scholarly journals ‘I try my best … I try to relieve the burden of my mum’: a narrative analysis of the everyday care-giving experiences for five intergenerational Singapore-Chinese families where one member has dementia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
May Yeok Koo ◽  
Helen Pusey ◽  
John Keady
Keyword(s):  
Family Member ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Filial Piety ◽  
Chinese Family ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Chinese Families ◽  
Care Giving ◽  
Singapore Chinese ◽  
At Home

Abstract Singapore is experiencing a rapid growth in its ageing population with most of the islands’ inhabitants living in high-rise apartments due to the scarcity of land. The Chinese community living in Singapore comprises the largest ethnic group and they are more likely to live together under one roof in an intergenerational family grouping. Currently, there are gaps in understanding intergenerational Singapore-Chinese families and their approach to caring at home for a family member with dementia. The aim of this longitudinal qualitative study was to understand better this everyday care-giving experience. Using semi-structured biographical interviews and digital photographs to elicit family stories, five intergenerational Singapore-Chinese families were visited at home for a period of between six and 15 months. Each recruited intergenerational family was treated as a ‘case’. Narrative analysis of the data was applied within and between cases and resulted in the emergence of three themes that represented various dynamics in the data. The three themes were identified as: (1) family values, which is about the cultural context in which everyday care takes place, the religious beliefs and practices of the intergenerational Singapore-Chinese families, and the practice of filial piety; (2) family support, which is about everyday access to family and service networks, including the contribution of the live-in maid in caring for the family member with dementia; and (3) family bonds, which is about the maintenance of intergenerational family relations in the Chinese family kinship system.

scholarly journals From Traditional to Transnational: The Chung Family History as a Case Example

Genealogy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Liu
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Filial Piety ◽  
Chinese Family ◽  
Or Education ◽  
Chinese Families ◽  
Traditional Family ◽  
Family Tradition ◽  
Inheritance System ◽  
Harmonious Family

A harmonious family of three generations living under one roof is often an assumed image of a Chinese traditional family. In reality, few Chinese families resemble this image. My article uses the Chung family history to illustrate how a family in rural Guangdong, South China, experienced a fast social ascent or descent in one generation. Its history reveals many aspects of Chinese family tradition, such as filial piety, equal inheritance system among sons, or education as an important family agenda. The rise and fall of this family also helps us understand the competitive social environment of Guangdong that sent hundreds of thousand immigrants overseas in the mid-nineteenth and early twentieth century. When some members of the Chung family migrated overseas, other members followed. The Chung lineage, similar to numerous Cantonese immigrant families in America, became transnational in culture.

REVISITING THE FATHER-SON CONFLICTS IN CHINESE FAMILIES FROM A CULTURAL LENS: IMPLICATIONS FOR FAMILY-CENTERED PRACTICE IN CHINESE SOCIETIES

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (01) ◽  
pp. 43-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
SIMON T. M. CHAN
Keyword(s):  
Family Therapy ◽  
Marital Conflict ◽  
Filial Piety ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Chinese Family ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Clinical Context ◽  
Chinese Families ◽  
Family Interview ◽  
Family Centered

A Chinese proverb reads "Wu Chou Bu Cheng Fu Zi"—無仇不成父子 (hatred bonds the father and his son). This well describes many of the father-son struggles found in clinical cases in Chinese families where the son rejects the father, who tries his best to get along with the son. The explanation for this phenomenon can be found in the field of family therapy (Bowen, 1976, 1985; Minuchin, 1996, 1993), which states that the son is being triangulated in the marital conflict and allied with the mother. However, there is no comprehensive account of the issue of father-son conflict and its inconsistency with classical Chinese concepts such as filial piety. This gap in the research can be addressed with interviews of Chinese families in a clinical context, in which the concept of family justice (大義滅親) can be deduced. This article not only unearths the concept of family justice in Chinese families, which hitherto has been rather hidden (Hall,1990), but also prepares that way to continue the research practice of conducting family interview on Chinese families. Through such conceptual discussions, classical concepts in Chinese culture can be recalled, and strategies for indigenous Chinese family therapy can be cultivated.

Long-distance Filial Piety: Chinese Families in Australasia Caring for Elderly Parents across Borders (長距離的孝道：紐西蘭與澳洲華人家庭的跨國父母照顧)

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsie Seckyee Ho (何式怡) ◽  
Lan-hung Nora Chiang (姜蘭虹)
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Older People ◽  
Adult Children ◽  
Filial Piety ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Transnational Migration ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Chinese Families ◽  
Care Giving

