Bank networks and suspensions in the 1893 panic: evidence from the state banks and their correspondents in Kansas

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Dupont
Keyword(s):  
Kansas City ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
The State ◽  
National Bank

Using individual balance sheet data from the state banks in one state that was deeply impacted by the 1893 crisis, this article presents evidence that correspondent networks played an important role in transmitting the crisis. In particular, the unexpected closure of a single large national bank in Kansas City considerably increased the probability of suspension among the state banks that were connected to it through the correspondent networks. This episode thus illustrates how contagion can spread through interbank networks and sheds new light on the nature of the 1893 crisis.

scholarly journals Georgia

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (223) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
The State ◽  
Net Worth ◽  
State Owned Enterprise ◽  
National Bank ◽  
The Government

Georgia’s public sector balance sheet (PSBS) is in relatively healthy shape, with assets exceeding liabilities, and is comparatively lean. Looking across all entities that the government controls, including the central government, local governments, the State-Owned Enterprise (SOE) sector and the National Bank of Georgia (NBG), total assets are worth 149 percent of GDP, made up of cash, loans, infrastructure, land and productive SOE assets. Liabilities are worth 81 percent of GDP, primarily comprising loans and debt of the government and SOEs. This leaves positive net worth of 68 percent of GDP, putting it in the top third of countries in the IMF’s database.

STATE REGULATION OF BANKING ACTIVITY IN UKRAINE

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olha Drachevska
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Banking Regulation ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
System Protection ◽  
Banking Activity ◽  
National Bank ◽  
Threatening Situation

The article is devoted to the analysis of scientific approaches to the interpretation of the concepts of "state regulation", "state regulation of banking", "banking regulation" and the measures on which the state regulation of banking is based. An analysis of the scientific literature in various fields allows us to conclude that scholars ambiguously interpret the term "state regulation of banking." Most often, state regulation of banking is seen as a system of measures by which the state through authorized bodies regulates the activities of banks. The domestic legislator considers the concept of "banking regulation" as one of the functions of the National Bank of Ukraine, which is to create a system of norms governing the activities of banks, determine the general principles of banking, banking supervision, liability for violations of banking legislation. The main purpose of banking regulation is security and financial stability of the banking system, protection of the interests of depositors and creditors. The importance of state regulation of banking as an integral part of public policy is emphasized. Effective state regulation of banking activities should ensure stable and uninterrupted operation of the banking system, guarantee the provision of quality services by banks to depositors and borrowers and protect their interests. Preventive and protective measures on which the state regulation of banking activity in Ukraine is based are considered. Preventive measures should be implemented through the approval of mandatory regulations. The application of protective measures should provide protection against the already threatening situation for the bank. Attention is also paid to the forms in which state regulation of banks by the National Bank is carried out. Such forms are administrative regulation and indicative regulation.

EVALUATION OF THE ABSOLUTE RESULTS OF THE LEADING COMPANIES OF THE OIL AND GAS COMPLEX: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
Lyudmila V. Goloshchapova ◽  
◽  
Elena V. Maltseva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
The State ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Complex Problems ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Statistical Indicators

The study is devoted to the analysis of the balance sheet profit of the leading companies in the oil and gas industry. The types of profits were considered, as well as the dynamics of the changes in indicators affecting their formation were analyzed. In addition, the article considers the composition and struc-ture of the balance sheet profit, factors affecting its size. Based on the financial statements of the companies, an idea of the state of profit in the companies «Rosneft», «Lukoil», «Gazprom» and «Tatneft» has been com-piled. The paper analyzes quantitative statistical indicators that reflect the results achieved from 2016–2020.

scholarly journals MONETARY DISCRETION BY FISCAL MEANS: THE CASE OF BULGARIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preslav Dimitrov ◽  
Ivan Todorov ◽  
Stoyan Tanchev ◽  
Petar Yurukov
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Liquidity Effect ◽  
Currency Board ◽  
Automatic Adjustment ◽  
Adjustment Mechanism ◽  
Study Results ◽  
National Bank ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reserve Ratio

