Word-stress free variation in Nigerian English

English Today ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Aderonke Akinola ◽  
Rotimi Oladipupo
Keyword(s):  
Word Stress ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Spread ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
Free Variation

English, in the course of its progressive evolution and global spread, has had contacts with different languages (Hogg & Denison, 2006) which have led to the emergence of native and non-native varieties spoken in different countries of the world. This, in part, has resulted in variable pronunciations of English lexical items, such as anti- pronounced as /ænti/ or /æntaɪ/ at the segmental level and adult as /'ædʌlt/ or /ə'dʌlt/ at the suprasegmental level of stress (Hogg & Denison, 2006). In addition to this, phonological free variation in English has been motivated by phonetic processes, phonological changes and sociolinguistic factors, among others (Shitara, 1993; Mompean, 2010).

The Great Eastern Crisis (1875–1878) as a global humanitarian moment

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Adrian Ruprecht
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Colonial India ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Spread ◽  
Global Movement

Abstract This article explores the global spread of the Red Cross and Red Crescent movement to colonial India. By looking at the Great Eastern Crisis (1875–78) and the intense public ferment the events in the Balkans created in Britain, Switzerland, Russia and India, this article illustrates how humanitarian ideas and practices, as well as institutional arrangements for the care for wounded soldiers, were appropriated and shared amongst the different religious internationals and pan-movements from the late 1870s onwards. The Great Eastern Crisis, this article contends, marks a global humanitarian moment. It transformed the initially mainly European and Christian Red Cross into a truly global movement that included non-sovereign colonial India and the Islamic religious international. Far from just being at the receiving end, non-European peoples were crucial in creating global and transnational humanitarianism, global civil society and the world of non-governmental organizations during the last third of the nineteenth century.

scholarly journals Nominalization in TIV

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-26
Author(s):  
Stephen Shiaondo Ajim ◽  
Iorember Margaret N
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Structural Theory ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Intuitive Knowledge ◽  
The World ◽  
Word Classes ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
Linguistic Process

Nominalization is a linguistic process of deriving nouns from other word classes or linguistic units. Nominalization is evident in many languages of the world. The Tiv language also exhibits nominalization. This paper critically analyses nominalization in Tiv. The objectives of the paper are: to determine the processes through which nominalization takes place in the Tiv language, the extent to which the processes of nominalization are productive in the Tiv language, and the classes of words and linguistic units that are nominalized in Tiv. Data were sourced from the native speakers of Tiv using the researcher – participant technique. The researchers documented the lexical items used during the interaction, determine the basic components of the lexical items and the word classes such lexical items belonged to. The intuitive knowledge of the researchers as the native speakers of the language was harnessed. The secondary data were sourced from the already existing literatures such as textbooks, journals and the internet. The theory adopted in the paper is Hokett’s (1954) structural theory whose models are the Item-and-Process (I.P) and Item-and-Arrangement (I.P). It has been found out that the processes through which nominalization takes in the Tiv language are prefixation, prefixation plus some modifications, tonality and desententialization (sentence deconstruction). These processes are discovered to be very productive in nominalization in Tiv. It has also been found out that verbs roots and adjectives are the classes of words that are nominalized (lexical nominalization) in the Tiv language together with sentences (syntactic nominalization).

scholarly journals Cutaneous presentation of COVID-19 Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 01-02
Author(s):  
Khadiga Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Scientific Journals ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Spread ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Recent Attention

COVID-19 has high transmissibility and infectivity among human. On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) in an effort to slow down the global spread of the virus declared the outbreak, “A global public health emergency of international concern". The skin manifestations of the novel coronavirus COVID-19 were not recognized at the early stages of the pandemic but have received much recent attention in scientific journals. Reported manifestations range from pseudo-chilblains to a morbilliform (measles-like) exanthem, urticaria, vesicular eruptions, a dengue-like petechial rash and ovate scaling macules, and plaques mimicking pityriasis rosea.

L'hexagone?

2017 ◽  
pp. 234-256
Author(s):  
Sue Train ◽  
Catherine Wilks
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identities ◽  
Student Identity ◽  
French Translation ◽  
Cultural Assumptions ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
The World ◽  
Back Translation ◽  
Language Students ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
High Level

In this chapter the authors seek to investigate how undergraduates in French translation classes can be taught to identify and move beyond their own individual cultural identities to improve intercultural and linguistic competences. Language students must “reflect on the world and themselves through the lens of another language and culture” (MLA, 2007). The authors confirm their observations, that students are unaware of cultural assumptions made when transferring lexical items from one language to another, through a series of studies. These documented studies inform strategies they develop to help students attain the high level of intercultural and linguistic competences expected. The authors discuss how the diversity of student identity has an impact on cultural approaches to translation. The authors draw on Iceberg theory (Hall, 1976) and Byram, Kramsch and Olk's work. They review methodologies including the translation of specific lexical items and also back translation. They analyse the resulting data and conclude with further points for reflection and potential methodologies.

