scholarly journals Experimental pig-to-pig transmission dynamics for African swine fever virus, Georgia 2007/1 strain

2015 ◽  
Vol 144 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. GUINAT ◽  
S. GUBBINS ◽  
T. VERGNE ◽  
J. L. GONZALES ◽  
L. DIXON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Transmission Dynamics ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
Transmission Parameters ◽  
Eastern European Countries

SUMMARYAfrican swine fever virus (ASFV) continues to cause outbreaks in domestic pigs and wild boar in Eastern European countries. To gain insights into its transmission dynamics, we estimated the pig-to-pig basic reproduction number (R0) for the Georgia 2007/1 ASFV strain using a stochastic susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered (SEIR) model with parameters estimated from transmission experiments. Models showed thatR0is 2·8 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1·3–4·8] within a pen and 1·4 (95% CI 0·6–2·4) between pens. The results furthermore suggest that ASFV genome detection in oronasal samples is an effective diagnostic tool for early detection of infection. This study provides quantitative information on transmission parameters for ASFV in domestic pigs, which are required to more effectively assess the potential impact of strategies for the control of between-farm epidemic spread in European countries.

scholarly journals Estimation of the transmission dynamics of African swine fever virus within a swine house

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (13) ◽  
pp. 2787-2796 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. NIELSEN ◽  
T. S. LARSEN ◽  
T. HALASA ◽  
L. E. CHRISTIANSEN
Keyword(s):  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Estimation Of Parameters ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Transmission Parameters ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

SUMMARYThe spread of African swine fever virus (ASFV) threatens to reach further parts of Europe. In countries with a large swine production, an outbreak of ASF may result in devastating economic consequences for the swine industry. Simulation models can assist decision makers setting up contingency plans. This creates a need for estimation of parameters. This study presents a new analysis of a previously published study. A full likelihood framework is presented including the impact of model assumptions on the estimated transmission parameters. As animals were only tested every other day, an interpretation was introduced to cover the weighted infectiousness on unobserved days for the individual animals (WIU). Based on our model and the set of assumptions, the within- and between-pen transmission parameters were estimated to βw = 1·05 (95% CI 0·62–1·72), βb = 0·46 (95% CI 0·17–1·00), respectively, and the WIU = 1·00 (95% CI 0–1). Furthermore, we simulated the spread of ASFV within a pig house using a modified SEIR-model to establish the time from infection of one animal until ASFV is detected in the herd. Based on a chosen detection limit of 2·55% equivalent to 10 dead pigs out of 360, the disease would be detected 13–19 days after introduction.

scholarly journals Substitution of warthog NF-κB motifs into RELA of domestic pigs is not sufficient to confer resilience to African swine fever virus

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen McCleary ◽  
Rebecca Strong ◽  
Ronan R. McCarthy ◽  
Jane C. Edwards ◽  
Emma L. Howes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Domestic Pigs

scholarly journals Identification of a Continuously Stable and Commercially Available Cell Line for the Identification of Infectious African Swine Fever Virus in Clinical Samples

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayushi Rai ◽  
Sarah Pruitt ◽  
Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina ◽  
Elizabeth A. Vuono ◽  
Ediane Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Virus Isolation ◽  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Outbreak Strain ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
Current Outbreak ◽  
High Degree

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is causing outbreaks both in domestic pigs and wild boar in Europe and Asia. In 2018, the largest pig producing country, China, reported its first outbreak of African swine fever (ASF). Since then, the disease has quickly spread to all provinces in China and to other countries in southeast Asia, and most recently to India. Outbreaks of the disease occur in Europe as far west as Poland, and one isolated outbreak has been reported in Belgium. The current outbreak strain is highly contagious and can cause a high degree of lethality in domestic pigs, leading to widespread and costly losses to the industry. Currently, detection of infectious ASFV in field clinical samples requires accessibility to primary swine macrophage cultures, which are infrequently available in most regional veterinary diagnostic laboratories. Here, we report the identification of a commercially available cell line, MA-104, as a suitable substrate for virus isolation of African swine fever virus.

