scholarly journals From Impact to Legacy: Interpreting Critical Writing on Le Corbusier from the 1920s to the Present

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Livesey ◽  
Antony Moulis
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Le Corbusier ◽  
Critical Writing ◽  
British Publisher ◽  
The World ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
Major Figure ◽  
Critical Writings

Abstract: As a major figure of international modernism, Le Corbusier’s work has been subject to extensive critique and review both during his lifetime and since, to the extent that he has become the world’s most studied 20th century architect. While numerous attempts have been made to assess Le Corbusier’s works and ideas in their meaning and influence, little attention has been given to understanding the phenomena of critical writing and research that continues to surround the architect. Drawing upon research by the authors in preparing a 4-volume anthology of writings on Le Corbusier’s work for a major British publisher in 2016, the paper will trace critical reaction to the architect’s practice through a survey investigation of research and writing produced mainly in English from the 1920s to the present. The paper will give a chronological account of the issues, ideas and approaches that have emerged in critical writings on Le Corbusier and his architecture, reporting on the historiographic questions that have presented themselves in undertaking such a large-scale survey work. Reviewing the work of well-known critics the survey has also sought out lesser-known voices whose presence reflects Le Corbusier’s impact around the world, providing new interpretations through fresh perspectives on his work. Keywords: Architectural criticism; Architectural historiography; 20th century architecture, Le Corbusier. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.712

scholarly journals Perceptions of an Insufficient Government Response at the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic are Associated with Lower Mental Well-Being

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiemo Fetzer ◽  
Marc Witte ◽  
Lukas Hensel ◽  
Jon Jachimowicz ◽  
Johannes Haushofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Variation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Government Response ◽  
Country Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Mental Well Being

We conducted a large-scale survey covering 58 countries (N = 108,075) at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic—between March 20th and April 7th 2020—to explore how beliefs about citizens’ and government’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic, and the actions taken by governments, affected mental well-being. Our analyses reveal three findings. First, many respondents indicate that their country’s citizens and government’s response was insufficient. Second, respondents’ perception of an insufficient public and government response was associated with lower mental well-being. Third, we exploit time variation in country-level lockdown announcements, both around the world and through an event-study in the UK, and find that strong government actions—i.e., announcing a nationwide lockdown—were related to an improvement in respondents’ views of their fellow citizens and government, and to better mental well-being. These findings suggest that policy-makers may not only need to consider how their decisions affect the spread of COVID-19, but also how such choices influence the mental well-being of their population.

scholarly journals ‘The challenge now is for us to remain relevant’: Australian public libraries and the COVID-19 crisis

IFLA Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 034003522110541
Author(s):  
Simon Wakeling ◽  
Jane Garner ◽  
Philip Hider ◽  
Hamid Jamali ◽  
Jessie Lymn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Public Library ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
The World ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Delivery Models

The COVID-19 crisis has had a significant impact on public libraries around the world. In Australia, almost all public libraries experienced some period of building closure, requiring libraries to adapt their services and delivery models. This article reports findings from a large-scale survey of public library managers in Australia, which was conducted in August 2020. In particular, it presents the results of a thematic analysis of the participants’ free-text responses to open questions asked as part of the survey. This analysis reveals important insights relating to responses to library closures, staffing issues, new and expanded services and programmes, relationships with parent bodies, and the role of public libraries during the crisis and beyond. While public libraries are perceived by managers to have been agile and adaptable, and to have utilised technology effectively, the findings clearly demonstrate the value to users of library buildings, with important consequences for understanding the role of public libraries.

Glossing in the Linguistic Survey of India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aimée Lahaussois
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Step ◽  
Large Scale Survey

Summary In this article, I explore glossing practices in the period surrounding the publication of the Linguistic Survey of India (LSI), the large-scale survey of languages spoken on the Indian subcontinent at the turn of the 20th century, under the stewardship of George Abraham Grierson (1851–1941). After a brief discussion of the reasons that the LSI constitutes a useful corpus for studying glossing practices, I provide a detailed examination of the glossing practices used in the text specimens which accompany language descriptions in the LSI. I then contrast these practices with glossing in materials produced both prior to and subsequent to the LSI, in order to place the glossing practices established by Grierson within a historical context, thereby contributing a description of one step in the history of glossing of descriptive linguistic materials.

