PHILIPPE DE VITRY, BISHOP OF MEAUX

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 215-268
Author(s):  
Andrew Wathey
Keyword(s):  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
National Government ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Political Society ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
Geopolitical Context

AbstractPhilippe de Vitry’s tenure of the bishopric of Meaux in the last decade of his life, 1351–61, the crowning event of his court and church career, has often been regarded as a period of retirement from creative activity. A reassessment of this judgement is timely, following new musical discoveries and literary work exposing links between Vitry and his contemporaries. Using new archival material, this article explores the geopolitical context of Vitry’s work in the diocese of Meaux; his engagement with political society, king and court; and his role in events under a national government fractured by the capture of Jean II at Poitiers in 1356. It examines the interplay of Vitry’s career, relationships and output, identifying the composer’s house in Paris, and exploring his family relationships, and his engagement with Pierre Bersuire, among others, in the creative circles of mid-fourteenth-century Paris. It also illuminates a context and opportunities for the continuation of his creative work into the late 1350s, some remnants of which survive in the literary miscellany Paris, BN Lat. 3343.

«The Forties, Fateful…» in David Samoylov’s Poetry: a Lingvo-stylistic Analysis of Three Poems about War (To the 100th Anniversary of the Birth)

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
E. A. Frolova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
Stylistic Analysis ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
War Poetry ◽  
Artistic Manner ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Linguistic Means

The article presents an analysis of three poems about war («The Tale of Our Lady and Russian Soldiers» («Slovo o Bogoroditse i Russkih Soldatah»), «The Attack» («Ataka»), «The Forties» («Sorokovye»)) written by D. Samoylov in different periods of his creative activity. On the basis of the existing research of the creative work of the famous poet of the 20th century, a multilevel characteristic of his war lyrics is given. The aim of the article is to characterize the specific features of the poetic language of such an original author by means of a lingvo-stylistic analysis of D. Samoilov’s poems, to reveal the richness and diversity of his artistic manner. The following research methods were used: analytical reading, comparative analysis, ontological method, a multilevel analysis of poetry. The author accentuates reminiscences in D. Samoilov’s war poetry, the contrast and contrast means, repetition as an artistic device, paronomasia in the stylistic mixture of linguistic means belonging to different levels. A multidimensional poet’s approach to the theme of the war is the conclusion of the article.

The Virtues of Economy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Political Society ◽  
Future Role ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Distinct Role

The humanist perception of fourteenth-century Rome as a slumbering ruin awaiting the Renaissance and the return of papal power has cast a long shadow on the historiography of the city. Challenging the view, this book argues that Roman political culture underwent dramatic changes in the late Middle Ages, with profound and lasting implications for the city's subsequent development. The book examines the transformation of Rome's governing elites as a result of changes in the city's economic, political, and spiritual landscape. It explores this shift through the history of Roman political society, its identity as an urban commune, and its once-and-future role as the spiritual capital of Latin Christendom. Tracing the contours of everyday Roman politics, the book reframes the reestablishment of papal sovereignty in Rome as the product of synergy between papal ambitions and local political culture. More broadly, it emphasizes Rome's distinct role in evolution of medieval Italy's city-communes.

Getting a Head in the Renaissance: Mementos of Lost Love in Boccaccio and Beyond*

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1165-1190
Author(s):  
Guido Ruggiero
Keyword(s):  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
Sense Of Identity

AbstractThis essay offers a historian’s reading of Boccaccio’s tale of Lisabetta da Messina (4:5), rethinking it in terms of fourteenth-century ways of understandingvirtùand identity. In analyzing the tale in the context of theDecameron,while reading it against archival material from the period, the deeper context of its discussion of love suggests a reading that makes the tale central to the tragic stories of the fourth day and highlights a lesson about the dangers of passion that make it fit powerfully as the day’s central tale. In the end, love offers many things in theDecameron,but Boccaccio’sbrigataof storytellers and his readers could appreciate a danger more difficult to see today — that the powerful passions associated with lost love and mourning without the support of the groups that surrounded and sustained one’s sense of identity also threatened in the most profound way the negation of self: death.