scholarly journals Experimental pig-to-pig transmission dynamics for African swine fever virus, Georgia 2007/1 strain– CORRIGENDUM

2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (16) ◽  
pp. 3564-3566 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. GUINAT ◽  
S. GUBBINS ◽  
T. VERGNE ◽  
J. L. GONZALES ◽  
L. DIXON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Transmission Dynamics

scholarly journals Extension of Sylvatic Circulation of African Swine Fever Virus in Extralimital Warthogs in South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony F. Craig ◽  
Mathilde L. Schade-Weskott ◽  
Henry J. Harris ◽  
Livio Heath ◽  
Gideon J. P. Kriel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Serological Evidence ◽  
The South ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North

Sylvatic circulation of African swine fever virus (ASFV) in warthogs and Ornithodoros ticks that live in warthog burrows historically occurred in northern South Africa. Outbreaks of the disease in domestic pigs originated in this region. A controlled area was declared in the north in 1935 and regulations were implemented to prevent transfer of potentially infected suids or products to the rest of the country. However, over the past six decades, warthogs have been widely translocated to the south where the extralimital animals have flourished to become an invasive species. Since 2016, there have been outbreaks of ASF in pigs outside the controlled area that cannot be linked to transfer of infected animals or products from the north. An investigation in 2008–2012 revealed that the presence of Ornithodoros ticks and ASFV in warthog burrows extended marginally across the boundary of the controlled area. We found serological evidence of ASFV circulation in extralimital warthogs further south in the central part of the country.

scholarly journals JOURNEY OF AFRICAN SWINE FEVER VIRUS IN EASTERN EU STATES

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 863-869
Author(s):  
Stelian Baraitareanu ◽  
Dragos Cobzariu ◽  
Mihaela Popp ◽  
Marius Valer Campeanu ◽  
Doina Danes
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Backyard Pigs

INTRODUCTION: In 2007, African swine fever virus (ASFv) broken its well-known boundaries. This was the reference year for the first report of African swine fever (ASF) in Georgia. Subsequently, the virus reached pigs and boars in Armenia and Russia. From the Caucasus area, ASFv jumped in all directions, between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, in relation to the density of backyard pigs and their trade. In the next ten years there have been notifications and registrations of ASFv outbreaks in Russia, Azerbaijan, Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania, Poland, Estonia, Latvia, Moldova and the Czech Republic. Romania faced the first ASFv outbreak at the end of July 2017, in backyard pigs." in stead "density of backyard pigs and their trade. In the next ten years there have been notifications and registrations of ASFv outbreaks in Russia, Azerbaijan, Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania, Poland, Estonia, Latvia, Moldova and the Czech Republic. Romania faced the first ASFv outbreak at the end of July 2017, in backyard pigs.OBJECTIVES: The aim of study is to analyse the ways ASFv spread from and into different regions recorded by Eastern European states.METHODS: The immediate notifications on ASFv to the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) were analysed from the Eastern-European states between 2007 and 2017. The analysis took into consideration the first occurrence of the disease under scrutiny in the country and the follow-up reports, in relation with the geospatial distribution of the outbreaks.RESULTS: The main route of ASFv introduction into local pig populations indicated by the Member States of the European Union was the trans-boundary circulation of boars. However, the spread of ASFv through both, wild and domestic pigs and also by the human alimentary customs/traditions in the affected areas shouldn’t be ignored. Three cycles of ASFv transmission have been identified and described by the epidemiologists: the domestic cycle, the sylvatic cycle and the tick-pig cycle.CONCLUSION: None of the ways to disseminate the ASFv should be excluded, and the origin of the first outbreaks remains unknown or inconclusive in Eastern EU states.

scholarly journals Impaired T‐cell responses in domestic pigs and wild boar upon infection with a highly virulent African swine fever virus strain

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 3016-3032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Hühr ◽  
Alexander Schäfer ◽  
Theresa Schwaiger ◽  
Laura Zani ◽  
Julia Sehl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Wild Boar ◽  
Virus Strain ◽  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Highly Virulent
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