Associations between capsular serotype, multilocus sequence type, and macrolide resistance inStreptococcus agalactiaeisolates from Japanese infants with invasive infections

2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
pp. 812-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. MOROZUMI ◽  
T. WAJIMA ◽  
Y. KUWATA ◽  
N. CHIBA ◽  
K. SUNAOSHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Macrolide Resistance ◽  
Invasive Infections ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Group B ◽  
Sequence Types

SUMMARYStreptococcus agalactiae(group B streptococcus; GBS) isolates (n = 150) from infants with invasive infections between 2006 and 2011 were analysed for capsular serotype, multilocus sequence type, and antibiotic susceptibility. In cases with late-onset disease (n = 115), primary meningitis was predominant (62·6%), but represented only 39·1% in cases with early-onset disease (n = 23). The most common serotype was III (58·7%), followed by Ia (21·3%) and Ib (12·7%). Sequence types (STs) of serotype III strains included ST17 (50·0%), ST19 (26·1%), ST335 (18·2%), ST27 (4·5%), and ST1 (1·1%). Predominant STs of serotypes Ia and Ib were ST23 (81·3%) and ST10 (84·2%), respectively. No penicillin-resistant strains were detected, but 22·0% of strains hadmef(A/E),erm(A), orerm(B) genes, which mediate macrolide resistance. A new ST335, possessing anmef(A/E) gene belonging to clonal complex 19 gradually increased in frequency. Improved prevention of invasive GBS infections in infants requires timely identification, and ultimately vaccine development.

scholarly journals Emergence of the First Levofloxacin-Resistant Strains of Streptococcus agalactiae Isolated in Italy

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 2466-2469 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Piccinelli ◽  
F. Gargiulo ◽  
S. Corbellini ◽  
G. Ravizzola ◽  
C. Bonfanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Topoisomerase Iv ◽  
Double Mutation ◽  
Unknown Significance ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Group B ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACTOf 901 group B streptococcus strains analyzed, 13 (1.4%) were resistant to levofloxacin (MICs of >32 μg/ml for seven isolates, 2 μg/ml for four isolates, and 1.5 μg/ml for four isolates). Mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of gyrase and topoisomerase IV were identified. A double mutation involving the Ser-81 change to Leu forgyrAand the Ser-79 change to Phe or to Tyr forparCwas linked to a high level of fluoroquinolone resistance. In addition, two other mutational positions inparCwere observed, resulting in an Asp-83-to-Tyr substitution and an Asp-83-to-Asn substitution. Different mutations were also observed ingyrB, with unknown significance. Most levofloxacin-resistant GBS strains were of serotype Ib and belonged to sequence type 19 (ST19) and clonal complex 19 (CC-19). Most of them exhibited theepsilongene.

scholarly journals Emergence of Invasive Serotype Ib Sequence Type 10 Group B Streptococcus Disease in Chinese Infants Is Driven by a Tetracycline-Sensitive Clone

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhang ◽  
Wen-Juan Kang ◽  
Lei Zhu ◽  
Li-Jun Xu ◽  
Chao Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Onset ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Genetic Lineage ◽  
Clinical Complications ◽  
Invasive Infections ◽  
Severe Infections ◽  
Group B

BackgroundGroup B streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of serious infections in infants. The extensive use of tetracycline has led to the selection of specific resistant and infectious GBS clones. The sequence type (ST) 10 GBS strain, causing invasive infections in infants, is becoming prevalent in China. We aimed to understand the clinical and microbiological characteristics of this GBS strain.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study on infants with invasive GBS disease from the largest women’s and children’s medical center in Shanxi and collected data between January 2017 and October 2020. GBS isolates were analyzed by capsule serotyping, genotyping, antibiotic resistance, and surface protein genes.ResultsAll ST10 isolates belonged to serotype Ib; type Ib/ST10 strains were responsible for 66.7% (14/21, P < 0.05) of infant invasive GBS infections during the period and all resulted in late-onset (LOD) and late LOD disease (14/14). Infants with type Ib/ST10 GBS disease had significantly higher rates of meningitis (9/14, 64.3%, p < 0.05) and clinical complications (5/14, 35.7%, p < 0.05). The Ib/ST10 GBS isolates had limited genetic diversity, clustered in the CC10/bca/PI-1 + PI-2a genetic lineage, showed resistance to erythromycin, lincomycin, and fluoroquinolones and sensitivity to tetracycline, and possessed genes ermT, ermB, and amino acid changes in gyrA and parC.ConclusionsThe probable clonal expansion can result in severe infections in infants and ongoing emergence of multi-drug resistant isolates. Continued monitoring for type Ib/ST10 GBS infections is warranted.