Cultural Differences in Creative Professional Domains

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vlad Petre Glăveanu ◽  
Todd Lubart
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic System ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Contextual Influences ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
Creative Processes ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Norms And Values

This chapter offers a new conceptualization of culture, focusing on domains of professional activity. Culture is understood as a dynamic system integrating material, symbolic, and social elements and describing the context of human action. From this perspective, culture exists not only between nations but also within nations, at the level of different groups and communities. Professional groups are cultural units, which bring together people who share a number of norms and values, work within a given set of material constraints, and co-construct a common identity. Artists, scientists, and designers represent distinctive professional groups associated with recognized forms of creative activity. Research is presented concerning (a) the factors involved in creative expression in art, science, and design, and (b) the creative processes specific for different stages of creative work within each of these domains. The findings are interpreted in terms of cultural and contextual influences.

The anthropology of creativity in the context of S.N. Bulgakov’s sophiology

2019 ◽  
pp. 140-153
Author(s):  
O.V. Shchekaleva
Keyword(s):  
Creative Process ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
Ontological Status ◽  
Artistic Creativity ◽  
Artistic Creation ◽  
True Meaning ◽  
The Impact

This paper deals with Bulgakov’s doctrine on the human being and creative work. The reason why it is possible to interpret and understand Bulgakov’s conception of creativity in the light of anthropology is justified in the paper. It is indicated that many researchers of Bulgakov's philosophy did not make an explicit connection between anthropology and creativity and did not raise the question why man is capable of creativity. Anthropology and the concept of creativity are reconstructed using Bulgakov's texts. The role of Sofia in the creative process and her role in human life as a whole are determined. The change of the ontological status of man as a result of the original sin is analyzed. The specificity of Bulgakov's understanding of the creative act and its influence on man is revealed. The impact of creativity on a person is analyzed in the paper. It is proposed to consider artistic creation separately from self-creation, as it is fundamentally different from artistic creativity. It is emphasized that according to Bulgakov, self-creation can lead a person to salvation and even to Holiness. It is argued that self-creation as the implementation of one's own idea-norm is the true meaning of human life. Attention is drawn to the tragedy of creativity, which every person-creator experiences. In conclusion, it is pointed out that in the future the concept of Bulgakov's creativity can be ap-plied to the evaluation of works of art. The article concludes that, according to Bulgakov's philosophy, the main characteristics of a person that make him capable of creativity are his freedom, genius and talent. This way the importance of creative activity, both for an individual and for the whole world, is proved and the eschatological role of creativity is indicated.

Letters and Journals

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Clemit
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Journal Writing ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Romantic Period ◽  
Exchange Of Information ◽  
Reciprocal Exchange

Romanticism was not just about the high points of insight and emotion: people lived ordinary lives, nourished by bonds of reciprocity. If people were separated by distance, reciprocity was sustained by letters. Letters were not only a vehicle for exchange of information and opinions: they played an important role in upholding and reaffirming a set of relations. They brought people together, strengthened family relationships, and helped to build social networks. The generic boundaries between letters and journals were fluid: the impetus for journal writing was often reciprocal exchange or collaboration. Letters and journals were compositions, in which writers constructed narratives of their lives. They were not the background to creative work, but creative work in themselves. Many different interests contributed to the preservation of Romantic-period letters and journals. The story of the survival of these personal documents is also a story of the transmission of value.

Nationalist China's “Great Game”: Leveraging Foreign Explorers in Xinjiang, 1927–1935

2014 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin M. Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
New Approach ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
Cultural Sovereignty ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Sven Hedin ◽  
Great Game ◽  
Geopolitical Context ◽  
Cultural Interactions

The expeditions of foreign explorers and archaeologists along China's borderlands during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries have long been a lightning rod for debates over cultural sovereignty, imperialism, and nationalism. This study attempts to move beyond such cultural and moral glosses by placing the expeditions of Aurel Stein and Sven Hedin to the northwestern province of Xinjiang back into the domestic geopolitical context of the Nanjing Decade (1927–37). Newly available archival material demonstrates how the discourse of cultural sovereignty, far from sabotaging such expeditions, instead became the handmaiden of domestic geopolitical competitors who attempted to turn Stein and Hedin into exploitable resources for their own agendas. The logistical pragmatism revealed in these sources relegates principled nationalist intellectuals and their imperialist targets to the background, and shows how a new approach to a familiar topic can help paint a fuller portrait of some of the most contested episodes of transnational cultural interactions throughout Eurasia.