Enterobius vermicularis infection in schoolchildren: a large-scale survey 6 years after a population-based control

2009 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.-C. WANG ◽  
K.-P. HWANG ◽  
E.-R. CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Enterobius Vermicularis ◽  
The World ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

SUMMARYPinworm infection remains prevalent in children in many parts of the world. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of this infection in schoolchildren in Taiwan after the termination of the 15-year population-based control project in 2001. Our results showed that 2·4% of 118 190 children in 385 primary schools were found to have enterobiasis by two-consecutive-day adhesive cellophane perianal swabs. The prevalences were significantly different in the 25 counties/cities surveyed (0·6–6·6%). A significantly higher prevalence was found in boys (2·6%) than in girls (2·2%) and the prevalence decreased by grade from 3·8% in grade 1 to 1·0% in grade 6. In the primary schools, 9·1% had positive rates ⩾10%. In addition, pinworm infection was found to be significantly associated with the socioeconomic status, personal hygiene and sanitary conditions of the children. The results indicate that the overall prevalence of enterobiasis remains at a low level after the control programme was transferred to the local governments.

scholarly journals Autistic traits and loneliness in autism are associated with increased tendencies to anthropomorphise

2021 ◽  
pp. 174702182110056
Author(s):  
Nathan Caruana ◽  
Rebekah C White ◽  
Anna Remington
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Autistic Traits ◽  
Social Connection ◽  
Autistic People ◽  
Natural Tendency ◽  
The World ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
Autistic Adults

Anthropomorphism—the attribution of human qualities to non-human objects—is believed to be a natural tendency which may serve several adaptive functions. One possibility is that anthropomorphism provides an egocentric heuristic by which we can understand the world. It may also be a strategy for reducing our subjective sense of loneliness. However, not all humans exhibit the same propensity to anthropomorphise. Recent findings suggest that autistic individuals may be more likely to anthropomorphise than non-autistic individuals. In Study 1, we conducted a large-scale survey of autistic traits and dispositional anthropomorphism in the general population ( n = 870). We found that individuals who reported having more autistic traits had an increased dispositional tendency to anthropomorphise non-human entities. In Study 2, we more closely examined variation in anthropomorphism tendencies in a sample of autistic adults ( n = 90) to better understand what might drive increased anthropomorphism in this population. We found that those with greater anthropomorphism tendencies experienced greater levels of self-reported loneliness. We propose that increased anthropomorphism might reflect reduced opportunities for social connection for autistic people and those with more autistic traits.

scholarly journals „Na wysokiej połoninie” Stanisława Vincenza w kontekście kategorii pogranicza i geopoetyki

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 127-136
Author(s):  
Adam Orłowski
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Urban Culture ◽  
Laws Of Nature ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
The World

Stanisław Vincenz’s Na wysokiej połoninie in the context of the categories of frontier and geopoeticsStanisław Vincenz’s monumental work Na wysokiej połoninie [On the High Mountain Pastures] can be analysed in the context of civilisational transformations that took place at the turn of the 20th century in highland regions. Carpathian highlanders, including the Hutsuls, for centuries had cultivated traditions going way back in time, to the Hellenic herding culture values like subordination to the laws of nature and God, freedom, highland time, autumn knowledge, dialogue, unique understanding of space. The development of capitalism and influence of urban culture brought with them a  possibility of coming into contact on a  large scale with a  worldview representing a  different way of looking at issues fundamental to the individuals and entire community.Thus Vincenz’ tetralogy is set at the frontier of epochs, cultures and mentalities views of the world, impressions of the world. The present article aims at interpreting Vincenz’ work in the context of a  category that is extremely popular in the humanities, namely frontier or borderland as well as Kenneth White’s category of geopoetics, which is attracting more and more “followers”.