scholarly journals Trends in molecular characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of group B streptococci: a multicenter study in Serbia, 2015–2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusan Kekic ◽  
Ina Gajic ◽  
Natasa Opavski ◽  
Milan Kojic ◽  
Goran Vukotic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Disease Rate ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Invasive Infections ◽  
Group B

AbstractGroup B Streptococcus (GBS) is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Serbia has not fully implemented preventive measures against GBS neonatal diseases. Therefore, we aimed to assess the maternal GBS colonisation and invasive neonatal disease rate, to reveal the trends of antimicrobial resistance and serotype distribution of GBS from various patient groups. Randomly selected non-invasive (n = 991) and all invasive GBS (n = 80) collected throughout Serbia from 2015 to 2020 were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility, capsular typing, and hvgA detection. Overall, 877/5621 (15.6%) pregnant women were colonised with GBS. Invasive GBS infections incidence in infants (0.18/1000 live births) showed a decreasing trend (0.3 to 0.1/1000 live births). Type III was overrepresented in infants with invasive infections (n = 35, 58.3%), whereas type V predominated among colonised adults (n = 224, 25.5%) and those with noninvasive (n = 37, 32.5%) and invasive infections (n = 8, 40%). The hypervirulent clone III/ST17 was highly associated with invasive infections (n = 28, 35%), particularly late-onset disease (n = 9, 47.4%), showing an increase from 12.3 to 14.8%. The GBS resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin was 26.7% and 22.1%, respectively, with an upward trend. The emergence of the hypervirulent clone III/ST17 and the escalation in GBS resistance highlight an urgent need for continuous monitoring of GBS infections.

scholarly journals Molecular epidemiology of infections caused by group B Streptococcus in pregnant women and newborns, and development of preventive vaccines

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 62-73
Author(s):  
Vasilisa A. Vasilyeva ◽  
Elena V. Shipitsyna ◽  
Kira V. Shalepo ◽  
Alevtina M. Savicheva
Keyword(s):  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Group B ◽  
Sequence Types ◽  
Experimental Immunization ◽  
Selection Of

Hypothesis/aims of study. The present analysis was undertaken to summarize current knowledge about molecular properties of group B streptococci (GBS), emphasizing potential targets of vaccines against neonatal GBS infection. Study design, materials, and methods. This review is based on articles published mainly in the last ten years. Results. Epidemiological data on serotypes, multilocus sequence types, clonal complexes of GBS and their relationship are presented. Genetic events in GBS populations indicate significant obstacles to vaccine development. We described key properties of major GBS virulence factors, such as capsular polysaccharide, pili, and cell adhesion molecules, as well as results of experimental immunization on their basis. Conclusion. The population of invasive GBS strains is molecularly and genetically heterogeneous, which complicates selection of vaccine targets. Capsular switching, a low level of immunogenicity and variability of population composition are the most important factors that necessitate the accumulation and monitoring of molecular epidemiological data.

scholarly journals An empirical Bayes method for serotype case-carrier ratios, with an application to Group B streptococcus

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Lewnard ◽  
Lauren A. Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Bayes ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Random Effects Model ◽  
Bayes Method ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Invasive Infections ◽  
Group B

