Effects of Zn deficiency on thymus of growing rats

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 864-865
Author(s):  
S. Yamashiro ◽  
T. Bast ◽  
T.M. Bray ◽  
W.J. Bettger
Keyword(s):  
Marked Reduction ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Growing Rats ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Lymphocyte Number

Zinc (Zn) deficiency is thought to cause depressed immune function in both the cell mediated and humoral aspects of the system. Alteration of lymphocyte maturation and migration has been observed in Zn-deficiency and marked reduction of the lymphocyte number was noted in the thymus of the pups fed Zn-deficient diet. Other alterations include parakeratosis of the squamous epithelia of digestive system and skin.Three groups of seven, weanling, male Wistar rats each were fed diets containing either 1.1 ppm Zn (deficient) or supplemented with 100 ppm Zn ad libitum (control) or the Zn supplemented diet limited to the amount consumed by those on the deficient diet (pair-fed) for 3 weeks. Details of the diet compositions have been reported previously (7). The animals were weighed at the onset and end of the experiment. The organ was weighed after it was fixed in Karnovsky's fixative and small pieces of the tissue were post-fixed in 2.0%, OsO4 for electron microscopy.

scholarly journals Zinc deficient diet consequences for pregnancy andoffsprings of Wistar rats

1995 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 681-686
Author(s):  
Dirceu Solé ◽  
Brigitte Rieckmann ◽  
Raquel Mattos Costa Lippelt ◽  
Ronaldo Tadeu Tucci Lippelt ◽  
Olga Maria Silverio Amâncio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Lower Weight ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Zinc Deficient Diet

Adult female Wistar rats (90 days old; weight 180 to 220 grams) were submitted to different zinc deficient diets (Zn; severe = 2.6 ppm; mild = 9.0 ppm and normal diet = 81.6 ppm), during 6 weeks. After this time they were coupled with normal male Wistar rats. No differences regarding fecundity and sterility were observed between the groups. During pregnancy, part of the animals from severe and mild Zn deficient groups received the same diet and the others received normal diet. The animals from the group receiving normal diet, were divided into other 3: the first received severe, the second mild Zn deficient diet and the third normal diet. During the study we observed that animals submitted to a Zn deficient diet (acute or chronic) had tendency to lower weight gain, lower weight of the offspring, lower serum levels of Zn in maternal and newborn (pool) blood. A significant reduction in the number of alive newborns was observed in the group of animals submitted to severe Zn deficiency. These data reinforces that Zn is a very important trace element overall during pregnancy.

scholarly journals The effect of dietary zinc depletion and repletion on rats: Zn concentration in various tissues and activity of pancreatic γ-glutamyl hydrolase (EC3.4.22.12) as indices of Zn status

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary C. Canton ◽  
F. M. Cremin
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Adequate Diet ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Zinc Depletion ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Zn Status

Unlike severe zinc deficiency, marginal Zn deficiency is difficult to identify in rats because no reliable indicator of suboptimal Zn status is currently available. We have previously observed reduced pancreatic γ-glutamyl hydrolase (EC3.4.22.12) activity and impaired pteroylpolyglutamate absorption in Zn-deficient rats. In the present study the effect of Zn depletion and repletion on the Zn concentration of various tissues and on the activity of this enzyme was investigated. The objective was to determine the sensitivity of these variables to Zn depletion and to evaluate their usefulness as indices of Zn status. Male Wistar rats (about 180 g), maintained from weanling on a purified Zn-adequate diet, were randomly allocated into twelve groups. A pretreatment control group was killed immediately. The remaining eleven groups were fed on a Zn-deficient diet and a group killed daily for 7 d (Zn-depleted groups). The remaining four groups were re-fed the Zn-adequate diet and a group killed daily (Zn-repleted groups). On analysis, pancreas and spleen Zn levels responded most rapidly to reduced Zn intake, followed by tibia, liver, kidney and plasma. Zn concentration was maintained in testes. Reduced plasma folate levels were also observed. A significant reduction in pancreatic γ-glutamyl hydrolase activity before the depletion of many tissue Zn stores confirms the Zn sensitivity of the enzyme. It was concluded that future investigation into the inter-relationship between Zn and folate metabolism may be useful in identifying a sensitive, biochemical index of Zn status.