The specific design of the Bulgarian currency board arrangement (CBA), which provides an opportunity for the Bulgarian government to conduct discretionary monetary policy by changes in the fiscal reserve, was analyzed. The impact of government deposit fluctuations on the dynamics of reserve money and interbank interest rates was investigated. The hypotheses of an automatic adjustment mechanism and a liquidity effect under the Bulgarian currency board arrangement were tested. The methodology employed was a vector autoregression, which included the following variables: MB – monetary base; BP – the balance of payments; GD – government deposit on the balance sheet of the Issue Department of the Bulgarian National Bank; MRR – minimum required reserve ratio of commercial banks. The target variable was MB. Monthly data for the period of January 1998 - December 2018 were used. The study results did not provide evidence of a statistically significant impact of changes in government deposit on reserve money and interbank interest rates. The hypotheses for the existence of an automatic adjustment mechanism and a liquidity effect did not find an empirical confirmation.

scholarly journals CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT IN THE SECONDARY MARKET FOR AUTOMOTIVE PARTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA

2017 ◽  
pp. 133-147
Keyword(s):  
Credit Risk ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
The State ◽  
Secondary Market ◽  
Credit Risk Management ◽  
Organic Growth ◽  
Fundamental Cause ◽  
Automotive Parts ◽  
The Republic

In recent years, there has been a dramatic decrease in the sale of new automobiles on the market of the Republic of Croatia. When considering certain periods, the sale reached its peak in 2008, with 88,265 vehicles sold. In 2013, the sale was reduced by 68.5%, and 27,802 vehicles were sold. 2014 and 2015 saw a slight recovery with 35,715 vehicles sold. This increase was related to the fact that the state, through certain ministries, bought new automobiles and thus made 20% of the above-mentioned number. Devastation in the market of new automobiles was accompanied by an increase in the sale of used vehicles, both in the country (which was caused by the fact that vehicle lease agreements of the State Administration expired, replaced by the above-mentioned share in the sales of new vehicles) and from abroad. This caused an increase in the average vehicle age in the Republic of Croatia. Consequently, the secondary market for automotive parts has been experiencing organic growth at high rates, thus determining obvious propulsiveness. The five largest companies in the secondary market for automotive parts in the Republic of Croatia generate annual revenue of HRK 1,253,655,892 (EUR 166423) through wholesale and retail. As the result of these sales methods, we have a very diverse client base in all the major companies on the market with the fundamental problem of credit risk, mainly due to the fact that the highest percentage of revenue is generated through operations with automobile repair workshops, whose balance sheet indicators are extremely poor. In such circumstances, it is essential to use a more serious approach to the problem of determining clients’ creditworthiness, as the basis for better liquidity. This paper presents a model for the assessment of clients’ creditworthiness, as a possible solution to the problem of illiquidity in the Croatian secondary market for automotive parts. The model provides for the establishment of the client base, with a combination of elements of qualitative analysis and financial and quantitative analysis to assess credit risk, as well as continuous monitoring of the base. By applying this model, the credit risk of every client, as the fundamental cause of illiquidity in this sector, would be noticed on time and measures for its reduction would be taken.

Kazakhstan Ministry of Finance and National Bank of Kazakhstan v. Ascom Group SA, Anatolie Stati, Gabriel Stati, Terra Raf Trans Traiding Ltd

2021 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 387-413
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Central Bank ◽  
International Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Customary International Law ◽  
State Immunity ◽  
National Bank ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
Ministry Of Finance

387State immunity — Immunity from execution — Customary international law — United Nations Convention on Jurisdictional Immunities of States and Their Property, 2004 — Articles 19 and 21 — Whether property of a State central bank immune from measures of constraintArbitration — Post-Award enforcement — Attachment — Whether property of a State central bank immune from attachment in satisfaction of an arbitral award rendered against the State — The law of Sweden

scholarly journals BALANCE SHEET EFFECT SEBAGAI PENENTU DETERMINAN STRUKTUR MODAL ENAM BURSA EFEK PADA NEGARA-NEGARA ASEAN

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Zainal Abidin Sahabuddin ◽  
Stevanus Adree Cipto Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Capital Structure ◽  
Firm Growth ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
The State ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Tax Shield ◽  
Debt Tax Shield ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
The Capital Structure

