scholarly journals Job quality trajectories among baby-boomers in Germany and their consequences for the motivation to work – results from the lidA cohort study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Michael Stiller ◽  
Nina Garthe ◽  
Hans Martin Hasselhorn
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Job Quality ◽  
Working Lives ◽  
Healthy Working ◽  
Employment Participation ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Motivation To Work

Abstract In light of a large proportion of older workers leaving the German labour market in the near future, policy makers aim to extend working lives to ensure sustainability of the social security system. In this context, safe and healthy working conditions are considered a precondition for encouraging employment participation. To understand better the role of the work environment in pre-retirement years, we draw upon an established model of five job quality profiles for the German ageing workforce. We explored seven-year profile development and linked selected manual and non-manual job quality trajectories to the motivation to work (MTW) using data from the 2011, 2014 and 2018 assessments of the lidA cohort study (valid N = 2,863). We found that older workers shifted to physically less-demanding profiles. Individual profile stability was prevalent among one-third of the workers. In 2018, there was a higher MTW when job quality remained favourable or improved early, while later improvements were associated with lower MTW. Early deterioration of job quality was associated with lower MTW levels among workers with non-manual trajectories only. The results highlight the dynamic job quality situation of the older German workforce and the importance of adopting a person-centred perspective when investigating working conditions and its effects. They further underline the need to consider quality of work when designing and implementing strategies to extend working lives.

scholarly journals Employees’ Longer Working Lives in Europe: Drivers and Barriers in Companies

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1658
Author(s):  
Andrea Principi ◽  
Jürgen Bauknecht ◽  
Mirko Di Rosa ◽  
Marco Socci
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Early Retirement ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
European Level ◽  
The Public ◽  
Working Lives ◽  
Market Factors ◽  
Legal Retirement Age

This paper identifies, within companies’ sectors of activity, predictors of Human Resource (HR) policies to extend working life (EWL) in light of increasing policy efforts at the European level to extend working life. Three types of EWL practices are investigated: the prevention of early retirement (i.e., encouraging employees to continue working until the legal retirement age); delay of retirement (i.e., encouraging employees to continue working beyond the legal retirement age); and, recruitment of employees who are already retired (i.e., unretirement). A sample of 4624 European organizations that was stratified by size and sector is analyzed in six countries. The main drivers for companies’ EWL practices are the implementation of measures for older workers to improve their performance, their working conditions, and to reduce costs. In industry, the qualities and skills of older workers could be more valued than in other sectors, while the adoption of EWL practices might be less affected by external economic and labor market factors in the public sector. Dutch and Italian employers may be less prone than others to extend working lives. These results underline the importance of raising employers’ awareness and increase their actions to extend employees’ working lives by adopting age management initiatives, especially in SMEs, and in the services and public sectors.

scholarly journals TO WHAT DEGREE IS AGEISM ACTUALLY DISABLEISM? A QUALITATIVE STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S570-S570
Author(s):  
Mariska van der Horst ◽  
Sarah Vickerstaff
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Working Lives ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Large Case

Abstract Ageism has been identified as a possible threat to the extending working lives agenda that is prevalent in many Western countries. It recently became a popular topic of research, but is not yet well understood. In this article we explore to what degree ageism is actually hidden disableism. We suggest that not all ageism is likely to be disableism, but a large part is, with the difference that it is not (necessarily) about actual impairments, but expected impairments. Using data from a large case study based project in the UK (containing 185 participants), we further assess to what degree older workers link ageism to disableism in their own accounts of future work plans. We conclude that even though we would still expect ageism to affect employment of older workers, without disableism it is unlikely that ageism would be as detrimental to the employment of older workers as it is now.

scholarly journals Do good psychosocial working conditions prolong working lives? Findings from a prospective study in Sweden

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Stengård ◽  
Constanze Leineweber ◽  
Marianna Virtanen ◽  
Hugo Westerlund ◽  
Hui-Xin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Job Resources ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Work Time ◽  
Psychosocial Working Conditions ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Working Lives ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Reward Imbalance

AbstractDue to an ageing population, governments in European countries are striving to keep older workers longer in the workforce. Remarkably few studies have paid attention to the influence of psychosocial working conditions on timing of retirement for older workers in and beyond normative retirement age. The aim of the present study was to examine whether good psychosocial working conditions contribute to prolonged working lives among older workers (59 years and above). A particular question was whether such conditions increase in importance with age. Seven waves (2006–2018) of the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health (SLOSH) were used (N = 6000, observations = 10,632). Discrete-time event history analyses showed that higher levels of job resources (decision authority [OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.06–1.22], skill use [OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.07–1.29], learning opportunities [OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.13–1.31], social support [OR 1.29 (95% CI 1.16–1.42], work-time control [OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01–1.13], and reward [OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.24–1.57])—but not lower levels of job demands (quantitative and emotional demands or effort)—were associated with working longer (continued work two years later). Also, low effort-reward imbalance (OR 0.84 [95% CI 0.73–0.96]) was associated with working longer. In addition, skill use, work-time control, reward, and low effort-reward imbalance increased in importance with age for continued work. These results suggest that providing older workers with control over their work tasks, giving opportunities for learning and using their skills, as well as rewarding and acknowledging their achievements, may keep them in the workforce longer. Especially, job resources may grow in importance with age.

