation is common among persons with dementia. Family care-givers play an important role in engaging their relatives with dementia in activities but little is known about their perception of occupational engagement. This study aimed to examine care-givers’ perception of occupational performance of their relatives from three aspects: person, occupation and environment. Adopting a qualitative methodology, semi-structured and in-depth interviews were conducted with 14 family care-givers. Care-givers were also asked to document the activity patterns of their relative, using the Activity Card Sort Hong Kong version (ACS-HK). The ACS-HK findings suggested that high-demand leisure activities were mostly retained (61%) while instrumental activities of daily living were the least retained (37%). Qualitative analysis revealed that care-givers’ perception of activity participation was intertwined with their motives and behaviours to get their relatives engaged in activities. Care-givers acknowledged occupational engagement as a means of maintaining wellness and used various strategies to encourage their relative's activity participation. Apathy and passivity, however, are difficult to deal with. Also, activity decisions appear to depend on the availability of support resources and a balance between safety concern and risk-taking. Clinical practitioners could assist care-givers by suggesting activity strategies and providing support resources for continued engagement of their relative in activities.

scholarly journals Assessment of Knowledge, Strains and Coping of the Family Care Givers Having Autistic Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-219
Author(s):  
Safaa Abu El-Soud ◽  
Wafaa Ouda ◽  
Somaya Abou Abdou ◽  
Manal Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Family Care ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
The Family ◽  
And Coping

Technology to support positive occupational engagement and communication in persons with multiple disabilities

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulio E. Lancioni ◽  
Mark F. O’Reilly ◽  
Nirbhay N. Singh ◽  
Jeff Sigafoos ◽  
Adele Boccasini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Multiple Disabilities ◽  
The Other ◽  
Multiple Baseline ◽  
Occupational Engagement ◽  
Baseline Design ◽  
Motor Disabilities ◽  
Sensory Motor ◽  
Telephone Calls ◽  
Program Version

AbstractPersons with multiple (intellectual and sensory-motor) disabilities can have serious difficulties managing their independent engagement in leisure activities and communication, particularly with partners not present in their immediate environment.This study assessed two versions of a technology-aided program (involving a computer system to present leisure and communication options and a microswitch to choose among them) with four participants with multiple disabilities. Two participants used the first version of the program, which allowed them to choose among leisure (music) options. The other two participants used the second version of the program, which allowed them to choose among leisure (music and videos) and communication (telephone calls) options. Each program version was implemented according to a non-concurrent multiple baseline design across participants.Data showed that both program versions were successful in helping the participants achieve the objectives pursued, that is, choose and access leisure or leisure and communication options independently.Technology-aided programs can enable persons with multiple disabilities to manage positive occupational engagement and communication.

The “Audible Word” in the Media Preferences of Youth

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4-2) ◽  
pp. 400-419
Author(s):  
Svetlana Storozheva ◽  
◽  
Natalia Mikidenko ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Educational Practices ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Media Preferences ◽  
Book Format

The development of digital technologies creates the conditions for a new stage in the development and dissemination of audio culture. Radio plays have been replaced by audiobooks, audio podcasts, and audio series. The book market is experiencing an "audio explosion". There is a steady growth of interest in audiobooks, which compete with musical content. The authors of the article turn to the study of the current state of the culture of the "audible word". This article examines the audiobook reading of student readers, who were socialized under the conditions of the large-scale spread of digital technologies. The aim of the research: to consider audioreading in the context of leisure and educational practices of young people. The study is based on theoretical approaches that consider the phenomenon of audio consumption in modern media (V.Y. Bal', M.Y. Gudova, J.P. Melentieva, V. Erlmann, W. Hagen, A. Kassabian, J.F. Lehmann). The study examined students' perceptions of audiobook reading, its place in leisure and educational practices. The authors conducted a sociological study (December 2020) with the participation of 85 students in order to identify the perceptions of audiobook reading. Qualitative methodology of analysis of answers to open-ended questions was used for the study. The design questionnaire included questions on preferred types of reading, use of audiobook reading in educational and leisure practices, reasons for interest in audiobook reading and possibilities of audiobook reading as a type of educational content. The study identified students' preferences in the choice of book format (paper, electronic, audiobooks), students' ideas about the reasons for wide distribution of audiobooks, advantages and limitations of audiobooks, convenient contexts for daily life, practices of using audiobooks in educational and leisure activities. The authors consider the potential of audiobooks in the organization of educational and leisure activities of students.

