Enterobius vermicularis infection in schoolchildren: a large-scale survey 6 years after a population-based control

2009 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.-C. WANG ◽  
K.-P. HWANG ◽  
E.-R. CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Enterobius Vermicularis ◽  
The World ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

SUMMARYPinworm infection remains prevalent in children in many parts of the world. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of this infection in schoolchildren in Taiwan after the termination of the 15-year population-based control project in 2001. Our results showed that 2·4% of 118 190 children in 385 primary schools were found to have enterobiasis by two-consecutive-day adhesive cellophane perianal swabs. The prevalences were significantly different in the 25 counties/cities surveyed (0·6–6·6%). A significantly higher prevalence was found in boys (2·6%) than in girls (2·2%) and the prevalence decreased by grade from 3·8% in grade 1 to 1·0% in grade 6. In the primary schools, 9·1% had positive rates ⩾10%. In addition, pinworm infection was found to be significantly associated with the socioeconomic status, personal hygiene and sanitary conditions of the children. The results indicate that the overall prevalence of enterobiasis remains at a low level after the control programme was transferred to the local governments.

scholarly journals From Impact to Legacy: Interpreting Critical Writing on Le Corbusier from the 1920s to the Present

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Livesey ◽  
Antony Moulis
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Le Corbusier ◽  
Critical Writing ◽  
British Publisher ◽  
The World ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
Major Figure ◽  
Critical Writings

Abstract: As a major figure of international modernism, Le Corbusier’s work has been subject to extensive critique and review both during his lifetime and since, to the extent that he has become the world’s most studied 20th century architect. While numerous attempts have been made to assess Le Corbusier’s works and ideas in their meaning and influence, little attention has been given to understanding the phenomena of critical writing and research that continues to surround the architect. Drawing upon research by the authors in preparing a 4-volume anthology of writings on Le Corbusier’s work for a major British publisher in 2016, the paper will trace critical reaction to the architect’s practice through a survey investigation of research and writing produced mainly in English from the 1920s to the present. The paper will give a chronological account of the issues, ideas and approaches that have emerged in critical writings on Le Corbusier and his architecture, reporting on the historiographic questions that have presented themselves in undertaking such a large-scale survey work. Reviewing the work of well-known critics the survey has also sought out lesser-known voices whose presence reflects Le Corbusier’s impact around the world, providing new interpretations through fresh perspectives on his work. Keywords: Architectural criticism; Architectural historiography; 20th century architecture, Le Corbusier. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.712

scholarly journals Perceptions of an Insufficient Government Response at the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic are Associated with Lower Mental Well-Being

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiemo Fetzer ◽  
Marc Witte ◽  
Lukas Hensel ◽  
Jon Jachimowicz ◽  
Johannes Haushofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Variation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Government Response ◽  
Country Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Mental Well Being

We conducted a large-scale survey covering 58 countries (N = 108,075) at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic—between March 20th and April 7th 2020—to explore how beliefs about citizens’ and government’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic, and the actions taken by governments, affected mental well-being. Our analyses reveal three findings. First, many respondents indicate that their country’s citizens and government’s response was insufficient. Second, respondents’ perception of an insufficient public and government response was associated with lower mental well-being. Third, we exploit time variation in country-level lockdown announcements, both around the world and through an event-study in the UK, and find that strong government actions—i.e., announcing a nationwide lockdown—were related to an improvement in respondents’ views of their fellow citizens and government, and to better mental well-being. These findings suggest that policy-makers may not only need to consider how their decisions affect the spread of COVID-19, but also how such choices influence the mental well-being of their population.

scholarly journals ‘The challenge now is for us to remain relevant’: Australian public libraries and the COVID-19 crisis

IFLA Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 034003522110541
Author(s):  
Simon Wakeling ◽  
Jane Garner ◽  
Philip Hider ◽  
Hamid Jamali ◽  
Jessie Lymn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Public Library ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
The World ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Delivery Models

The COVID-19 crisis has had a significant impact on public libraries around the world. In Australia, almost all public libraries experienced some period of building closure, requiring libraries to adapt their services and delivery models. This article reports findings from a large-scale survey of public library managers in Australia, which was conducted in August 2020. In particular, it presents the results of a thematic analysis of the participants’ free-text responses to open questions asked as part of the survey. This analysis reveals important insights relating to responses to library closures, staffing issues, new and expanded services and programmes, relationships with parent bodies, and the role of public libraries during the crisis and beyond. While public libraries are perceived by managers to have been agile and adaptable, and to have utilised technology effectively, the findings clearly demonstrate the value to users of library buildings, with important consequences for understanding the role of public libraries.

