Electronmicroscopic localization of ribonucleic acids in ciliate Bursaria truncatella during cell division

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-133
Author(s):  
Vladimir Popenko ◽  
Natalya Cherny ◽  
Maria Yakovleva
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Gold Complexes ◽  
Somatic Nucleus ◽  
Ribonucleic Acids ◽  
Biological Meaning ◽  
Bivalent Cations ◽  
Lowicryl K4m ◽  
Short Time

Highly polyploid somatic nucleus (macronucleus) of ciliate Bursaria truncatella under goes severe changes in morphology during cell division. At first, macronucleus (Ma) condences, diminishes in size and turns perpendicular to longitudinal axis of the cell. After short time, Ma turns again, elongates and only afterwards the process of division itself occurs. The biological meaning of these phenomena is not clear.Localization of RNA in the cells was performed on sections of ciliates B. truncatella, embedded in “Lowicryl K4M” at various stages: (1) before cell division (Figs. 2,3); (11) at the stage of macronucleus condensation; (111) during elongation of Ma (Fig.4); (1111) in young cells (0-5min. after division). For cytochemical labelling we used RNaseAcolloidal gold complexes (RNase-Au), which are known to bind to RNA containing cell ularstructures with high specificity. The influence of different parameters on the reliability and reproducibility of labelling was studied. In addition to the factors, discussed elsewhere, we found that the balance of mono- and bivalent cations is of great significance.

Morphogenesis in hydra

Development ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Sondra C. Corff ◽  
Allison L. Burnett
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Mitotic Division ◽  
Basal Disc ◽  
Dividing Cells ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Disc Formation

When Hydra oligactis is excised below the tentacles and incubated for a short time in concentrations of colchicine that inhibit spindle formation in dividing cells, a peduncle and basal disc subsequently form at the cut distal end, where hypostome and tentacles normally form (Corff & Burnett, 1969). Since recent reports suggest a similarity in the action of colchicine and low temperature, in this study the effects of low temperatures on regenerating hydra were investigated. High hydrostatic pressure and low temperature have been shown to act synergistically with colchicine to inhibit the first mitotic division in sea urchin eggs (Marsland, 1968). Colchicine and cooling have also been shown to cause disintegration of the microtubule system in Actinosphaerium (Tilney, 1965). We have previously discussed peduncle and basal disc formation at the distal end in terms of colchicine inhibition of cell division and the possible action of colchicine on the nervous system (Corff & Burnett, 1969).

scholarly journals Application of lectin--gold complexes for electron microscopic localization of glycoconjugates on thin sections.

1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 987-999 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Roth
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Concanavalin A ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Gold Complex ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Gold Complexes ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Renal Tubular Cells ◽  
Lowicryl K4m

A method is described for the electron microscopic detection of lectin-binding sites in different cellular compartments and extracellular structures that uses thin sections from resin-embedded tissues. Various lectins (Ricinus communis lectin I and II, peanut lectin, Lotus tetragonolobus lectin, Ulex europeus lectin I, Lens culinaris lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, and soybean lectin) were bound to particles of colloidal gold and used for direct staining of thin sections or glycoprotein--gold complexes were prepared and applied in an indirect technique (concanavalin A and horseradish peroxidase--gold complex; wheat germ lectin and ovomucoid--gold complex). The details for preparation of such complexes from 14 nm gold particles are reported. The conditions of tissue processing that gave satisfactory staining results and good fine structure preservation were mild aldehyde fixation without osmification and low temperature embedding with the hydrophilic resin Lowicryl K4M. None of the so-called etching procedures was necessary prior to labeling of Lowicryl K4M thin sections. Examples of the use of this approach for detection of glycoconjugates in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and mucin of intestinal goblet cells as well as plasma membrane and various intracellular structures of absorptive intestinal and renal tubular cells are shown. A comparison is made with preembedding staining results on Concanavalin A-binding site localization in rat liver which shows that problems of penetration common in such a technique are circumvented by the postembedding approach described here. Concanavalin A-binding sites were not only consistently found in nuclear envelope, rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, plasma membranes, and collagen fibers, but also in mitochondria, glycogen, ribosomes, and nucleus. These data and those of a previous investigation (Roth J, Cytochem 31:547, 1983) prove the applicability of this cytochemical technique for postembedding localization of glycoconjugates by light and electron microscopy.

scholarly journals Detection of the Neu5 Ac (alpha 2,3) Gal (beta 1,4) GlcNAc sequence with the leukoagglutinin from Maackia amurensis: light and electron microscopic demonstration of differential tissue expression of terminal sialic acid in alpha 2,3- and alpha 2,6-linkage.