scholarly journals The effect of dietary zinc deficiency on pancreatic γ-glutamyl hydrolase (EC3.4.22.12) activity and on the absorption of pteroylpolyglutamate in rats

1989 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary C. Canton ◽  
B. M. Cotter ◽  
F. M. Cremin ◽  
P. A. Morrissey
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Pancreatic Enzyme ◽  
Hydrolase Activity ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Adequate Diet ◽  
Plasma Folate ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

The effect of dietary zinc deficiency on γ-glutamyl hydrolase (EC3.4.22.12) activity and on pteroylpolyglutamate absorption was investigated in rats. Enzyme activity was determined in pancreas and gut lumen washings. Pteroylpolyglutamate absorption was studied by determining the rise in plasma folate levels following pteroylpolyglutamate ingestion. Two experiments were performed; in each purified diets were given to three groups of immature male Wistar rats for approximately 2 weeks. One group was given a Zn-deficient dietad lib.(ZD), the second was pair-fed daily with this group on a Zn-adequate diet (PF) and the third was given the Zn-adequate dietad lib.(AL). In Expt 1, significantly reduced pancreatic γ-glutamyl hydrolase activity was observed in ZD rats. In Expt 2, pteroylpolyglutamate was administered on day 14 and in the 3 h period following pteroylpolyglutamate ingestion, lumen γ-glutamyl hydrolase activity and plasma folate levels were significantly lower in ZD rats. Pancreas is reported as the source of lumen γ-glutamyl hydrolase in rats. The results presented indicate that the pancreatic enzyme is Zn-sensitive. It was concluded that, as a result, γ-glutamyl hydrolase activity was reduced in the lumen of ZD rats. Consequently the hydrolysis and subsequent absorption of pteroylpolyglutamate was impaired in ZD rats, as indicated by the smaller rise in plasma folate levels that occurred following pteroylpolyglutamate ingestion. Results of this study concur with previous observations in human beings and rats that Zn deficiency has an adverse effect on folate metabolism.

scholarly journals Effect of 4-h time restricted feeding on body weight, leptin concentration and lipid profile in healthy non-obese male Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Olamoyegun ◽  
Folasade O. Ajao ◽  
Marcus O. Iyedupe
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Obese Male

Abstract Background: Obesity greatly increases the risk of metabolic diseases and preventive approaches for obesity are often inadequate to effectively prevent and manage the diseases. Altering feeding time strategy intervention decreases caloric intake without calorie counting and may be an effective therapy. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of 4-h time restricted feeding on body weight, leptin concentration and lipid profile in healthy non-obese male Wistar rats. Methods: Rats placed on time-restricted feeding (TRF) regimen had freely access to food for 4 hour per day at designated periods. Twenty four rats divided into four groups (n=6) were used. Group I animals were placed on a 4 hour per day TRF between 8am-12noon. Group II rats were also placed on a 4 hour per day TRF between 12noon-4pm. Group III rats also placed on a 4 hour per day TRF between 8pm-12 midnight while Group IV rats had access food and water ad libitum. This diet strategy resembles taking only breakfast, lunch or dinner once a day. The study lasted for a period of 4 weeks with daily food intake and weekly body weight determined throughout the period. At the end of the experimental period, blood glucose, lipid profile and leptin concentration were assessed. SPSS 21.0 package was used for data analysis, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the mean values of variables among the groups and bonferroni’s posthoc test was used for significance of pair wise comparisons of mean values among the groups. Significance was set at p < 0.05.Results: In this study, the body weights and leptin concentrations of 8pm – 12am and ad libitum groups significantly increased compared with the 8am - 12noon and 12noon -4pm groups. Dyslipidemia was observed in the ad libitum group when compared with the 8am - 12noon and 12noon - 4pm groups. Conclusion: From this study, 4-hr time restricted feeding has beneficial effects on body weight, blood glucose, lipid profile and leptin concentration. This feeding restriction patterns may be helpful in obesity management and in preventing metabolic diseases development in non obese.