In this age of transnational migration, family structures and relationships are transformed as a result of family members living in two or more countries. Over the past three decades, the international migration of Chinese from East Asia to Australia and New Zealand is an example of the global phenomenon of transnationalism, where families employ bi- or multi-local strategies to meet the needs of family members at different stages of their life cycle. Despite this growing trend towards transnationalism, the care of older people in transnational settings has received little attention in studies on migration, transnationalism and care. Older members are in need of help and care when their children and other younger relatives change residence to other countries. In the case of older people who have followed their adult children to live in another country, the need for help and care can arise or increase when the health of the older migrants deteriorates, often making it necessary for other overseas family members to go between countries for the care of their elderly relatives.This paper is based on 80 in-depth interviews with Chinese families in Australia and New Zealand where adult children are providing care to their aged parents living in Taiwan, the People’s Republic of China and Hong Kongsar. The study explores the transnational care-givers’ attitudes towards filial piety, and how filial responsibilities are performed through transnational care-giving. The findings offer insight into the ageing experience of elderly Chinese people in transnational contexts, and stimulates new thinking on broader issues of global human mobility and transnational aged care amongst contemporary Chinese families.隨著全球化與跨國移民的興起，家庭結構與家庭關係因家庭成員分散在不同國家而改變，東亞華人因為移民紐西蘭與澳洲而影響家庭結構並改變家庭關係就是一個例子。過去三十年東亞華人移民到紐西蘭及澳洲的數量大幅增加，家庭成員運用雙方或多方的在地策略，來滿足他們在不同生命階段中的需求；雖然跨國主義普遍發生於各國，但相關長者照顧的研究並未受到重視。當年輕子女離家後，年長父母隨著健康的惡化，生活協助與健康照顧的需求跟著產生，有些父母會隨著子女移往移民國，有些則留在當地由其他親友或移民子女來回奔波照顧。本研究透過深入訪談八十位居住澳洲與紐西蘭的台灣、香港及大陸移民，了解他們如何照顧居住在母國的年長父母。研究探索了跨國照顧者對孝道的看法，以及如何透過跨國照顧來盡孝道。研究結果從跨國移民脈絡中爬梳華人長者的老化經驗，擴展當代全球華人移動議題的討論視野並為跨國長者照顧議題注入新的看法。 (This article is in English).

Providing care for a person with late-stage dementia at home: What are carers’ experiences?

Dementia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-374
Author(s):  
Laura Dempsey ◽  
Maura Dowling ◽  
Philip Larkin ◽  
Kathy Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Family Member ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Family Carers ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Life After Death ◽  
Care Giving ◽  
Relationship Change ◽  
Person With Dementia ◽  
At Home

Background It is widely reported that carers who provide care for a family member with dementia endure physical and psychological burdens. Not only do they fulfil an important role for the person with dementia but also for the wider society. This study aims to explore the experiences of carers who provide end-of-life care for a person with late-stage dementia at home. Method Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 current carers and 6 past carers of a family member with late-stage dementia. Data was analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Results Four super-ordinate themes were identified which described the challenges faced by carers at different stages of their care giving journey: (1) The experience of dementia grief; (2) Parenting the parent; (3) Seeking support; (4) Death, dying and life after death. Conclusion Dementia grief was experienced by carers as a result of a relationship change and an inability to recognise the person with dementia as their mother, father or spouse. A role transition ensued resulting in the carer adopting the role of parent. Carers expressed a desire to provide care for the person with dementia at home until the time of death; however, support is required in this area at both individual and community level. Family carers require education to help identify the dying phase which will assist to minimise the shock of death. Strong evidence suggests that the burden of care may leave family carers poorly equipped to adapt to life after the death of the person with dementia. Greater pre-death support is required to facilitate a better post bereavement adjustment.

Lower-Limb Rehabilitation at Home

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-23
Author(s):  
Seanglidet Yean ◽  
Bu-Sung Lee ◽  
Chai Kiat Yeo
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Functional Activities ◽  
State Identification ◽  
Motion State ◽  
Limb Rehabilitation ◽  
Lower Limb Rehabilitation ◽  
Rehabilitation Exercise ◽  
At Home

Ageing causes loss of muscle strength, especially on the lower limbs, resulting in higher risk to injuries during functional activities. The path to recovery is through physiotherapy and adopt customized rehabilitation exercise to assist the patients. Hence, lowering the risk of incorrect exercise at home involves the use of biofeedback for physical rehabilitation patients and quantitative reports for clinical physiotherapy. This research topic has garnered much attention in recent years owing to the fast ageing population and the limited number of clinical experts. In this paper, the authors survey the existing works in exercise assessment and state identification. The evaluation results in the accuracy of 95.83% average classifying exercise motion state using the proposed raw signal. It confirmed that raw signals have more impact than using sensor-fused Euler and joint angles in the state identification prediction model.