scholarly journals Considerations Underlying Parents’ Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccines for Their Child: Evidence from Denmark

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederik Juhl Jørgensen ◽  
Michael Bang Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Data ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Children Health ◽  
The World ◽  
European Health ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns ◽  
The Impact

Background: Since the initial phases of vaccination campaigns, health authorities across the world have recommended vaccination of children between 15 and 18; and since the summer of 2021, vaccinations of children between 12 and 15 have been recommended. Recently, American and European Health Authorities have approved the use of a vaccine against COVID-19 for children between age 5 and 11. In this article, we ask what predicts parents’ intention to vaccinate their children against COVID-19. Methods: We use empirical data from a large-scale survey in Denmark about vaccine intentions. The survey included a subsample of 794 parents to children aged 6-15. For this group of parents, we assess key predictors (including demographics, predispositions, vaccine perceptions, and vaccine barriers) of parents’ acceptance of a vaccine for their child against COVID-19. Results: We propose that the vaccine decision follows a stepwise process: demographic variables shape parents’ predispositions, which again shape their specific perceptions of the safety and effectiveness - both in general and for their children - of the particular vaccine. Moreover, we argue that vaccine barriers will moderate this process. Our results demonstrate that parents’ intention to get their children vaccinated against COVID-19 is not driven by considerations regarding the disease of COVID-19 but by considerations of the safety of vaccines and added benefits of vaccination such as normalizing societal and everyday life. The balance of these considerations shift depending on the child's age, with lower acceptance for younger children. Furthermore, the content of considerations are shaped by trust in the health authorities and factual vaccine knowledge. Conclusion: To increase parents' acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine for their children, health authorities should focus on establishing and communicating evidence for the safety of vaccines and the impact of vaccination for their everyday lives.

scholarly journals THE “24 PRELUDES” FOR THE PIANO BY IVAN KARABYTS AS AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF THE UKRAINIAN RENAISSANCE OF THE 1970S

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (58) ◽  
pp. 65-95
Author(s):  
Oleh Kopeliuk
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Piano Cycle ◽  
Cycle 24

Background. The research is devoted to revealing the semantic analysis of the dramaturgy of one of the large-scale compositions in the creative work of IvanKarabyts – the cycle “24 Preludes” for the piano. The composition was written by Ivan Karabyts in 1976 and today it is of great interest to concert performers and fans of modern piano music. The attention of pianists to the cycle “24 Preludes” by I. Karabyts is attracted, firstly, by the distinctive, original musical language, secondly – by a wide range of performing capabilities and means of expression, and thirdly – by vivid images that inspire pianists to reproduce artistic ideas, hidden philosophical implications. The object of research is the cycle “24 preludes” for the piano as a musical encyclopaedia, reflecting the artistic era in the context of the Ukrainian renaissance of tthe 1970s, and the aim is to identify stylistic patterns by means of the semantic analysis of the dramaturgy of the cycle, finding the intersection in a kind of dialogue with a diverse, significant fund of the music of the 20th century. The methodology of research is focused on the relationship of special methods of analysis: functional-structural, intonation, genre, style, semantic and interpretative one. Results. Ivan Karabyts chooses for his cycle a model of tonal dramaturgy of the cycle “24 Preludes”, introduced by F. Chopin and later by D. Shostakovich, namely – the movement along the circle of fifths in the ratio of major-minor. From the point of view of musical semantics of the preludes of the cycle they can be divided into 5 thematic groups (contemplative and introspective lyrics; grotesque and dance; sound imitation and spatial-visual; stylistic allusions; and tragedy ones), varied in genre-stylistic sense (according to the criteria of modelling the awareness of the lyrical hero (I – the world around me.) The dramaturgy of the cycle is built through their correlation, while forming a certain plot, which begins with the image of the lyrical hero, and ends with a demonstration of the society which is ambiguous and problematic for a human. The composer chooses the prelude as a genre with a historical memory of culture, which allows performers and listeners to experience the range of psychological moments of the human spirit in the turbulent world of events of the last third of the 20th century. The composer is fascinated by this genre not by chance, because the prelude allows reflecting in miniature numerous states of “fixed” moments of existence, the inner balance of the artist and the world. Each prelude in the cycle is a kind of creative laboratory, a field of creative experiments. It reflected both already developed and new methods and principles of the composer’s thinking. While performing one prelude after another as a whole composition, one realizes that this genre expresses the freedom of creativity, the element of existence: it is a fantasy, and a story of the heart, and the revelation of the spirit, and at the same time – bright genre sketches. Conclusions. The analysis of the musical semantics of I. Karabyts’s piano cycle “24 Preludes” testified to the presence of 5 genre-stylistic groups in the cycle (according to the criterion of the dual world notion “psychology I – the world around”). Thus, the genre-semantic analysis of the piano cycle “24 Preludes” has shown that I. Karabyts does not lose touch with history and time, by paying tribute to the masters of the 18th–20th centuries, continuing to develop the type of tonal dramaturgy, laid down by J. S. Bach. In the cycle there is a special “counterpoint” of the “blues” stylistic. The dramaturgy of the cycle has a detailed plot, which begins with the image of the lyrical hero, and ends with a demonstration of the society ambiguous and problematic for a human (“I – World”). The dramaturgy of the romantic dual world turns into a harmony of the modern world with multiple images, echoes of time and inner drama. The genre semantics and its analysis allow the performer to comprehend the large-scale cycle as an artistic picture of the world, and its stylistic unity – as a spiritual universe which belongs to the Ukrainian art of the 21st century.

