The Behaviour of Bulls at Artificial Insemination Centres

1950 ◽  
Vol 1951 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Smith
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Animal Behaviour ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Close Observation ◽  
Genetical Material

The very wide field of animal behaviour has no more fascinating application than in the bull stud of any artificial insemination centre where the male is subjected to close observation over a long period of time. After a year or two's experience one becomes aware of the qualifications expected of a bull if he is to become a successful A.I. sire. His general temperament must be good, he must be placid and easy to handle, be free from all vices, and be able to produce high quality semen as and when required, and at the same time he must possess superior genetical material so that there is hope of improved production from his progeny.

Durability and Permanence in the Quality – Contemporary Parameters, Defining the Papers and Cardboards for Printing Art

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Denitsa Ivanova-Alexandrova ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Graphic Art ◽  
Long Period ◽  
External Influences ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Composition Properties ◽  
The Impact

The long lifecycle, also known as durability and the permanence / invariability in the quality of papers and cardbords for graphic art, are today the basic requirements, imposed by printed art in terms of high quality parameters. These two factors are a manifestation, depending on different internal chemical-composition properties of the paper consistency and external influences of the ambience. Longevity and permanence are perceived as a function of aging and are actually observed at a later point in time. It is important to clarify that they are terms with different contents where „durability” is perceived as the ability of the paper or cardboard to resist the impact of wear during use, and the „permanence” is the possibility of product to remain chemically and physically stable for a long period of time.

12 QUANTIFICATION OF REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES IN BOVINE SEMEN WITH DIFFERENT SEMINAL QUALITY AND WITH EXTENDER CONTAINING ANTIOXIDANT EVALUATED BY ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
J. C. Borges ◽  
M. R. Silva ◽  
A. C. Tedesco ◽  
D. S. Costa ◽  
C. R. Esper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Bovine Semen ◽  
Major Defect

The aim this study was to evaluate the effects on artificial insemination (AI) of minimizing oxidative stress by adding an antioxidant into the sperm microenvironment. For that purpose, semen of bulls with different seminal quality was evaluated in nature and after addition of extender with and without antioxidant, followed by freezing and thawing, with respect to thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) concentration, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and AI success. TBARS is an indicator of lipid peroxidation and TAC measures free radicals. Twelve ejaculates from 5 bulls were treated with Tris egg yolk extender (CE) and in half of each ejaculate the extender was supplemented with 200 μL of Trolox (AE). Three of these 5 bulls had high-quality semen (mean 11.9 ± 5.9 total defect, 7.7 ± 3.1 major defect, and 4.2 ± 3.9 minor defect) and 2 animals had poor-quality sperm (mean 31.9 ± 9.7 total defect, 26.3 ± 8.5 major defect, and 5.6 ± 5.0 minor defect) (P < 0.05). For AI, 300 Nelore heifers were divided in 10 groups and the females in each group were inseminated with semen of the same bull and extender treatment. To evaluate oxidative damage, TBARS concentration was measured to indirectly determine malondialdehyde (lipid-peroxidation metabolite) concentration, whereas TAC was measured using myoglobin, as a source of radicals, which interact with a chromogen 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS), whose cation radical is spectroscopically detectable. The latency phase (lag) in the accumulation of ABTS cation is proportional to the antioxidant concentration. The pregnancy rates 60 days after AI were analyzed by chi-square test, and data of free radical production were evaluated by ANOVA, followed by the Tukey test with significance level of 5%. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in nature semen (0.351 nmol of TBARS in 50 × 108 spermatozoa) was lower (P < 0.05) when compared to diluted semen (0.367 nmol of TBARS in 50 × 108 spermatozoa). No difference (P > 0.05) between extenders was observed after thawing. The bulls with poor-quality semen presented total ROS production (0.967) superior (P < 0.05) to that of bulls with good-quality semen (0.753). Although the use of antioxidant in the extender did not decrease ROS and TAC production (P > 0.05), pregnancy rates after AI in bulls with poor quality semen with AE (60.0%) was superior (P < 0.06) to that in bulls with high-quality sperm with AE (56.6%). In conclusion, bulls with poor-quality semen present higher ROS and TAC production, and the use of antioxidant in the extender for cryopreservation with poor-quality bovine semen, in spite of not decreasing ROS and TAC production, improves pregnancy rates. Financial support: FAPESP.

scholarly journals COROT – A Unique Database for Low Amplitude Variability Between 1 Minute and 150 Days

2000 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 69-70
Author(s):  
E. Michel ◽  
A. Baglin ◽  
P. Barge ◽  
C. Catala ◽  
M. Auvergne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Data ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
Amplitude Variability ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Program ◽  
Rich Material ◽  
Stellar Seismology ◽  
Low Amplitude