<span>Balance sheet effect is due to the relationship between the external and internal<br /><span>factors. The purpose of this study is to obtain the result: firm size, firm growth, financial <span>risk, asset structure, non debt tax shield on capital structure; influence of internal <span>factors, the influence of internal and external factors of the company’s capital structure. <span>The research was conducted in countries of ASEAN<span>6<span>, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, <span>Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam. Unit of analysis of this study is that corporations have huge capitalization in 2008 until 2011. Data analysis using regression method Simultaneous and panels. The results showed: the size of the company has a<br />positive and significant impact on the capital structure for ASEAN6 countries; growth has a negative and significant impact on the capital structure in the country of Malaysia, the Philippines, and Thailand; financial risk has a negative and significant impact on the capital structure in Singapore , asset structure has a positive and significant impact on the capital structure for Singapore, Malaysia, and the Philippines; non-debt tax shield and a significant negative effect on the capital structure for the State of Indonesia<br />and Malaysia, the interest rate has no significant effect on the capital structure in cASEAN 6 countries; foreign exchange rate has a positive and significant effect for the Philippines; rate of inflation on capital structure has a negative and significant impact to the state of Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam while Malaysia, Thailand and Singapore have a positive and significant impact; economic growth on the capital structure has a negative and significant impact to the state of Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam while Negara Malaysia, Thailand and Singapore have a positive and significant impact; contained internal influence on the capital structure for six ASEAN countries; There are internal and external influences on capital structure for ASEAN6<br />countries.<br />Keywords: Balance Sheet Effect, Internal and external factors, and capital structure.<br /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>

scholarly journals Economic and legal support for the process of bankruptcy prevention and liquidation of business entities

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Nataliia ARTAMONOVA
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
The State ◽  
Future Assessment ◽  
Economic Justification ◽  
Zone Of Influence ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Internal Potential

Introduction. One of the most important indicators of the country's economic development is the level of growth in the number of financially insolvent, bankrupt and liquidated enterprises, because the interests of the state, business and the individual are in the zone of influence and attention. The purpose of the paper is to assess the legal changes in the legislation of Ukraine on the application of bankruptcy procedures and presents the economic justification and methodical implementation of a set of tools for timely detection of insolvency, their current and future assessment to prevent bankruptcy and liquidation of business entities. Results. The data of the State Statistics Service on the increase in the number of insolvent enterprises in 2020 are presented. The systematization of methods and tools for timely detection of insolvency in the context of legal innovations is proposed, thanks to the introduction of tools for testing, labeling, ranking. The testing program for early diagnosis of bankruptcy provides for the calculation of indicators to assess the structure of the balance sheet; opportunities to restore solvency and the ability to neutralize the threat of bankruptcy due to the internal potential of the enterprise. The system of markers and indicators is used to determine the creditworthiness of the enterprise and for self-analysis, when considering alternative sources of financing to avoid the threat of bankruptcy. Rating is used to definitively determine the level of financial stability or insolvency of the enterprise. Conclusion. This tools should be used at different stages: both at the pre-crisis stage, to prevent the possibility of financial deterioration, and at the crisis and post-crisis stages, to assess the effectiveness of the enterprise and the likelihood of early detection of bankruptcy.

scholarly journals Research on the legal status of the national digital currency Karbo: the state and the prospects

2019 ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Larysa OSTROVERKH ◽  
Yurii SHANDRENKO
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Market Price ◽  
The State ◽  
Electronic Money ◽  
Virtual Currency ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
National Bank ◽  
The Relationship

The article explores the phenomenon of the development of virtual currencies and their growing popularity, resulting in a natural imbalance when innovations in the field of economy outstripped the development of legislation governing the relationship between entities in the field of calculations and payments. This led to the lack of a common understanding of the legal status of cryptocurrency and the methods of its regulation at the current stage of economic relations and global technologies, which caused the world community the problem of determining the legal status of cryptocurrency, which arose from the evolution of money and the emergence of new structured financial products. For Ukraine, as for most countries in the world, the global digital economy remains an area with undiscovered potential, since the National Bank of Ukraine does not recognize cryptocurrencies with either electronic money, money surrogates or other legal means of payment and does not recommend using them as such, but, in addition, it does not prohibit their use. Evidence of NBU's desire to keep up with current global trends was the emergence in May 2016 of the first Ukrainian «Karbowanec» cryptocurrency (after the Karbo rebranding in September 2017), which prompted many financial agents to ask whether – «Can you trust Karbo?» and «What is Karbo better than other cryptocurrencies?». Karbo is positioned as an alternative to low volatility settlement, designed for calculations and real use with new cryptocurrency ways of regulating money supply and market price. However, the question remains open – should the state recognize cryptocurrency as a digital (virtual) currency, or as a means of exchange or payment, or as other digital or intangible assets, or as property rights, etc., to introduce a method of accounting and regulate the system of taxation of transactions with it?

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