scholarly journals Research on the legal status of the national digital currency Karbo: the state and the prospects

2019 ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Larysa OSTROVERKH ◽  
Yurii SHANDRENKO
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Market Price ◽  
The State ◽  
Electronic Money ◽  
Virtual Currency ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
National Bank ◽  
The Relationship

The article explores the phenomenon of the development of virtual currencies and their growing popularity, resulting in a natural imbalance when innovations in the field of economy outstripped the development of legislation governing the relationship between entities in the field of calculations and payments. This led to the lack of a common understanding of the legal status of cryptocurrency and the methods of its regulation at the current stage of economic relations and global technologies, which caused the world community the problem of determining the legal status of cryptocurrency, which arose from the evolution of money and the emergence of new structured financial products. For Ukraine, as for most countries in the world, the global digital economy remains an area with undiscovered potential, since the National Bank of Ukraine does not recognize cryptocurrencies with either electronic money, money surrogates or other legal means of payment and does not recommend using them as such, but, in addition, it does not prohibit their use. Evidence of NBU's desire to keep up with current global trends was the emergence in May 2016 of the first Ukrainian «Karbowanec» cryptocurrency (after the Karbo rebranding in September 2017), which prompted many financial agents to ask whether – «Can you trust Karbo?» and «What is Karbo better than other cryptocurrencies?». Karbo is positioned as an alternative to low volatility settlement, designed for calculations and real use with new cryptocurrency ways of regulating money supply and market price. However, the question remains open – should the state recognize cryptocurrency as a digital (virtual) currency, or as a means of exchange or payment, or as other digital or intangible assets, or as property rights, etc., to introduce a method of accounting and regulate the system of taxation of transactions with it?

scholarly journals Official Reporting of Religious Organizations as a Source of Empirical Data on the Activities of the Church: Some Questions of Theory and Practice of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Sweden

2020 ◽  
pp. 135-145
Author(s):  
O. A. Balabeikina ◽  
N. M. Mezhevich ◽  
A. A. Iankovskaia
Keyword(s):  
Academic Research ◽  
Partial Solution ◽  
The State ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Reference Case ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Church

The relevance of any material offered to the scientific and expert community depends on many factors. Objectively, the presence of this or that issue in the center of public attention has a positive effect on the actualization of this or that article. However, there is an obvious danger. Academic approaches that accidentally find themselves in resonance with global trends can fall victim to political conjuncture. Relevance in this case can fall victim to the political moment. Moreover, this or that topic, being in the center of public discussion, negatively affects the academic understanding of the problem. All this fully relates to the question of the relationship between the state and the church in modern Europe and Russia.A few words about global trends. Their essence boils down to the growing confrontation between supporters of new ideological approaches and traditionalists, among whom are many adherents.The relationship between religion and the state testifies to the fact that states and societies have not yet learned to draw an effective line between their interests and those of adherents. This fact presupposes careful state and public participation in the affairs of the church. However, acknowledging this circumstance is not enough. The state must clearly know what, where and how is happening in the church sphere of the life of society in cases where church affairs can affect public and state security.It is also known that almost all the leading churches, to a greater or lesser extent, provide official reporting to the state. However, working with this reporting, its scientific analysis is not always representative.Objective. The presented article is aimed at a partial solution of the problem of increasing the effectiveness of academic research of the church` activities. Moreover, it is made based on official church statistics.The author’s position is the following. States and societies have no right to let go of this vital sphere of life. The functions of the state, in this case, are at least controlling. The ineffective execution of its functions by the state can be revealed in many countries of the world. The situation in France is nothing more than a reference case of a problem that, to one degree or another, exists in most of the countries of the world, which are distinguished by ethnic and confessional heterogeneity.

scholarly journals THE POSSIBILITIES OF USING INVESTMENT TOOLS BASED ON CRYPTOCURRENCY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Bondarenko ◽  
Oksana Kichuk ◽  
Andrii Antonov
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
International Experience ◽  
The State ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Grey Zone ◽  
Electronic Money ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The World ◽  
Scientific Technical