AbstractCOROT is a high precision wide field photometry experiment from space, funded in the framework of the CNES “Petites Missions” program (the PI is A. Baglin). It will observe approximately 30000 objects with mV between 4.5 and 15.5 over long observational periods (up to 150 d), with a time sampling between 1 s and 16 min, a precision of the order of 10−4 per measurement. The scientific objectives are stellar seismology and the search for telluric planets. The instrument and the core program have already been presented in several places. We here focus on a description of the characteristics of the data to be obtained with COROT. The large amount of high quality data collected by COROT will constitute rich material for several research programs beyond the core program as already defined (http://www.astrsp-mrs.fr/www/corot.html). A call for proposal of additional programs will be made during Northern Spring 2000.

scholarly journals Towards microfluidic sperm refinement: impedance-based analysis and sorting of sperm cells

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1514-1522 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. de Wagenaar ◽  
S. Dekker ◽  
H. L. de Boer ◽  
J. G. Bomer ◽  
W. Olthuis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Sperm Cells ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Livestock Industry

The use of high quality semen for artificial insemination in the livestock industry is essential for successful outcome.

scholarly journals Real-time 3D Photoacoustic Visualization System with a Wide Field of View for Imaging Human Limbs

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichi Nagae ◽  
Yasufumi Asao ◽  
Yoshiaki Sudo ◽  
Naoyuki Murayama ◽  
Yuusuke Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Motion Pictures ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Still Images ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Subject ◽  
System Prototype

Background: A breast-specific photoacoustic imaging (PAI) system prototype equipped with a hemispherical detector array (HDA) has been reported as a promising system configuration for providing high morphological reproducibility for vascular structures in living bodies. Methods: To image the vasculature of human limbs, a newly designed PAI system prototype (PAI-05) with an HDA with a higher density sensor arrangement was developed. The basic device configuration mimicked that of a previously reported breast-specific PAI system. A new imaging table and a holding tray for imaging a subject's limb were adopted. Results: The device’s performance was verified using a phantom. Contrast of 8.5 was obtained at a depth of 2 cm, and the viewing angle reached up to 70 degrees, showing sufficient performance for limb imaging. An arbitrary wavelength was set, and a reasonable PA signal intensity dependent on the wavelength was obtained. To prove the concept of imaging human limbs, various parts of the subject were scanned. High-quality still images of a living human with a wider size than that previously reported were obtained by scanning within the horizontal plane and averaging the images. The maximum field of view (FOV) was 270 mm × 180 mm. Even in movie mode, one-shot 3D volumetric data were obtained in an FOV range of 20 mm in diameter, which is larger than values in previous reports. By continuously acquiring these images, we were able to produce motion pictures. Conclusion: We developed a PAI prototype system equipped with an HDA suitable for imaging limbs. As a result, the subject could be scanned over a wide range while in a more comfortable position, and high-quality still images and motion pictures could be obtained.

scholarly journals How Universities Use Alumni Resources to Help Students’ Growth: China Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. p33
Author(s):  
Xiaohua Ning
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Cooperative Education ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Educational Resource ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Education Resources ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Whole Process

As an important force of social cooperative education in colleges and universities, alumni are not only the embodiment of high school achievements, but also an important educational resource in colleges and universities. By grasping the advantages of alumni as educational resources, alumni education should be carried out throughout the whole process of alumni work, and the concept of “all staff, all process, all aspects, all society and all heart” service for students and prospective alumni should be established. A high-quality alumni education team should be established, rich alumni education programs should be developed, key alumni education fields should be focused, intensive alumni education resources should be expanded, and a win-win cooperation mode between universities and alumni should be established. Taking the initiative to transform the advantages of alumni resources accumulated over a long period of time into the advantages of continuously improving the quality of personnel training, providing a solid social foundation for the school’s education work.

LOTUS: wide-field monitoring nanosatellite for finding long-period transiting planets

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajime Kawahara ◽  
Kento Masuda ◽  
Takayuki Kotani ◽  
Shotaro Tada ◽  
Koichi Kataza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Monitoring ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Transiting Planets ◽  
Long Period

Rapid, wide-field, high quality laser speckle angiography for retinal and choroidal vessels

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 055601
Author(s):  
Ximeng Feng ◽  
Da Zou ◽  
Yicheng Hu ◽  
Zhiyu Huang ◽  
Zheng Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Speckle ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Choroidal Vessels

scholarly journals Searching for Wide Binary Brown Dwarfs around Nearby Stars

2003 ◽  
Vol 211 ◽  
pp. 287-288
Author(s):  
Loïc Albert ◽  
René Doyon ◽  
Daniel Nadeau
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Brown Dwarf ◽  
Wide Binary ◽  
Limited Sample ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Nearby Stars

We have started a program to search for Brown Dwarf (BD) companions to nearby stars (5 ≤ d ≤ 10 pc) on long period orbits (up to 2000 AU) using wide field optical/infrared imaging. Our goals in surveying a volume-limited sample of stars are: 1) to determine the binary fraction of widely separated BDs and help constrain the BD formation processes, 2) to search for very cold BDs, 3) to provide a better determination of the age and luminosity of a BD sample. Observations are currently conducted at three observatories, CFHT (3.6m), CTIO (4m) and Observatoire du mont Mégantic (1.6m) and should yield a sample of ~100 star systems to a detection limit of J ≈ 20.

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