Post-Retirement Paid Work and Inequalities at Older Ages

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 416-416
Author(s):  
Benjamin Shaw ◽  
Kevin Cahill ◽  
Michael Giandrea
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Later Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
Job Quality ◽  
Career Stage ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
Employment Transitions ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Participation in paid work frequently extends beyond pensionable age, with the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development observing, in “Pensions at a Glance” (2017, pp. 126–7), that effective retirement ages in high-income countries exceed normal full-pension-eligibility ages by 10 months for men and two months for women. While working after pensionable age is becoming ever more common, not all workers on the cusp of retirement are able to continue in their current position or find a new job. Remarkably, little is known about the implications of unequal access to post-retirement work for social and income inequalities in later life, nor how job quality might change as people work into the years normally set aside for retirement. The four papers in this symposium address the following questions: 1) do bridge employment transitions exacerbate or mitigate income inequality later in life? 2) how does job quality (job satisfaction, physical and psychosocial working conditions) compare before and after pensionable age? 3) which processes lead to changes in working conditions in the late career? and 4) might empirical and theoretical gains be made by considering post-pensionable-age paid work as a specific career stage? The presenters use longitudinal data from the United States (the Health and Retirement Study, HRS), Sweden (Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health, SLOSH), and Japan (Japanese Study of Aging and Retirement, JSTAR) complemented by interviews with older workers in Sweden. This symposium will provide insights into the nature and consequences of working after pensionable age in contrasting institutional settings.

scholarly journals Internal consistency and factor structure of Jenkins Sleep Scale: cross-sectional cohort study among 80 000 adults

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e043276
Author(s):  
Juhani Juhola ◽  
J P A Arokoski ◽  
Jenni Ervasti ◽  
Mika Kivimäki ◽  
Jussi Vahtera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Working ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Working Age Population

ObjectivesTo assess the internal consistency and construct validity of the Finnish translation of the Jenkins Sleep Scale (JSS) in a large healthy working-age population with diverse work characteristics.DesignSurvey-based cross-sectional cohort study.SettingSurvey conducted by an institute of occupational health.ParticipantsEmployees of 10 towns and 6 hospital districts.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe internal consistency defined by a Cronbach’s alpha. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to evaluate the construct structure of the JSS.ResultsOf 81 136 respondents, 14 890 (18%) were men and 66 246 (82%) were women. Their average age was 52.1 (13.2) years. Of the respondents, 41 823 (52%) were sleeping 7 or less hours per night. The mean JSS total score was 6.4 (4.8) points. The JSS demonstrated high internal consistency with an alpha of 0.80 (lower 95% confidence limit 0.80). Exploratory factor analysis supported a one-factor solution with eigenvalue of 1.94. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that all four items were positively correlated with a single common factor explaining 44%–61% of common factor’s variance.ConclusionsThe Finnish translation of JSS was found to be a unidimensional scale with good internal consistency. As such, the scale may be recommended as a practicable questionnaire when studying sleep difficulties in a healthy working-age population.

scholarly journals Prevalence of anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease in Japan: A nationwide, cross-sectional cohort study using data from the Japan Chronic Kidney Disease Database (J-CKD-DB)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. e0236132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadashi Sofue ◽  
Naoki Nakagawa ◽  
Eiichiro Kanda ◽  
Hajime Nagasu ◽  
Kunihiro Matsushita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

scholarly journals Cannulation technique and complications in arteriovenous fistulas: a Swedish Renal Registry-based cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Staaf ◽  
Anders Fernström ◽  
Fredrik Uhlin
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Rate Ratio ◽  
Incidence Rate Ratio ◽  
National Registry ◽  
The Other ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistulas ◽  
Cannulation Technique ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The four cannulation techniques, rope ladder (RL), area puncture (AP), buttonhole with blunt needles (BHb), and buttonhole with sharp needles (BHs), affects the arteriovenous fistula (AVF) in different ways. The aim of this study was to describe the relationship between the different cannulation techniques and the occurrence of AVF complications. Methods The study was performed as a national registry-based cohort study using data from the Swedish Renal Registry (SRR). Data were collected from January 2014 to October 2019. Seventy of Sweden’s dialysis units participate in the registry. We analyzed a total of 1328 AVFs in this study. The risk of complications was compared between the four different cannulation techniques. The risk of AVF complications was measured by the incidence and incidence rate ratio (IRR). We compared the IRRs of complications between different cannulation techniques. Results BHs is the most common cannulation technique in Sweden. It has been used in 55% of the AVFs at some point during their functional patency. BHb (29%), RL (13%), and AP (3%) has been used less. BHb had the lowest risk of complications compared to the other techniques, and a significantly lower risk of stenosis, infiltration, cannulation difficulties, compared to RL and BHs. Cannulation difficulties were significantly more common using AP compared to BHs, and BHb. Infections were not significantly increased using the buttonhole technique. Conclusions BHb had the lowest risk of complications. Infections were not significantly increased using the buttonhole technique. Dialysis units with a low infection rate may continue to use the buttonhole technique, as the risk of complications is lower.

scholarly journals Ageing Organisations and the Extension of Working Lives: A Case Study Approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 773-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
WIETEKE CONEN ◽  
KÈNE HENKENS ◽  
JOOP SCHIPPERS
Keyword(s):  
Older Workers ◽  
National Level ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Working Lives ◽  
Economic Climate ◽  
Health Related

AbstractThis paper examines how the economic climate and policy changes at national level have been affecting organisational practices, aimed at the extension of working lives of older workers, over the last decade. We analyse case studies conducted among Dutch organisations. Our findings show that personnel policies are typically short-term oriented and vary in their existence and content congruous to the economic climate. Policy changes in retirement arrangements, and the debate about raising the official retirement age, have made both employees and employers realise that the extension of working lives has become an unavoidable fact, although both parties still seem intrinsically opposed to it. Changes to safety regulations and the increase in costs for employers if employees drop out of work due to ill health have led to an increasing focus on health-related measures in professions with intense physical work over the last decade. We conclude that, while national level policy changes in areas like health and safety do percolate down and begin to affect organisational practice, it is at the organisational level that they still need to be worked through.

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