Urban planners and the production of gated communities in China: A structure–agency approach

Urban Studies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (13) ◽  
pp. 2635-2653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaihuai Liao ◽  
Rainer Wehrhahn ◽  
Werner Breitung
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Gated Communities ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Professional Perspectives ◽  
Large Scale Survey

This study takes an actor-oriented perspective and focuses on the role of urban planners in the production of gated communities in China. It probes their related values and the structural factors influencing their preferences and planning choices. The main empirical basis is a large-scale survey of urban planners throughout China. The results show for example that most of the surveyed planners are residents of gated communities themselves. This is highly important, because their residential experiences and middle-class identities are likely to affect their values and professional perspectives. Their attitudes towards gating furthermore strongly correlate with the views of the local governments for whom they work, which is understandable in view of the prevailing power structures. It is found that most planners either support gated communities or do not see much leverage to act against them, but that many are able to achieve amendments to reduce negative effects of gating.

scholarly journals Autistic traits and loneliness in autism are associated with increased tendencies to anthropomorphise

2021 ◽  
pp. 174702182110056
Author(s):  
Nathan Caruana ◽  
Rebekah C White ◽  
Anna Remington
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Autistic Traits ◽  
Social Connection ◽  
Autistic People ◽  
Natural Tendency ◽  
The World ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
Autistic Adults

Anthropomorphism—the attribution of human qualities to non-human objects—is believed to be a natural tendency which may serve several adaptive functions. One possibility is that anthropomorphism provides an egocentric heuristic by which we can understand the world. It may also be a strategy for reducing our subjective sense of loneliness. However, not all humans exhibit the same propensity to anthropomorphise. Recent findings suggest that autistic individuals may be more likely to anthropomorphise than non-autistic individuals. In Study 1, we conducted a large-scale survey of autistic traits and dispositional anthropomorphism in the general population ( n = 870). We found that individuals who reported having more autistic traits had an increased dispositional tendency to anthropomorphise non-human entities. In Study 2, we more closely examined variation in anthropomorphism tendencies in a sample of autistic adults ( n = 90) to better understand what might drive increased anthropomorphism in this population. We found that those with greater anthropomorphism tendencies experienced greater levels of self-reported loneliness. We propose that increased anthropomorphism might reflect reduced opportunities for social connection for autistic people and those with more autistic traits.

scholarly journals LEMON FLAVORED CLEANER TO PROTECT THE SOCIETY ON LARGE-SCALE SOCIAL RESTRICTIONS IN PADANG CITY, WEST SUMATERA PROVINCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 11-13
Author(s):  
Ismed Ismed ◽  
Rina Yenrina ◽  
Tuty Anggraini ◽  
Diana Silvy ◽  
Efrina Efrina
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Hand Sanitizer ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
Water Hydrogen

Background: The corona pandemic has wreaked havoc all across the world, especially in Indonesia. Hand washing with soap or hand sanitizer is one approach to help prevent the transmission of the corona virus. To aid in the prevention of the corona virus, a variety of hand sanitizers have been developed.  Methodology: Therefore, hand sanitizers made from alcohol with lemon aroma have been produced and distributed to the community around the residence of the academic community of Andalas University. This hand sanitizer is made independently using ingredients such as alcohol, glycerin, water, hydrogen peroxide and lemon extract. Conclusion: The distributed hand sanitizer is highly accepted by the community because of the increasing need for personal hygiene due to the increasingly massive spread of the corona virus. It is hoped that this activity can be done continuously.

scholarly journals Considerations Underlying Parents’ Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccines for Their Child: Evidence from Denmark