Ultrastructure of esophageal epithelium of rats fed Zn-deficient diet

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 336-337
Author(s):  
S. Yamashiro ◽  
T. Bast ◽  
T.M. Bray ◽  
W.J. Bettger
Keyword(s):  
Corn Oil ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Egg White ◽  
Esophageal Mucosa ◽  
Esophageal Epithelium ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Epithelial Lesions

It has been shown that animals fed a Zn-deficient diet developed various epithelial lesions. These include parakeratosis of the tongue, larynx and nasal sinuses in the ducks and hypertrophy of esophageal mucosa in the rats and pigs.Twenty-one weanling, male Wistar rats were equally divided into three groups. Seven rats were fed a diet containing less than 1.1 ppm Zn ad libitum for 3 weeks. Control rats were either pair-fed or fed ad libitum a diet supplemented with 100 ppm Zn. The basal diet was composed of 20% egg white, 10% corn oil, 63.55% glucose hydrate, 1% vitamin premix, 4% mineral premix, 0.25% choline chloride, 0.4% sodium phytate and 0.8% calcium carbonate. Minerals and vitamins additions were according to the AIN-76 recommendations (5).

The Effects of Food Deprivation of Rats On Swimming To Exhaustion

Behaviour ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 351-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward T. Uyeno ◽  
R. Alan Graham
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Deprivation ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dorsal Skin ◽  
The Third ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Fourth Experiment ◽  
Ad Libitum Feeding

AbstractMale Wistar rats were deprived of food for 3 days and then forced to swim continuously to a criterion of exhaustion. Controls swam after ad libitum feeding. In the first experiment a load equal to 11% of the rat's body weight was attached to the dorsal skin near the tail during the swim. In a second study, two matched groups, treated identically as those in the first study swam without a load in water treated with a wetting agent, "Aerosol O.T." In a third experiment, controls as well as experimentals were deprived of food for three days. The control group, however, was fed for 30 minutes, immediately before the swim. A fourth experiment was conducted in a similar manner as the third, except both groups were deprived 6 hours. In each of the experiments the deprived groups swam significantly longer than the fed groups.

scholarly journals A refined high carbohydrate diet is associated with changes in the serotonin pathway and visceral obesity

2015 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAOLA A. SPADARO ◽  
HELEN L. NAUG ◽  
EUGENE F. DU TOIT ◽  
DANIEL DONNER ◽  
NATALIE J. COLSON
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
High Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Appetite Regulation ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Ad Libitum

SummaryConsumption of palatable foods high in refined carbohydrate has been implicated as a contributing factor to the epidemic levels of obesity. Such foods may disrupt appetite regulation in the hypothalamus through alterations in hunger and satiety signalling. This investigation examined whether a palatable high refined carbohydrate (HRC) diet with the potential to induce obesity was linked to modulation of serotonin and dopamine signalling within the hypothalamus of rats. Male Wistar rats were allowed ad libitum access to either a palatable refined carbohydrate enriched (HRC) diet or standard chow (SC). Visceral fat percentage was used as a measure of the animals' weight gain during the trial. Real-time PCR was applied to determine any variation in levels of expression of the serotonin (Slc6A4 or Sert) and dopamine transporter (Slc6A3 or Dat) genes. After 29 weeks, the HRC group showed a significant increase in visceral fat percentage accompanied by increased expression of Sert. Higher levels of circulating triglycerides were also seen. This investigation determined that a refined high carbohydrate diet is associated with visceral obesity, increased circulating lipids in the blood and distorted serotonergic signalling, which possibly alters satiety and hunger signals.