The international experience of various countries of the world in the implementation, usage, and economic and legal status of cryptocurrency is compared in this research. The advantages and disadvantages of using cryptocurrency at the present stage of economic and scientific-technical development of Ukraine are considered. The results of the research of the awareness of market participants regarding the advantages and disadvantages of cryptocurrency and the presence of interest in the usage of cryptocurrency are given. The aim of this article is to study the possibilities of using cryptocurrency for economic development. The object of the research is the process of using cryptocurrency in the market in Ukraine, taking into account world experience. Practical implications. The results of a study of the demand for cryptocurrency in Ukraine. The research was conducted with the help of a questionnaire, as a result of which it was found out: the level of awareness of cryptocurrency; subjective perception of cryptocurrency; sources of awareness of cryptocurrency; the presence of the potential interest of Ukrainians in the acquisition of cryptocurrency. It was found what exactly Ukrainians consider the main advantages and disadvantages of cryptocurrency. Value/originality. Cryptocurrency as a means of payment and a type of electronic money is found in the most countries of the world in the “grey” zone, and regulators, if not prohibit, then at least do not recommend citizens to invest in such assets. However, the state of science and technology development of blockchain technologies, which are the basis of cryptocurrency, and the state of demand for cryptocurrency in the Ukrainian market are ready to use cryptocurrency. For the effective implementation of cryptocurrency, Ukraine lacks only the normative framework. Developing a regulatory framework in this area will help to bring cryptocurrency markets to stability. The introduction of international experience in the usage of cryptocurrency in Ukraine, the creation of own model of behaviour will be the first step towards building a transparent and understandable cryptocurrency market, which will lead to the development of the economy as a whole.

scholarly journals Virtual Currencies: Distribution and Prerequisites for Recognition

2019 ◽  
pp. 165-169
Author(s):  
A. Malynovska
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Unified Approach ◽  
Electronic Money ◽  
Virtual Currency ◽  
The World ◽  
Problematic Issue ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Economic Nature

The article discusses the theoretical and methodological principles of recognition of the economic nature of virtual currencies and analyzes the use of technologies on which it is built in everyday life. The present time is significantly different from the previous: the world is ruled by technology, and commodity is information. In this environment, virtual currencies were born and actively used. This is especially true not only of the cryptocurrency, but also of the processes on which it is built. Cryptocurrencies are actively spreading, with their number increasing to more than two thousand types of virtual currencies during their existence. Despite this popularity, cryptocurrency transactions are not regulated in most countries of the world. Therefore, the legal status of virtual currencies remains a problematic issue not only for Ukraine, but in other countries of the world. The lack of legal regulation of virtual currencies has led to an increase in illegal, shadow transactions, the tool for which has become a cryptocurrency, since transactions conducted with it can not be tracked. In the world, different approaches to determining the economic nature of virtual currency, it is defined as electronic money, virtual goods, property, virtual currency, means of payment. The lack of a unified approach to interpreting the economic nature of virtual currencies complicates accounting for transactions with them. The article is based on an analysis of approaches to determining the economic nature of virtual currencies and the technologies on which they are based. Keywords cryptocurrencies, virtual currencies, Blockchain, mining.

“The Old Settlers Have Bred a Great Quantity of Slaves”

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Paugh
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Legal Case ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Status Of Women

The prospect of legalizing Afro-Caribbean marriage in order to promote fertility raised troubling issues for abolitionist reformers. The previously obscure legal case of Mary Hylas illustrates the legal quagmire created by the uncertain legal status of women who were both married and enslaved. Mary was an enslaved Afro-Barbadian woman who traveled to England with her mistress; while there, she married an Afro-Caribbean man. After her return to Barbados, Mary’s husband sued for her return on the basis that, as her husband, he had greater claim to her person than her master. This case, and the closely related Somerset case, resulted in a legal fracas in which abolitionist and pro-planter lawyers each struggled to define the relationship between marriage and slavery. Mary’s story thus allows us to think more deeply about the world of problems that British reformers faced as they contemplated promoting fertility among the enslaved by encouraging Christian marriage.

Business education: global trends and prospect

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S1) ◽  
pp. 478-487
Author(s):  
Sergey Nikolaevich Kosnikov ◽  
Natalya Vladimirovna Shershukova ◽  
Ilya Valerievich Sorgutov ◽  
Tatyana Viktorovna Bessonova ◽  
Elena Alexandrovna Kobets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Business Education ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
International Business Education ◽  
Foreign Exchanges

Business education in the world is developing at a fairly high pace. The reason for this is the possibility of exchanging experience between different countries in the field of entrepreneurial technologies, as well as the need to improve the relationship between the "scientific minds" of different countries. In this regard, the leading educational institutions of the world develop and implement various training programs aimed at improving the skills of students in the field of marketing, management, the world economy, as well as international economic relations. International business education should be studied from the perspective of measuring the effect of internationalization of business schools and training programs by offering international training courses, foreign exchanges, subsidiaries, knowledge exports, various types of cooperation.