Combining employment and care-giving: how differing care intensities influence employment patterns among middle-aged women in Germany

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 925-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadiya Kelle
Keyword(s):  
Cox Regression ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Unpaid Care ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Care Giving ◽  
Employed Women ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractGiven an ageing population and increased participation by women in the labour force, the relationship between unpaid care and the availability of women to the labour force is gaining in importance as an issue. This article assesses the impact of unpaid care on transitions into employment by women aged between 45 and 59 years. It uses the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) from the years 2001–2014 to estimate Cox regression models for 6,201 employed women. The results indicate that women with higher caring responsibilities and women with lower caring responsibilities are heterogeneous in terms of the socio-economic characteristics that they exhibit: higher-intensity care providers tend to have a lower level of educational attainment and a weaker attachment to the labour force than women with less-intensive caring responsibilities. Furthermore, while women with more-intensive caring roles are highly likely to exit the labour market altogether, female carers with less-intensive roles seem to be able to combine work and care better. These results highlight the importance of providing more affordable institutional and professional care services, especially for low- and medium-income families.

scholarly journals Seeing the collective: family arrangements for care at home for older people with dementia

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (06) ◽  
pp. 1200-1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTINE CECI ◽  
HOLLY SYMONDS BROWN ◽  
MARY ELLEN PURKIS
Keyword(s):  
Family Care ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Family Carers ◽  
Care Giving ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Care At Home ◽  
At Home

ABSTRACTWith the predicted growth in the number of people with dementia living at home across the globe, the need for home-based care is expected to increase. As such, it will be primarily family carers who will provide this crucial support to family members. Designing appropriate support for family carers is thus essential to minimise risks to their health, to prevent premature institutionalisation or poor care for persons with dementia, as well as to sustain the effective functioning of health and social care systems. To date, the high volume of research related to care at home and acknowledged low impact of interventions suggests that a re-examination of the nature of care at home, and how we come to know about it, is necessary if we are to advance strategies that will contribute to better outcomes for families. This paper describes findings from an ethnographic study that was designed to support an analysis of the complexity and materiality of family care arrangements – that is, the significance of the actual physical, technological and institutional elements shaping care-giving situations. In this paper, we describe the arrangements made by one family to show the necessary collectivity of these arrangements, and the consequences of the formal care system's failure to respond to these.

scholarly journals The Role of Family in Modern China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2021/1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsombor Rajkai
Keyword(s):  
Filial Piety ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Modern China ◽  
Intergenerational Relationship ◽  
Contemporary China ◽  
Social Unit ◽  
Chinese Families ◽  
Workplace Relations ◽  
The Family ◽  
Political Economic

Following the Maoist period (1949–1976), which stressed workplace relations over family ties and the post-Mao era, which restored the family as an important social unit, the family in contemporary China suggests a blended picture of both pre-modern, modern and post-modern characteristics. For instance, the increasing intergenerational relationship accompanied by strong filial piety shows a quasi-return to pre-modern conditions, whereas the freedom of mateselection rather reveals a modern characteristic of Chinese families today. In contrast, China’s current low total fertility rate shows a post-modern feature of the family, albeit as a result of direct state intervention in the private sphere. This blended and compressed characteristic can also be seen in the ambiguous transformation of the private (family) and ‘public’ (defined here as ‘non-private’, such as political, economic and civil society) spheres. However, it can be argued that contemporary China, which offers new perspectives to social sciences for a better understanding of the different paths of modernisation in general, is being characterised by a sort of new modern familism where the family continues to play an essential role in social responsibility and sustainability.

scholarly journals Language Choice Used by Chinese Family in Langsa

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Yusmawati Yusmawati ◽  
Cut Intan Lestari ◽  
Nurul Hidayah
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Language Choice ◽  
Social Condition ◽  
Chinese Family ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Chinese Families ◽  
Language Selection ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Town

The research aims at identifying the language choice used by Chinese family in Langsa, the phenomenon that has long been seen in Chinese families: having tendency to choose Indonesian as the second language in their families even though they live in the Aceh region. This phenomenon is not only seen in the town but also in urban areas. The emergence of language selection is caused by the occurrence of language, social condition, and cultural tradition. The interesting thing to look at and study in connection with this phenomenon is that members in the family are from the Chinese ethnic group and speakers of native Chinese but the language used to communicate with the community in the chosen environment is Indonesian. The focus of this research is to analyze language selection Indonesia in a Chinese family in Langsa. The research is executed by means of descriptive qualitative method supported by the technique of interview to get deep information about the language choice.

scholarly journals Trends in women's informal eldercare in China, 1991–2011: an age–period–cohort analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 2756-2775
Author(s):  
Meng Sha Luo ◽  
Ernest Wing Tak Chui
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
Filial Piety ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Cohort Model ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
Care Giving ◽  
Time Periods

AbstractAlthough many studies have described society-wide changes in adult women's care-giving for ageing family members, few have examined how this informal eldercare has changed across care-givers’ lifecourse and the temporal changes across different time periods and birth cohorts. Using a hierarchical age–period–cohort model to disentangle the confounding effects of age, period and cohort, this study examines the lifecourse and temporal changes in women's informal eldercare in China that can be attributed to the processes of ageing and social transformation. It advances understanding of the extent to which urbanisation and education have affected women's care-giving over time. The results reveal positive age, period and cohort effects which, together, indicate that the tradition of xiao (filial piety) is in a stable state or even resurgent. Higher education and urban residency are both positively related to women's care-giving behaviour. As women age, the gap between residency differences in eldercare decreases. This study supports the argument that xiao culture is resilient and resistant to change, and that education can function as an enabler to promote it.

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