Qualitative regional differences in adipose tissue growth and cellularity in male Wistar rats fed ad libitum

1998 ◽  
Vol 274 (5) ◽  
pp. R1460-R1467 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. DiGirolamo ◽  
J. B. Fine ◽  
K. Tagra ◽  
R. Rossmanith
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Fat Cell ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Ad Libitum

Adipose tissue grows primarily by a combination of increases in fat cell volume (hypertrophy) and in fat cell number (hyperplasia), but the regional growth pattern of white adipose tissue depots in animal species and in the human is still unclear. In this study we characterized fully the age-related changes in adipose tissue growth, composition, and cellularity of four fat depots of male Wistar rats that varied in age from 7 wk to 15 mo and in body weight from 178 to 808 g. Body weight and the weight of each of the four adipose depots studied (epididymal, mesenteric, subcutaneous inguinal, and retroperitoneal) increased progressively with age and ad libitum feeding. Comparison of the cellularity of the four adipose depots, however, showed remarkable and significant differences in the pattern of growth within the same animals. The cumulative growth of the two intra-abdominal fat depots (mesenteric and epididymal) was due mostly to hypertrophy (increases in cell volume of 83 and 64%, respectively), whereas the growth of the other two depots (retroperitoneal and inguinal) was due predominantly to hyperplasia (increases in cell number of 58 and 65%, respectively). These findings uncover major and unexpected regional differences in the modulation of adipose tissue growth within aging animals fed ad libitum and suggest local, region-specific regulatory controls of this growth.

scholarly journals Prolonged use of the food dye tartrazine (FD&C yellow n° 5) and its effects on the gastric mucosa of Wistar rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
ILD. Moutinho ◽  
LC. Bertges ◽  
RVC. Assis
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Sulfanilic Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Food Dye ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group A ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Different Doses

Tartrazine is one of the most widely used artificial foods, drugs and cosmetic dyes. It is a nitrous derivative and is known to cause allergic reactions such as asthma and urticaria, as well as having been the focus of studies on mutagenesis and carcinogenesis due to its transformation into aromatic amine sulfanilic acid after being metabolized by the gastrointestinal microflora. 45 male Wistar rats were assigned to a control group (A) or a treatment one (B). The treatment group received 7.5 mg.kg-1.day-1 of tartrazine daily in drinking water offered ad libitum for ten months from weaning to the age of twelve months. There was a significant increase in the number of lymphocytes and eosinophils of the gastric antrum mucosa. No carcinogenetic changes in any gastric area were observed during the study. As tartrazine belongs to the azo class, it is still a possible food carcinogen. Other studies with different doses and schedules, observing their effects associated to other carcinogens should be carried out if their safe use is to be recommended.

scholarly journals Lipoic Acid Exacerbates Oxidative Stress and Lipid Accumulation in the Liver of Wistar Rats Fed a Hypercaloric Choline-Deficient Diet

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1999
Author(s):  
Lidia V. Kravchenko ◽  
Ilya V. Aksenov ◽  
Nikolay S. Nikitin ◽  
Galina V. Guseva ◽  
Ludmila I. Avrenyeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Body Weight Ratio ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently estimated as the most prevalent chronic liver disease in all age groups. An increasing body of evidence obtained in experimental and clinical data indicates that oxidative stress is the most important pathogenic factor in the development of NAFLD. The study aimed to investigate the impact of α-lipoic acid (LA), widely used as an antioxidant, on the effects of a hypercaloric choline-deficient diet. Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control diet (C); hypercaloric choline-deficient diet (HCCD), and hypercaloric choline-deficient diet with α-lipoic acid (HCCD+LA). Supplementation of HCCD with LA for eight weeks led to a decrease in visceral adipose tissue/body weight ratio, the activity of liver glutathione peroxidase and paraoxonase-1, plasma, and liver total antioxidant activity, as well as an increase in liver/body weight ratio, liver total lipid and triglyceride content, and liver transaminase activities compared to the HCCD group without LA. In conclusion, our study shows that α-lipoic acid detains obesity development but exacerbates the severity of diet-induced oxidative stress and lipid accumulation in the liver of male Wistar rats fed a hypercaloric choline-deficient diet.

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