scholarly journals Georges Florovsky

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-126
Author(s):  
Anatoly Chernyaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Russian Philosophy ◽  
Religious Thought ◽  
The World ◽  
Science And Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
World Class ◽  
Russian Religious Thought ◽  
Modern Era

Georges Florovsky is one of the world-class thinkers who determined the ways of understanding and developing Russian philosophy and Orthodox theology in the modern era. The youngest contemporary of the brilliant period of the heyday of Russian philosophy, science and culture at the beginning of the 20th century, one of the founders of the concept of Eurasianism, a member of academic corporations of the largest institutions founded by Russian emigrants on both sides of the Atlantic, a participant in the ecumenical movement, he acquired considerable authority and influence in world Slavic studies and religious thought. Florovsky's main works are devoted to the interpretation of the Russian thought tradition and the study of the patristic heritage, on the basis of which he proposed a new project for the development of Orthodox thought: neo-patristic synthesis. It is necessary to consider these areas of Florovsky's activity in interconnection: the picture of the history of Russian religious thought presented in his works is intended to demonstrate that the separation from classical patristic models that occurred in it entailed a crisis of the spiritual culture of Russia, which led to a large-scale social crisis of the 20th century. Florovsky's philosophical and theological program of neo-patristic synthesis was formed in a polemic with the sophiological direction of Russian philosophy and can be regarded as its main alternative; this program received a response and development in the works of a number of domestic and foreign philosophers and theologians.

Building and Merging, not Checking: The Nonexistence of (Aux)-S-V-O Languages

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark C. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Subject Position ◽  
Correct Word ◽  
Computational System ◽  
Tense And Aspect ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
The Relationship

Standard views about the factors that determine verb position and subject position predict that there should be Subject-Verb-Object languages in which tense and aspect are indicated by a particle or auxiliary that comes before the subject. Julien's (2000) large-scale survey of the languages of the world, however, indicates that this word order is never found. This striking gap suggests that the theory of how verbs are related to tense needs to be rethought. I suggest that the gap can be explained by abandoning Chomsky's (1993, 1995) checking theory, in which the relationship between the T node and the inflected verb can be established abstractly. The correct word order typology follows if the computational system of human language can combine tense and verb only by overt head movement (Baker 1988, Pollock 1989) or by the PF merger of morphemes under adjacency (Marantz 1988, Bobaljik 1994).

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