scholarly journals AT THE SERVICE OF THE COMMUNITY, CAUSE OR CAPITAL: alternative journalistic arrangements to the major media corporations in Santa Catarina

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 336-375
Author(s):  
Andressa Kikuti Dancosky ◽  
Jacques Mick ◽  
Dairan Mathias Paul ◽  
Suelyn Cristina Carneiro da Luz ◽  
Alessandra Natasha Costa Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
The State ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
Media Corporations

ABSTRACT – This paper presents the results of research on journalistic economic alternative arrangements to the major media corporations in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. It draws a profile of 20 arrangements identified through combined research techniques (snowball and questionnaire), characterizing them from three central axes: 1) “what is journalistic” in the journalistic arrangements (defining aspects of the type of journalism that is produced – or “markers”) and considerations about the world of work of the people in charge of these arrangements; 2) organization and production process (publication regimes, target audience, independence, and alternativeness); and 3) innovation and sustainability (if the arrangements consider themselves as entrepreneurial and innovative, what their legal status is and how they are financially sustained). The results point to three ideal types of journalistic arrangements, identified by their different bonds with the capital, their communities, or their political causes. Each ideal type corresponds to a distinct understanding of what journalism is and to distinct governance practices. Without constituting consolidated models, these types respond, each one in its way, to the structural changes that occur in the profession.RESUMO – Este artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa sobre arranjos econômicos de jornalismo alternativos às grandes corporações de mídia no estado de Santa Catarina. Traça um perfil de 20 arranjos identificados por meio de técnicas combinadas de pesquisa (bola de neve e questionário), caracterizando-os a partir de três eixos centrais: 1) “o que há de jornalístico” nos arranjos jornalísticos (aspectos definidores do tipo de jornalismo produzido – ou “marcadores”) e considerações sobre o mundo do trabalho de seus e suas responsáveis; 2) organização e processo produtivo (regimes de publicação, públicos-alvo, relações de independência e alternatividade); e 3) inovação e sustentabilidade (se os arranjos consideram-se empreendedores e inovadores, quais seus status jurídicos e como se sustentam). Os resultados apontam para três tipos ideais de arranjos jornalísticos, identificados por suas diferentes conexões com o capital, as comunidades ou as causas políticas. Cada tipo ideal corresponde a um entendimento diferente do que é o jornalismo e a distintas práticas de governança. Esses tipos, sem constituírem ainda modelos consolidados, respondem, cada qual a seu modo, às mudanças estruturais do ofício.RESUMEN – Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación sobre proyectos económicos de periodismo alternativos a las principales corporaciones mediáticas en el estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Se dibuja un perfil de 20 proyectos identificados por técnicas de investigación articuladas (bola de nieve y cuestionario), caracterizándolos desde tres ejes centrales: 1) “qué hay de periodístico” en los proyectos periodísticos (aspectos definidores del tipo de periodismo producido – o “marcadores”) y consideraciones sobre el mundo laboral de sus responsables; 2) organización y proceso de producción (regímenes de publicación, públicos objetivo, relaciones de independencia y alternatividad); y 3) innovación y sostenibilidad (si los proyectos se consideran emprendedores e innovadores, cuál es su estatus legal y cómo se mantienen). Los resultados apuntan a tres tipos ideales de proyectos periodísticos, identificados por sus distintas conexiones con el capital, las comunidades o las causas políticas. Cada tipo ideal corresponde a una comprensión diferente de lo que es el periodismo y diferentes prácticas de gobernanza. Estos tipos, sin ser modelos aún consolidados, responden, cada uno a su manera, a los cambios estructurales de la profesión.

scholarly journals ‎ Sudan’s accession to the World Trade Organization and its impact on the proceeds of tax and customs revenues (Field study): انضمام السودان لمنظمة التجارة العالمية وأثره على حصيلة الإيرادات الضريبية والجمركية (دراسة ميدانية)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelsalam Awad Khair Elseed
Keyword(s):  
World Trade Organization ◽  
World Trade ◽  
The State ◽  
Hypotheses Testing ◽  
The World ◽  
Control Procedures ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Correct Implementation ◽  
Public Revenues