Linguistic failures

English Today ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niu Qiang ◽  
Martin Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Contract Law ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
International Language ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Spread ◽  
The Status ◽  
China Today ◽  
World Maritime ◽  
Over Time

Heart-felt opposition to the status and spread of English in the world at large and most particularly in China today. It can hardly be denied that England has given the world maritime law, contract law, and an international language. However, whether by accident or design, the effect of these ‘gifts’ over time has, we would argue, been the destruction of many ethnic customs, social structures, and other aspects of culture. There appears to be little or no dissent among linguists regarding the proposition that language and culture are inseparable: what affects one affects the other.This paper discusses how the global spread of English has affected – deleteriously – many languages and cultures, and currently engages too much time and too many resources in China today. Maritime and contract law may have been less problematic.

G2-S16 dendrimer as a candidate for a microbicide to prevent HIV-1 infection in women

Nanoscale ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (27) ◽  
pp. 9732-9742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Ceña-Diez ◽  
Pilar García-Broncano ◽  
Francisco Javier de la Mata ◽  
Rafael Gómez ◽  
Salvador Resino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Heterosexual Intercourse ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Spread ◽  
Hiv 1

Unprotected heterosexual intercourse is the first route for sustaining the global spread of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), being responsible for 80% of new HIV-1 infections in the world.

scholarly journals Reflexive Pronoun Deviations in Contemporary English Social Media

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-2 (17)) ◽  
pp. 69-82
Author(s):  
Gevorg Grigoryan
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Future Change ◽  
Unique Role ◽  
Current State ◽  
Reflexive Pronoun ◽  
Reflexive Pronouns ◽  
The World ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
Grammatical Structures

The paper discusses reflexive pronoun deviations in modern English in the domain of social media. The mentioned deviations are the result of intensive contact of English with other languages. The advent of digital technologies make a platform for millions of speakers all over the world to communicate in any language they want. The latter has eventually triggered the convergence of many grammatical structures and lexical items of different languages. As a result, new deviations and misspellings emerge in different platforms of social media. Among these alterations, the actively used reflexive pronoun misspellings and variations have a unique role. These pronominal variations help us to evaluate the current state of reflexive pronouns and lead us to foresee the possible future change of English.

scholarly journals The Information Infrastructure of Search Engines: A Content Analysis of Covid-19 Immunization Information Online

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renée Belliveau
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Search Engines ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Online Search ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Spread ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

After the World Health Organization declared the spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) a global pandemic in March 2020, they cautioned of another outbreak: an “infodemic.” This study examines how online search engines are influencing the global spread of immunization information about COVID-19. It aims to address the various ways in which search technology is shaping users’ perceptions of the pandemic and to measure the credibility of the sources they provide.

scholarly journals Life in Anticipation of the COVID-19 Pandemic ‘Peak’: Reflecting on ‘Strategies’ for and Variations in attempts at ‘Flattening the Curve’ and Managing the Crisis

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150016
Author(s):  
Reidar Staupe-Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Initial Phase ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
World Health ◽  
Concerted Effort ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Spread ◽  
Precautionary Measures ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Emergency Measures

On March 11th, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the emerging COVID-19 threat a pandemic following the global spread of the virus. As countries around the world implemented emergency measures in a concerted effort to handle the emerging pandemic, the nature and implications of the different kinds of precautionary measures adopted have remained contested. The majority of countries opted for efforts to slow the rate of infection, whilst critics have argued for stricter and milder measures, respectively. The living experience of the pandemic is inherently temporal as it is shaped by sentiments of living in anticipation of the envisioned pandemic peak(s) and aftermath, as vividly illustrated with references to the need for ‘flattening the curve’ so as to reduce the impact of the looming or creeping crisis. This paper sets out to critically discuss the notion of pandemic ‘strategies’, recognizing also that governments altered their strategic stances throughout the initial phase of the pandemic. It is likely that the aftermath of the crisis will trigger discussions of what kind of response should be considered as best practice. Thus, greater attention to the notion of ‘strategies’ in light of the COVID-19 pandemic is in order.

scholarly journals The Generalized-Growth Modeling of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Wu ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Wenjing Cao ◽  
Xiaofei Liu ◽  
Xin Feng
Keyword(s):  
Growth Model ◽  
Growth Modeling ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Spread ◽  
General Dynamics

The global spread of the COVID-19 pandemic is changing everything in 2020. It is of crucial importance to characterize the growth patterns during the transmission. In this paper, a generalized-growth model is established to present the evolution of the number of the total confirmed cases changing with time. Due to effective containment, the generalized growth model reveals a piecewise pattern, referred to as the sub-exponential and the sub-linear stages. Moreover, the parameters can quantify the effectiveness of the containment and the trend of resurgence in different regions all over the world. Our model provides a phenomenological approach, which is simple and transparent for better understanding of the typical patterns within the general dynamics. Our model may have implications for possible nowcasting and forecasting of the pandemic trend.

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