1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1577-1588 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Sata ◽  
P M Lackie ◽  
D J Taatjes ◽  
W Peumans ◽  
J Roth
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Histochemical Staining ◽  
Gold Complex ◽  
Differential Distribution ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Gold Complexes ◽  
Double Labeling ◽  
Maackia Amurensis ◽  
Maackia Amurensis Lectin

The Maackia amurensis leukoagglutinin has been shown to react specifically with the Neu5Ac (alpha 2,3) Gal sequence of asparagine-linked complex type oligosaccharides. We report here the preparation of Maackia amurensis lectin-gold complexes and their application for light and electron microscopic detection of the Neu5 Ac (alpha 2,3) Gal sequence in various tissues. The use of the lectin directly gold labeled was superior to a two-step cytochemical affinity technique using a fetuin-gold complex. The Maackia amurensis lectin-gold staining was inhibited by pre-incubation of the lectin-gold complexes with 50 mM alpha 2,3 sialyllactose, whereas alpha 2,6 sialyllactose up to concentrations of 1 M had no effect, thus demonstrating the high specificity of the histochemical staining. In addition to N-glycanase-sensitive asparagine-linked oligosaccharides, beta-elimination-sensitive serine/threonine-linked oligosaccharides could be detected. Data are presented which show that cellular staining patterns obtained with Maackia amurensis lectin-gold complexes may differ from those with elderberry bark lectin-gold, which detects the Neu5 Ac (alpha 2,6) Gal/GalN Ac sequence. Electron microscopic double labeling for direct study of the differential distribution of the Neu5 Ac (alpha 2,3) Gal and Neu5 Ac (alpha 2,6) Gal sequences is reported. Therefore, the availability of two sialic acid binding lectins with different linkage specificity for histochemistry provides the first opportunity to study tissue and cell type expression of these terminal sequences of glycoproteins.

scholarly journals Immunochemiluminescence in the diagnosis of relapsing froms of echinococcosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-143
Author(s):  
N B Kasyev ◽  
M S Aytnazarov ◽  
A A Kazieva ◽  
A N Nurbekova
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Method ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Disease Relapse ◽  
Serologic Test ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Chemiluminescent Method

Aim. To improve immunologic diagnosis of relapsing and residual echinococcosis we used the novel chemiluminescent method based on registration of changes of biologic fluids emmision in normal and pathologic conditions.Methods. We observed 136 patients with relapsing echinococcosis, 109 patients with primary echinococcosis and 91 patients with residual cavities after echinococcectomy. As a control we included 186 patients with other diseases such as hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, liver and lung cancer, cholecystitis and others having some clinical similarity with echinococcosis and requiring differential diagnosis, and also 30 donors were included. Besides, 111 people previously operated for echinococcosis (6 month to 10 years prior) were examined.Results. In comparison of immunochemiluminescence with well-known serologic test this method demonstrated some benefits: short time to receiving the results, small amount of the blood necessary for the analysis (0.02 ml), high specificity and sensitivity. As the time period after the surgery increases, intensity of luminescence in immunochemiluminescence gradually decreases in case of no relapse and increases in relapse.Conclusion. Immunochemiluminescence of the whole blood is a valuable diagnostic method; this method should be included to diagnostic workup for patients with suspected echinococcosis; immunochemiluminescence provides the opportunity to define pathology and radicality of performed surgery and to reveal the disease relapse.

scholarly journals Recent advances of fluorescent biosensors based on cyclic signal amplification technology in biomedical detection

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongke Qu ◽  
Chunmei Fan ◽  
Mingjian Chen ◽  
Xiangyan Zhang ◽  
Qijia Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Amplification ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Rolling Circle Amplification ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Rolling Circle ◽  
Displacement Reactions ◽  
Short Time

AbstractThe cyclic signal amplification technology has been widely applied for the ultrasensitive detection of many important biomolecules, such as nucleic acids, proteins, enzymes, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), metal ions, exosome, etc. Due to their low content in the complex biological samples, traditional detection methods are insufficient to satisfy the requirements for monitoring those biomolecules. Therefore, effective and sensitive biosensors based on cyclic signal amplification technology are of great significance for the quick and simple diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Fluorescent biosensor based on cyclic signal amplification technology has become a research hotspot due to its simple operation, low cost, short time, high sensitivity and high specificity. This paper introduces several cyclic amplification methods, such as rolling circle amplification (RCA), strand displacement reactions (SDR) and enzyme-assisted amplification (EAA), and summarizes the research progress of using this technology in the detection of different biomolecules in recent years, in order to provide help for the research of more efficient and sensitive detection methods. Graphical Abstract

Mutations in the FASS gene uncouple pattern formation and morphogenesis in Arabidopsis development

Development ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 120 (10) ◽  
pp. 2967-2978 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Torres-Ruiz ◽  
G. Jurgens
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Cell Polarity ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Recessive Mutations ◽  
Morphological Criteria ◽  
Dependent Cell