The study aimed to recognize the extent of Sudan government interest with increasing its public revenues through its quest to join world trade organization, to study the relationship between join world trade organization and increasing the tax and customs revenues for the state. The study adopted descriptive approach to analyze study’s data and hypotheses testing. The study found several results, among which is that, join world trade organization impacts on tax and customs revenues through tax facilities and customs’ reductions which provided by joining the organization, implementing principles of cancels customs tariff according to world trade organization requirements impacts public revenues of the state. The study recommended many recommendations, among which is that, Sudanese government should do more efforts towards complete obligation of implementing World trade organization’s guidance, increasing custom’s control procedures to ensure correct implementation for world trade organization’s articles that concern customs performance.

scholarly journals Features of Inheritance of Cryptocurrency Assets

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-122
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Omelchuk ◽  
Inna Iliopol ◽  
Snizhanna Alina
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Electronic Money ◽  
Applicable Law ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
The World ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Made In

The article analyzes the legal nature and specific of legal regulation of cryptocurrency in order to reveal the features of inheritance of cryptocurrency assets. The article aims to reveal whether it is possible to inherit cryptocurrency in terms of the existent legislation and if so, what kind of peculiarities of cryptocurrency should be considered. The financial and legal nature of cryptocurrency are described in the article. The main differences between cryptocurrency and traditional electronic money are revealed. The current legislation of Ukraine and some European countries on cryptocurrency legal status is analyzed. It is stated, that in most countries of the world, cryptocurrency is not considered to be money or currency, but rather a kind of property. It is noted, that while solving the issue of inclusion of cryptocurrency assets in the legacy, it is necessary to take into account the functional features of cryptocurrencies in general and the specifics of a particular type of cryptocurrency. Most of the benefits of cryptocurrencies for their owner (such as anonymous character) are obstacles to their inheritance according to the procedures provided by applicable law. The classification of the methods of inheritance of cryptocurrency assets is made in the article. The differences in the inheritance of cryptocurrency and tokens are revealed.

Symbolic Goods in Israeli Posters

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-120
Author(s):  
Michal Pal Bracha
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
The State ◽  
Jewish Tradition ◽  
The World ◽  
Zionist Movement ◽  
Study Case ◽  
Bible Stories ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
State Of Israel ◽  
Over Time

"This article deals with symbolic goods in posters in Israel from the period before the establishment of the state to the present day. The poster and the symbolic goods that appear in it, serve as an agent of ideological companies. In this study, I will examine the nature of the relationship between the symbolic goods and the Zionist-Israeli ideology, by comparing the symbolic goods represented in them over time and space. The questions the research asks are: What are the contribution and importance of symbolic goods as an ideological tool in Israeli posters? Has the world of symbolic goods that served Zionist ideology origin or been borrowed from other ideologies? The methodology is Qualitative research by: study case, Visual – genealogical. The conclusions of the study indicate the importance of the symbolic goods in the foundation of the State of Israel by posters and other media. The symbolic goods that characterize the posters in Israel, consist in part of content related to Jewish tradition and religion (Bible stories and myths) and its other part is influenced by the symbolic goods appropriated from ideologies around the globe. Keywords: Symbolic Goods, Posters, Marketing, Ideology, Zionist Movement, Israel. "

Who Lives Well in the Global Village?

2017 ◽  
pp. 143-185
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Market Potential ◽  
Global Village ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
World Markets ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Companies ◽  
National Champions ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
And Behavior

Global companies, transforming their own environment of functioning, are oriented first of all on changing the logic of classical capitalistic relations and behavior. In this context, these companies are trying to implement their strategies of corporate social responsibility which is essentially an additional socialized instrument limiting the regulative competences of the state. In this chapter, we assess the potential prospects of non-regulated globalization which today takes into account only the corporate interests of the largest businesses, in particular, those interests which eventually may lead to the world division into its incorporated and non-incorporated parts. This, in turn, will lead to the situation when the world markets of mass consumption are not connected at all to the local markets of resources and production factors. In the final part of this chapter we also make an attempt to present some sort of an alternative to the globalized concept – development of self-sufficient economy. The latter does not fully exclude external economic relations as such and/or exploitation of market potential or resources from foreign states. However, this self-sufficient economy makes national economic policy much more socially oriented (aiming at fairness and social justice). At the same time, it is also more expansionary when it comes to external policy (that is, aimed at “grooming” highly competitive so-called national champions, the expansion of which at the world markets must be fully supported by the state).

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