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederik Juhl Jørgensen ◽  
Michael Bang Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Data ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Children Health ◽  
The World ◽  
European Health ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns ◽  
The Impact

Background: Since the initial phases of vaccination campaigns, health authorities across the world have recommended vaccination of children between 15 and 18; and since the summer of 2021, vaccinations of children between 12 and 15 have been recommended. Recently, American and European Health Authorities have approved the use of a vaccine against COVID-19 for children between age 5 and 11. In this article, we ask what predicts parents’ intention to vaccinate their children against COVID-19. Methods: We use empirical data from a large-scale survey in Denmark about vaccine intentions. The survey included a subsample of 794 parents to children aged 6-15. For this group of parents, we assess key predictors (including demographics, predispositions, vaccine perceptions, and vaccine barriers) of parents’ acceptance of a vaccine for their child against COVID-19. Results: We propose that the vaccine decision follows a stepwise process: demographic variables shape parents’ predispositions, which again shape their specific perceptions of the safety and effectiveness - both in general and for their children - of the particular vaccine. Moreover, we argue that vaccine barriers will moderate this process. Our results demonstrate that parents’ intention to get their children vaccinated against COVID-19 is not driven by considerations regarding the disease of COVID-19 but by considerations of the safety of vaccines and added benefits of vaccination such as normalizing societal and everyday life. The balance of these considerations shift depending on the child's age, with lower acceptance for younger children. Furthermore, the content of considerations are shaped by trust in the health authorities and factual vaccine knowledge. Conclusion: To increase parents' acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine for their children, health authorities should focus on establishing and communicating evidence for the safety of vaccines and the impact of vaccination for their everyday lives.

About the failures of global and Russian financial markets and measures to support the economy and the population in the context of the pandemic

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
M.V. Ershov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
The World ◽  
National Economies

A large-scale collapse in global financial markets, which has been brewing for many years and which was triggered by the pandemic of the beginning of 2020, generates crisis processes in the world economy. The spread of the coronavirus has led to a significant decline in economic activity around the world. National States are once again forced to urgently develop and implement anti-crisis programs. A wide and financially voluminous range of measures aimed at ensuring both supply and effective demand in national economies is involved. Russia has also introduced large-scale, though relatively modest, measures to support the economy and the population. Based on these realities and based on his research work on the use of anti-crisis financial mechanisms, the author justifies the conclusion that: a) this support is insufficient; b) to ensure the normal reproduction of the population and the resumption of economic growth, it must be increased and activated.

scholarly journals Policy Handling Covid-19 and Effects of Pandemic on Workers in Palembang City

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Bachtari Alam Hidayat ◽  
Princess Erlyn
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
World Community ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

Early in 2020 the world community was shocked by Covid-19 which has caused death rates to increase in various countries. The government has carried out various policies as an effort to prevent the transmission of Covid-19, one of which is by implementing Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB), which is a localized lock down modification according to the level of severity in the Province, Regency or City. This research was conducted to determine the policies for handling Covid-19 and the unemployment rate due to the effects of the pandemic on workers in Palembang City. The Covid-19 pandemic not only caused health problems but also had an impact on policies taken by the central and local governments.

Building and Merging, not Checking: The Nonexistence of (Aux)-S-V-O Languages

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark C. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Subject Position ◽  
Correct Word ◽  
Computational System ◽  
Tense And Aspect ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
The Relationship

Standard views about the factors that determine verb position and subject position predict that there should be Subject-Verb-Object languages in which tense and aspect are indicated by a particle or auxiliary that comes before the subject. Julien's (2000) large-scale survey of the languages of the world, however, indicates that this word order is never found. This striking gap suggests that the theory of how verbs are related to tense needs to be rethought. I suggest that the gap can be explained by abandoning Chomsky's (1993, 1995) checking theory, in which the relationship between the T node and the inflected verb can be established abstractly. The correct word order typology follows if the computational system of human language can combine tense and verb only by overt head movement (Baker 1988, Pollock 1989) or by the PF merger of morphemes under adjacency (Marantz 1988, Bobaljik 1994).

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