Participation in Leisure Activities by Portuguese Children With Cerebral Palsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 127 (6) ◽  
pp. 1051-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Vila-Nova ◽  
Raul Oliveira ◽  
Rita Cordovil
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Family Factors ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Activity Types

Leisure participation contributes to the health and wellbeing of children with and without physical disabilities. In the present cross-sectional study, we aimed to assess the influence of child and family factors on leisure activity participation of children with cerebral palsy (CP) aged 8-18 years. A convenience sample of 69 participants with CP (M age = 12.75 years, SD = 2.95; 45 males) responded to the Children’s Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment questionnaire to report participation diversity, frequency, companies, environment and enjoyment in leisure activities. From these questionnaires, we used descriptive statistics to summarize overall participation, two activity domains (formal and informal) and five activity types (recreational, social, active physical, skill-based, and self-improvement). Regression analysis assessed child and family factors’ influence on participation. On average, children with CP were involved in 21 leisure activities in the last four months. Within activity types, social and recreational activities were the most frequently reported. Participation in physical and skill-based activities was low. Overall children with CP experienced high enjoyment with engagement in leisure activities. Collectively, factors of age, cognitive function, gross motor function, and mother’s education level predicted 33% of activity diversity and 30% of activity frequency. We concluded that children with CP show diverse leisure activity participation and high leisure activity enjoyment. Health, education and sports professionals should consider the child’s functional profile and family context when promoting participation.

Body work and later-life care in Turkey: a qualitative study of paid and unpaid carers of older people

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 2106-2127
Author(s):  
Yelda Özen
Keyword(s):  
Family Care ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Care Work ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Life Care ◽  
Unpaid Care ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Professional Care ◽  
Home Space

AbstractThe ageing population of Turkey has brought later-life care into question. Family care remains most prevalent, but institutional, paid and professional care are increasing. Literature in Turkey has focused on the medical or social policy aspects but not care-givers’ experiences, nor how the care is performed. This study aims to illuminate care-givers’ experiences using qualitative methods, through in-depth interviews in Ankara with 19 care-givers providing home care for people aged 65 and over. Commonalities and differences were revealed among unpaid family care-givers, paid care-givers and professional care-givers. First, whether paid or unpaid, the bodily and emotional aspects of care work are intertwined. To cope with the ‘negativities’ involved in the work, nurses usually medicalised bodily tasks, unpaid care-givers cited traditional responsibilities and employed infantilisation, while paid care-givers mostly informalised the relationship, infantilised the person cared for and underlined their asexuality. Secondly, care work is gendered; silenced, invisible and ambivalent; related to intimacy with older bodies; and performed in the home space, which blurs the distinction between the private and public field for paid care. Finally, it involves emotional work regarding managing the bodily aspects and navigating the relationships surrounding the older person; and it is labour-intensive with an exploitative character.

Activity Participation Differences Between Younger and Older Individuals with Stroke

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Wolf ◽  
Joseph K. Brey ◽  
Carolyn Baum ◽  
Lisa Tabor Connor
Keyword(s):  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Card Sort ◽  
Rehabilitation Professionals ◽  
Stroke Impact Scale ◽  
Impact Scale ◽  
Community Environments

The purpose of this study was to describe differences in activity participation between younger and older individuals with stroke to inform transition after stroke. This was a cross-sectional study with individuals six-months poststroke (n = 177). All individuals completed an outcomes assessment battery that included the Stroke Impact Scale, the Reintegration to Normal Living Index and the Activity Card Sort. The sample was divided into two groups: (1) Young — those under the age of 65 (n = 89); and (2) Old — those 65 or older (n = 88). Analysis was completed to examine differences between the groups on the primary outcome measures of the study and to look at differences between the groups on individual questions/items on the specific measures. The results of this study demonstrate: (1) significant differences in both the quantity and nature of activity participation prior to and after stroke between younger and older stroke survivors and (2) total scores and measures of central tendency do not necessarily provide therapists with the information they need to guide treatment. Rehabilitation professionals should focus on providing clients with the tools they will need to be successful in transitioning back to home and community environments once rehabilitation has ended.