ABSTRACTBackgroundCase-carrier ratios quantifying the relative pathogenicity of serotypes can inform vaccine formulations for antigenically-diverse pathogens. However, sparse serotype-specific counts in epidemiologic datasets may undermine such analyses, most notably for rare serotypes that pose emergence risks in vaccinated populations. This challenge is well-illustrated in Group B streptococcus (GBS), where serotype III dominates in both carriage and disease.MethodsWe develop an empirical Bayes random-effects model based on conjugate Dirichlet-multinomial distributions of serotype frequencies in carriage and disease states. We validate the model using simulated datasets, and apply it to data from 15 paired sets of GBS isolates from intrapartum rectovaginal colonization (n=3403) and neonatal invasive disease (NID; n=1088), 16 from blood (n=2352) and cerebrospinal fluid (n=780) neonatal specimens, and 3 from fatal (n=173) and non-fatal (n=1684) neonatal invasive infections.ResultsOur method accurately recovers parameters in simulated datasets. Using this approach, we confirm that GBS serotype III exhibits the greatest invasiveness, followed by serotype Ia with a 75.3% (95%CrI: 43.7-93.8%) lower estimate. Enhanced invasiveness of serotypes III and Ia is most evident in late-onset disease. Non–hexavalent-vaccine serotypes, which are rare in carriage and disease, generally show lower invasiveness; serotype IX/non-typeable GBS, the most prevalent cause of non–vaccine-preventable disease, is 98.7% (81.7-99.9%) and 94.2% (13.9-99.6%) less invasive than serotypes III and Ia, respectively.ConclusionsWe present a strategy for measuring associations of serotype with carrier and disease states in the presence of sparse counts, avoiding biases that exist in common ad-hoc approaches.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Characterization of Group B Streptococcus Infections in Alberta, Canada: An Update from 2014 to 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Ma ◽  
L. Alexa Thompson ◽  
Thomas Corsiatto ◽  
Donna Hurteau ◽  
Gregory J. Tyrrell
Keyword(s):  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Adult Disease ◽  
Invasive Infections ◽  
Group B ◽  
Epidemiological Characterization

This work describes the epidemiology of invasive infections caused by the bacterium group B Streptococcus (GBS) in Alberta, Canada. We show that rates of invasive GBS disease have increased from 2014 to 2020 for both adult disease and late-onset disease in neonates, whereas the rate of early onset disease in neonates has decreased. We also show that the rate of resistance to erythromycin (an antibiotic used to treat GBS) has also increased in this time.

scholarly journals The antimicrobial activity of zinc against group B Streptococcus is strain-dependent across diverse sequence types, capsular serotypes, and invasive versus colonizing isolates

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamisha D. Francis ◽  
Miriam A. Guevara ◽  
Jacky Lu ◽  
Shabir A. Madhi ◽  
Gaurav Kwatra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Zinc Toxicity ◽  
Capsular Type ◽  
Zinc Stress ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Invasive Infections ◽  
Group B ◽  
Sequence Types

Abstract Background Streptococcus agalactiae or Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is an encapsulated gram-positive bacterial pathobiont that commonly colonizes the lower gastrointestinal tract and reproductive tract of human hosts. This bacterium can infect the gravid reproductive tract and cause invasive infections of pregnant patients and neonates. Upon colonizing the reproductive tract, the bacterial cell is presented with numerous nutritional challenges imposed by the host. One strategy employed by the host innate immune system is intoxication of bacterial invaders with certain transition metals such as zinc. Methodology Previous work has demonstrated that GBS must employ elegant strategies to circumnavigate zinc stress in order to survive in the vertebrate host. We assessed 30 strains of GBS from diverse isolation sources, capsular serotypes, and sequence types for susceptibility or resistance to zinc intoxication. Results Invasive strains, such as those isolated from early onset disease manifestations of GBS infection were significantly less susceptible to zinc toxicity than colonizing strains isolated from rectovaginal swabs of pregnant patients. Additionally, capsular type III (cpsIII) strains and the ST-17 and ST-19 strains exhibited the greatest resilience to zinc stress, whereas ST-1 and ST-12 strains as well as those possessing capsular type Ib (cpsIb) were more sensitive to zinc intoxication. Thus, this study demonstrates that the transition metal zinc possesses antimicrobial properties against a wide range of GBS strains, with isolation source, capsular serotype, and sequence type contributing to susceptibility or resistance to zinc stress.

scholarly journals Distribution of Pilus Islands in Streptococcus agalactiae That Cause Human Infections: Insights into Evolution and Implication for Vaccine Development