The pattern of cell division is very regular in Arabidopsis embryogenesis, enabling seedling structures to be traced back to groups of cells in the early embryo. Recessive mutations in the FASS gene alter the pattern of cell division from the zygote, without interfering with embryonic pattern formation: although no primordia of seedling structures can be recognised by morphological criteria at the early-heart stage, all elements of the body pattern are differentiated in the seedling. fass seedlings are strongly compressed in the apical-basal axis and enlarged circumferentially, notably in the hypocotyl. Depending on the width of the hypocotyl, fass seedlings may have up to three supernumerary cotyledons. fass mutants can develop into tiny adult plants with all parts, including floral organs, strongly compressed in their longitudinal axis. At the cellular level, fass mutations affect cell elongation and orientation of cell walls but do not interfere with cell polarity as evidenced by the unequal division of the zygote. The results suggest that the FASS gene is required for morphogenesis, i.e., oriented cell divisions and position-dependent cell shape changes generating body shape, but not for cell polarity which seems essential for pattern formation.

scholarly journals Insight into naphthoquinone metabolism: β-glucosidase-catalysed hydrolysis of hydrojuglone β-d-glucopyranoside

1998 ◽  
Vol 333 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent DUROUX ◽  
Francis M. DELMOTTE ◽  
Jean-Marc LANCELIN ◽  
Gérard KÉRAVIS ◽  
Christian JAY-ALLEMAND
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Nuclear Overhauser Effect ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Overhauser Effect ◽  
Bivalent Cations ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Nuclear Overhauser ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Insight Into

In plants, the naphthoquinone juglone is known to be involved in pathogenic defence mechanisms, but it may also take part in plant developmental processes. This naphthoquinone can accumulate in a glycosylated form, namely hydrojuglone β-d-glucopyranoside. The structural configuration of this compound was shown to be 1,5-dihydroxy-4-naphthalenyl-β-d-glucopyranoside by means of MS, NMR and nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy analyses. A hydrojuglone β-d-glucopyranoside β-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.21) was purified to homogeneity from Juglans regia L. The enzyme catalysed the release of juglone from hydrojuglone β-d-glucopyranoside with high specificity and showed Michaelis–Menten kinetics with Km = 0.62 mM and Vmax = 14.5 µkat/mg of protein. This enzyme also showed a higher activity towards β-d-fucosyl than β-d-glucosyl bonds. The purified enzyme had an apparent Mr of 64000 by SDS/PAGE and a pI 8.9 by isoelectrofocusing PAGE. The purified enzyme was inhibited by several bivalent cations, such as Cu2+, Fe2+, Hg2+, and by d-glucono-1,5-lactone, showing non-competitive inhibition of the mixed type.

Spatial patterns and seasonality in the epibenthic communities of the Westerschelde (Southern Bight of the North Sea)

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Hostens
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Freshwater Species ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Southern Bight ◽  
The North ◽  
Westerschelde Estuary ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Mesohaline Zone ◽  
Short Time

Beamtrawl samples were taken monthly between January 1988 and December 1989 in 14 subtidal stations along the longitudinal axis of the Westerschelde Estuary. The estuary harboured high densities of epibenthic species (total average of 2250 ind 1000 m−2). Only 37 fish species were recorded and three mobile macroinvertebrate species were quantified. Seventeen epibenthic species were common, only eight of which were very abundant. An overall dominance of the brown shrimp Crangon crangon was noted. The near absence of anadromous and freshwater species was correlated with the low oxygen concentrations upstream the Dutch–Belgian border. The epibenthic species could be divided into a polyhaline and a mesohaline community along the main salinity–oxygen–turbidity gradients of the estuary. The mesohaline zone was characterized by higher densities and biomasses for shrimps, gobies and flatfish. The spatial structure in the epibenthic community of the polyhaline zone was more influenced by the watermasses from the sea and inflowing channels, and was correlated with the degree of exposure (current velocities and tides). A classification is proposed, based on the season in which the epibenthic species occur in the estuary, and on their life stages and abundances during that period. The monthly data demonstrate that while the eight abundant epibenthic species were generally present throughout the year (summer or winter resident), the majority tended to appear in the Westerschelde at varying times (summer, winter or bimodal) and often remained in large numbers (nine common species) for only a short time. The fact that mainly juveniles were recorded in the higher density-classes, suggests that the Westerschelde Estuary still acts as a nursery area for many epibenthic species.

scholarly journals Light and electron microscopic demonstration of sialic acid residues with the lectin from Limax flavus: a cytochemical affinity technique with the use of fetuin-gold complexes.

1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 1167-1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Roth ◽  
J M Lucocq ◽  
P M Charest
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Gold Complexes ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Lowicryl K4m ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Electron Microscopic Demonstration

The development of a cytochemical affinity technique for the demonstration of sialic acid residues by light and electron microscopy is reported. The lectin from the slug Limax flavus, with its narrow specificity for N-acetyl- and N-glycolylneuraminic acid, was applied to tissue sections. Subsequently fetuin-gold complexes were used to visualize the tissue-bound lectin. Different cytochemical controls, including sugar inhibition tests, neuraminidase digestion, the use of fetuin-gold complexes alone, or acid hydrolysis of sections, proved the specificity of the technique. Postembedding staining was performed on frozen, paraffin, or semithin resin sections for light microscopy and on thin sections from low temperature Lowicryl K4M-embedded material for electron microscopy. The distribution of sialic acid residues in rat pancreas, liver, and colonic mucosa was investigated.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document