Increasing Land Scarcity Poses Threat of Food Shortage

Abstract: Based on Law Number 2 of 2012 concerning Land Acquisition for Development in the Public Interest, the Openness Principle is one of the ten principles as the basis of the implementation of development. This principle is significant because its complex role can lead to conflicts and disputes. In this paper, discussions are divided into two parts: 1) how the implementation is expected to be applied according to the acquisition procedure in theory; and 2) the reality that occurs in the field. The first discussion was conducted by reviewing the applicable regulations and the methods or concepts of development of the openness principle. Meanwhile, the second discussion about the reality on the field was conducted by elaborating case studies regarding problems in land acquisition. The results of this study indicate that there are gaps in the implementation of the openness principle between theory and reality in regards of land scarcity, economic inequality, and information asymmetry among the involved parties. In conclusion, the implementation of the openness principle is significant with the role of information in land acquisition.Intisari: Berdasarkan Undang Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2012 tentang Pengadaan Tanah Bagi Pembangunan Untuk Kepentingan Umum, Asas Keterbukaan adalah salah satu dari sepuluh asas yang menjadi dasar pelaksanaannya. Asas ini menjadi signifikan karena perannya yang kompleks dapat menimbulkan konflik dan sengketa. Artikel ini akan membagi pembahasan menjadi dua bagian: pertama, bagaimana implementasi yang seharusnya diterapkan pada prosedur pengadaan secara harapan, dan kedua, membahas mengenai realita yang terjadi di lapangan. Secara harapan pembahasan dilakukan dengan melakukan library research atau studi terhadap peraturan yang berlaku dan metode-metode atau prinsip perkembangan dari asas keterbukaan. Realitas di lapangan akan dielaborasi dari studi kasus mengenai permasalahan dalam pengadaan tanah. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan ada gap dalam implementasi asas keterbukaan antara harapan dan realitas di lapangan yang bersumber dari kelangkaan sumber daya/tanah, ketimpangan ekonomi dan asimetri informasi di antara para pihak yang terlibat. Tulisan ini menyimpulkan bahwa implementasi asas keterbukaan signifikan dengan peran informasi dalam pengadaan tanah.

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Life-course pathways from childhood socioeconomic status to type 2 diabetes in mid-late Chinese adulthood

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-91768-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xiaoning Zhang ◽

Xue Jiang ◽

Mengqi Sha ◽

Qiong Zhou ◽

Wen Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Standard Deviation ◽

Life Course ◽

Food Shortage ◽

Late Adulthood ◽

Childhood Health ◽

Childhood Socioeconomic Status

AbstractThe relationship between childhood socioeconomic status (SES) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains inconclusive, and the pathways and mechanisms driving this relationship have yet to be clarified. This study aimed to examine the pathways linking childhood SES to T2D prevalence in mid-late adulthood in a low- and middle-income country. The incidence of T2D diagnosed in mid-late Chinese adulthood was assessed using self-reports from the Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Childhood SES was assessed by the education, occupation, survivorship of the parents and the financial situation of the family, whereas adulthood SES was assessed by education and wage. This study performed structural equation modeling to clarify the direct and indirect pathways from childhood SES to T2D via childhood health, childhood food shortage, adulthood SES and physical activity. A total of 15,132 participants were included, and the prevalence of T2D was 5.24%. This study found that childhood SES was directly associated with T2D in mid-late adulthood, the probability of developing T2D increased by 9.20% of the standard deviation for each decrease in standard deviation in childhood SES. Childhood SES was indirectly associated with T2D via adulthood SES, physical activity, childhood health and food shortage. Adulthood SES and physical activity mainly mediated the indirect pathway from childhood SES and T2D. This study showed direct and indirect pathways from disadvantaged childhood SES to increased risk of T2D in mid-late Chinese adulthood. Childhood SES, adulthood SES, physical activity, childhood health and food shortage were identified as life-course interventional targets that should be considered in the development of effective strategies to reduce the burden of T2D and SES-related health inequities in childhood.

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Association between Health Practice and Food Stockpiling for Disaster

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13051414 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1414

Author(s):

Moeka Harada ◽

Rie Kobayashi ◽

Jun Oka ◽

Nobuyo Tsuboyama-Kasaoka

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Online Survey ◽

Positive Association ◽

Good Health ◽

Food Shortage ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Health Practices ◽

Health Practice ◽

Significant Positive Association ◽

Good Score

In this study investigated the association between health practices and food stockpiling for disasters in predicted areas with a high risk of food shortage due to the Nankai Trough earthquake. A survey was conducted during 18–20 December 2019 using a self-administered web-based questionnaire. In total, 1200 individuals registered with an online survey company participated in the study. The association between health practices and food stockpiling status was analyzed (n = 998). 59.1% of participants had a poor Breslow’s seven health practice scores (BHPS), 32.9% had a moderate score, and 8.0% had a good score. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that higher BHPS had a significantly higher prevalence of food stockpiling. Additionally, the interrupted group had the highest percentage of participants with low BHPS. Lower BHPS was significantly associated with interrupted stockpiled in the adjusted models. Among the seven health practices, the odds ratio of the “eating breakfast” practice was high. There was a significant positive association between higher health practice scores and food stockpiling for disasters in areas with a high risk of food shortage due to the predicted earthquake. Particularly, it was clarified that individuals who had fewer good health practices were associated with ending up interrupting food stockpiling.

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FOOD SHORTAGE AND CHILD HEALTH

The Medical Journal of Australia ◽

10.5694/j.1326-5377.1942.tb75854.x ◽

1942 ◽

Vol 2 (8) ◽

pp. 149-150

Keyword(s):

Child Health ◽

Food Shortage ◽

And Child Health

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Effects of Superparasitism on Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent97326-3 ◽

1965 ◽

Vol 97 (3) ◽

pp. 326-331 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

H. G. Wylie

Keyword(s):

Musca Domestica ◽

House Fly ◽

Food Shortage ◽

Nasonia Vitripennis ◽

Rate Of Development

AbstractSuperparasitism created a food shortage and thereby reduced survival and size of adult Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) reared on pupae of the house fly, Musca domestica L. Superparasitism also reduced the percentage of females in the adult progeny but had no effect on rate of development, ability to emerge, or incidence of diapause in N. vitripennis.

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