scholarly journals Model of a Creative Man in Modern Economy: Experience of Creation

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-20
Author(s):  
O. I. Lozina ◽  
V. N. Rogozhnikova ◽  
L. A. Tutov
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Opportunistic Behavior ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
Modern Economy ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
The World ◽  
Economic Reality ◽  
Special Protection

This article is an experience of creating a model of a creative man in the economy. Economics is a creative activity, because the essence of Economics is the constant creation of new things: new technologies, products, services, institutions, and the economic reality itself. Creativity is also one of the most important characteristics of the age of uncertainty – creative work is opposed to mechanical work that robots can perform, and needs special protection in the world of algorithms and opportunistic behavior; creativity is impossible without freedom, which depends on a variety of individual and institutional factors; creativity is expressed in the creation of new technologies that radically change the world and people. Thus, creativity is a factor of unpredictability, novelty in human behavior, so for a modern economy focused on the analysis of this behavior, the problem of creativity is particularly acute.The purpose of the work is to create a model of a creative person in the economy. The paper uses comparative analysis, systematic and interdisciplinary approaches, and a historical approach.

Authorial Work

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kellie Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Medieval Literature ◽  
Canterbury Tales ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Labor Laws ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
The Social ◽  
Late Medieval Literature

Michel Foucault declared that authors became subject to punishment and discourse became transgressive. In the late fourteenth century, both “discourse” and the very act of writing itself were perceived as transgressive, a notion that resulted in a new kind of authorial self-representation in England. By the late fourteenth century, writing had assumed an ambiguous role: while it was the means by which social norms regarding labor were communicated and enforced, it could also be the object of such enforcement. This article explores how late medieval literature came to have authors by looking at literary production in the context of contemporary discourses about daily work. It considers how post-plague labor laws forced authors to situate their work not just between the venerable poles of imitatio and inventio but also between the social polarities of idleness and industry, and how post-plague writers meditated on the value of literary work in the marketplace of work more generally. Using Geoffrey Chaucer’s Prologue to the Canterbury Tales as a lens, it discusses the strategies employed by late medieval writers in positioning their work in a literary landscape characterized by explicit understandings of the material value of labor.

Performing activities of Larisa Rudenko (based on archival materials)

2018 ◽  
pp. 93-96
Author(s):  
A. Shylo
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Music Criticism ◽  
Women's Images ◽  
Central State ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
Vocal Art ◽  
State Archives

The article covers the performance of the famous Ukrainian opera singer Larysa Arkhipivna Rudenko based on archival materials of her Personal Fund [F. 120], which are stored in the Central State Archive-Museum of Literature and Art of Ukraine. The archival material is represented by periodicals of the late 30s and early 80s of the 20th century, in particular, articles about the artist’s creative activity and reviews of musical critics at her concerts. The above archival materials are first introduced into scientific circulation. The article reveals the peculiarities of L. Rudenko’s performance and her role in the development of Ukrainian vocal art in the second half of the 20th century. Unknown pages of the biography and performances of the outstanding opera singer L. A. Rudenko, student of the founder of the Ukrainian vocal school Olena Oleksandrivna Muravieva are considered. The main methods of the work of the outstanding vocal teacher O. Muravieva are described in the words of her famous pupils L. Rudenko and L. Yefremova. The first creative searches by L. Rudenko began during her studies at the Kyiv Tchaikovsky Conservatory. The figure of L. Rudenko is associated with the state archives of Ukraine, in particular: at the National Music Academy of Ukraine named after P. I. Tchaikovsky and presented by documents testifying to the high professionalism of L. Rudenko as a vocal teacher and personal fund of Larisa Rudenko of the Central State Archives-Museum of Literature and Art of Ukraine. The author analyses individual achievements of the performer on the example of her work on operatic parties. The attention is paid to the peculiarities of L. Rudenko’s work on women’s images: the full sound of the singer’s voice is harmoniously combined with a detailed elaborated scene drawing of a role. The performance of L. Rudenko is presented in the coverage of professional music criticism and periodicals. The significant influence of L. Rudenko’s performance on the development of Ukrainian operatic art of the second half of the 20th century has been proven.

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