Activity Patterns and Health Outcomes in Later Life: The Role of Nature of Engagement

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 698-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Chih Chen ◽  
Michelle Putnam ◽  
Yung Soo Lee ◽  
Nancy Morrow-Howell
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
Activity Engagement ◽  
Design And Methods

Abstract Background and Objectives The health benefit of activity participation at older ages is documented in the current literature. Many studies, however, only explored the health benefits of engaging in a few activities and did not examine mechanisms connecting activity participation to health. We investigated the pathway between activity and health by testing the mediation role of the nature of engagement (physical, cognitive, and social) on physical, mental, and cognitive health of older adults. Research Design and Methods We analyzed data of 6,044 older adults from the 2010 and 2012 Health and Retirement Study linked with 2011 Consumption and Activity Mail Survey. We used latent class analysis to identify the patterns of participating in 33 activities as well as patterns of nature of engagement, and examined how these patterns were associated with cognition, depressive symptoms, and self-rated health in later life. Results Meaningful patterns of activity (high, medium, low, passive leisure, and working) and the nature of activity engagement (full, partial, and minimal) were identified. High and working groups, compared to the passive leisure group, showed better health and cognition outcomes. The nature of engagement mediated the relationship between activity patterns and health, especially for older adults who were either full or partially engaged. Discussion and Implications The nature of engagement may play a more important role than the activity itself in relation to health. Identifying the heterogeneity in activity engagement in later life is critical for tailoring interventions and designing programs that can improve the health of older adults.

Participation in Occupational Performance: Reliability and Validity of the Activity Card Sort

2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noomi Katz ◽  
Hanah Karpin ◽  
Arit Lak ◽  
Tania Furman ◽  
Adina Hartman-Maeir
Keyword(s):  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Card Sort ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Current Activity ◽  
Post Hoc

The Activity Card Sort (ACS) is a comprehensive instrument for assessing participation in occupational performance of instrumental, social-cultural, and leisure activities. The purpose of the study was to determine the reliability and validity of the ACS within different adult and older adult groups. The study included 263 participants comprising 5 groups of 61 healthy adults, 61 healthy older adults, 40 spouses or caregivers of individuals with Alzheimer's, 45 individuals with multiple sclerosis, and 56 individuals 1 year after having a stroke. The ACS was adapted to the Israeli culture in a previous study with the author's permission. The final version that was used in this analysis included 88 picture cards of adults performing instrumental, social-cultural, and low and high physical leisure activities that the clients sort into five categories. The ACS provides a “retained activity level” score that is the percentage of activities in which a person is currently engaged divided by those with whom he or she was involved in the past. In addition, comparisons between all groups of current activity levels were analyzed. The ACS had high internal consistency (Cronbach alpha in each area) for instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and social-cultural activities (.82, .80), and lower for low and high physical leisure activities (.66, .61). A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) that compared groups of participants on total retained activity level and individual activity areas showed a significant group effect on all comparisons (p<.000) that support construct validity. Post hoc Scheffe tests revealed significant differences between most groups. The same results were found for current activity level. The results support the reliability and validity of the ACS and provide a basis for its clinical use.

scholarly journals Transition trajectories from youth institutional care to adulthood

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Ilze Trapenciere
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Institutional Care ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Youth Transitions

The main trajectories of transitions have essential importance for a child and youth living in child long-term institutional care – moving from family care to institutional care, life in institution(s), and the second trajectory – transition from institution to independent adult life. In this article trajectories of child and youth transitions from institutional care are discussed. The study is based on the qualitative methodology. Methods used – 20 interviews with staff of the institutions and youth leaving the institutions. The trajectories of the transitions are analysed on the basis of the assessment of existing practice.

scholarly journals ‘Add info and stir’: an institutional ethnographic scoping review of family care-givers’ information work

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 663-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole K. Dalmer
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Complex Needs ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
Information Work ◽  
Work Done

AbstractFamily care-givers are increasingly expected to find, understand and use information to meet the complex needs of older adults in their care. A significant number of studies, however, continue to report that care-givers’ information needs are unmet. Following Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review framework, I examined 72 articles for the range and extent of available research on the information work done by family care-givers of community-dwelling older adults living with dementia. To untangle the complex relationship between information and care, this scoping review maps out (a) the ways scholarly literature conceptualises the informational components of family care-givers’ work and (b) the degree to which scholarly research acknowledges these components as work. An institutional ethnography inflection enhanced the scoping review framework, enabling the privileging of lived experiences, questioning of assumptions of language used, attending to authors’ positioning and highlighting care-givers’ information work made invisible throughout the processes of academic research.

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