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Martins ◽  
A. Andreu ◽  
J. Melo-Cristino ◽  
M. Ramirez
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Group B ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Sequence Types

ABSTRACTAt least one pilus island, PI-1 (70%), PI-2a (79%), or PI-2b (21%), was found among 898Streptococcus agalactiae(group B streptococcus [GBS]) isolates recovered from humans, supporting the use of pilus proteins in vaccines. The stability and dominance of PI-1 and PI-2a in multiple serotypes and founder multilocus sequence types disseminated worldwide suggest it could be the PI combination present in ancestral GBS human pathogens.

scholarly journals Virulence-genes Rib and Bca in Serotypes of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) Isolated from Symptomatic Pregnant Women in East Coast Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayesha Bahez ◽  
Mohammed Imad Al-Deen Mustafa Mahmud ◽  
Hairul Aini Hamzah ◽  
Hanan Hamimi Wahid
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Suitable Candidate ◽  
Vaginal Swabs ◽  
Invasive Infections ◽  
Group B

INTRODUCTION: Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of maternally-acquired invasive infections in neonates. Nowadays maternal immunization is of utmost demand for prevention of these infections. We undertook capsular serotyping and virulence factor genes identification for local GBS isolates as a pilot study, to identify potential candidates to propagate vaccine development. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a descriptive lab -based study to determine GBS serotypes and presence of genes coding virulence factors bca and rib in isolates obtained from symptomatic pregnant women in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. Sixty-two GBS isolates from high vaginal swabs were collected. Latex agglutination test was performed to determine GBS serotypes. Real-time PCR was done to determine the presence of virulence genes. RESULTS: Of the 62 GBS isolates, 77.4% were serologically typeable, and 22.6% were non -typeable. Serotypes Ia and Ib (16.1% each) were the most common capsular types, followed by II, V, and VII (9.7% each), III (8.1%), VI (6.5%), and VIII (1.6 %). Furthermore, 67.7% of the isolates harboured the rib gene while 98.4% possessed the bca gene. CONCLUSION: The five known prevalent serotypes worldwide, do not match the CPS distribution in symptomatic pregnant women in Kuantan. However, the frequency of virulence genes rib and bca is high among our isolates, which if confirmed by further bigger and wider studies makes the proteinaceous vaccine, N-terminal domains of Rib and AlpC a suitable candidate for GBS prevention in this geographical area.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Mechanisms of Macrolide Resistance in Invasive and Noninvasive Group B Streptococcus Isolates from Ontario, Canada

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 3504-3508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce C. S. de Azavedo ◽  
Mary McGavin ◽  
Carla Duncan ◽  
Donald E. Low ◽  
Allison McGeer
Keyword(s):  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Macrolide Resistance ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Erythromycin Resistance ◽  
Vaginal Swabs ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Neonatal Blood ◽  
Methylase Gene ◽  
Group B

ABSTRACT Macrolide resistance has been demonstrated in group B streptococcus (GBS), but there is limited information regarding mechanisms of resistance and their prevalence. We determined these in GBS obtained from neonatal blood cultures and vaginal swabs from pregnant women. Of 178 isolates from cases of neonatal GBS sepsis collected from 1995 to 1998, 8 and 4.5% were resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin, respectively, and one isolate showed intermediate penicillin resistance (MIC, 0.25 μg/ml). Of 101 consecutive vaginal or rectal/vaginal isolates collected in 1999, 18 and 8% were resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin, respectively. Tetracycline resistance was high (>80%) among both groups of isolates. Of 32 erythromycin-resistant isolates, 28 possessed the ermmethylase gene (7 ermB and 21 ermTR/ermA) and 4 harbored the mefA gene; one isolate harbored both genes. One isolate which was susceptible to erythromycin but resistant to clindamycin (MIC, 4 μg/ml) was found to have thelinB gene, previously identified only inEnterococcus faecium. The mreA gene was found in all the erythromycin-resistant strains as well as in 10 erythromycin-susceptible strains. The rate of erythromycin resistance increased from 5% in 1995–96 to 13% in 1998–99, which coincided with an increase in macrolide usage during that time.

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