scholarly journals Prevalence estimates of depression in elderly community-dwelling African Americans in Indianapolis and Yoruba in Ibadan, Nigeria

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 679-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olusegun Baiyewu ◽  
Valerie Smith-Gamble ◽  
Kathleen A. Lane ◽  
Oye Gureje ◽  
Sujuan Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Screening Interview ◽  
Ibadan Nigeria

Background: This is a community-based longitudinal epidemiological comparative study of elderly African Americans in Indianapolis and elderly Yoruba in Ibadan, Nigeria.Method: A two-stage study was designed in which community-based individuals were first screened using the Community Screening Interview for Dementia. The second stage was a full clinical assessment, which included use of the Geriatric Depression Scale, of a smaller sub-sample of individuals selected on the basis of their performance in the screening interview. Prevalence of depression was estimated using sampling weights according to the sampling stratification scheme for clinical assessment.Results: Some 2627 individuals were evaluated at the first stage in Indianapolis and 2806 in Ibadan. All were aged 69 years and over. Of these, 451 (17.2%) underwent clinical assessment in Indianapolis, while 605 (21.6%) were assessed in Ibadan. The prevalence estimates of both mild and severe depression were similar for the two sites (p = 0.1273 and p = 0.7093): 12.3% (mild depression) and 2.2% (severe depression) in Indianapolis and 19.8% and 1.6% respectively in Ibadan. Some differences were identified in association with demographic characteristics; for example, Ibadan men had a significantly higher prevalence of mild depression than Indianapolis men (p < 0.0001). Poor cognitive performance was associated with significantly higher rates of depression in Yoruba (p = 0.0039).Conclusion: Prevalence of depression was similar for elderly African Americans and Yoruba despite considerable socioeconomic and cultural differences between these populations.

scholarly journals Prevalence of depression in residents of gerontology centre in Sarajevo

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Jasmina Mahmutović ◽  
Aida Rudić ◽  
Fatima Jusupović ◽  
Arzija Pašalić ◽  
Refet Gojak
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Health State ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Third Age ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Third Age Of Life

Introduction: Depressive disorder, as a major problem of public health, takes high fourth place in its prevalence in general population, and is considered to be the second most frequent health problem of femalepopulation. Depression is the most frequent mental problem of persons in their third age of life. The aim of this study is to evaluate prevalence of depression and establish the ratio between the current number ofdiagnosed and of unrecognised depression among the residents of Gerontology Centre in Sarajevo.Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study undertaken throughout May and June 2011 on the sample of 150 residents of “The Gerontology Centre“ in Sarajevo that were above 65 years of age. The following instruments were used for the research: the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), modified questionnaire consisting of two parts (general data and data related to health state), and the medical records of the residents. For statistic analysis of data was used the SPSS program for Windows.Results: According to GDS, prevalence of depression was 65.3%, out of which mild depression occurred in 46.7% cases and severe depression in 18.7%. The prevalence of verified (diagnosed) depression was 11.3per cents.Conclusions: According to the GD scale, unrecognised depressions seem to be almost six times more frequent (65.3:11%) than is the case with depressions diagnosed in medical records of the protégées of theGerontology Centre in Sarajevo. Timely recognition of depression and its treating in institutions for protection of health of persons in third age of life can substantially improve the quality of life of these patients.

scholarly journals A study on prevalence of depression in patients of vitiligo in tertiary care centre in South India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Sneha R. Rathi ◽  
Ambresh S. Badad ◽  
Ashok S. Hogade
Keyword(s):  
South India ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Emotional Stimuli ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Skin is an organ that has a primary function in tactile receptivity and reacts directly upon emotional stimuli. The effects on the quality of life as a result of acquiring vitiligo is highlighted.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 100 patients with vitiligo were included in this study. A survey was done on the basis of Hamilton score of depression (HAM-D) having 17 different points that were supposed to be asked.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The majority of the patients in this study were in 3<sup>rd</sup> to 5<sup>th </sup>decade. Mean age is 42 years. Of these, males were 44 and females were 56. Of these, 25 (25%) patients did not show any signs of depression, 45 (45%) patients showed mild depression, 20 (20%) patients showed moderate depression and 10 (10%) patients showed severe depression on HAM-D scale.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Vitiligo is a secondary psychocutaneous disorder which definitely has psychiatric co morbidity inthe form of depression. Treatment of vitiligo should include psychiatric counselling along with specific treatment.</p>

scholarly journals Assessing depression, anxiety, stress and associated factors during COVID-19 lockdown among adult population in Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Kawthar Al Saleh ◽  
Hajer Al Nasser ◽  
Kawthar Al Harabah ◽  
Zainab Al Orefan ◽  
Ola Mousa
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
The Impact

Background: Depression, anxiety, and stress are challenging constraints that can greatly affect mental well-being leading to social, occupational, and physical impairments. Lockdown and social distancing have come to be the norms for preventing and controlling COVID-19, however maintaining these preventive measures for months could add to the burden of mental health. This study aims to assess the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress during COVID-19 lockdown and to identify associated factors among adult individuals in Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.Methods: The study utilized a quantitative descriptive design and data were gathered by means of online survey during the 10th week of lockdown. The survey contained demographic queries and other questions helping in identifying possible factors that may led to the three stressors along with DASS-21. A total of 1874 respondents participated in the study. Results: Results revealed the prevalence of depression was (55.2%), anxiety was (64.5%) and stress was (45%), with degrees ranging from mild to extremely severe. Age was noted to negatively correlate with depression, anxiety and stress. The prevalence of DAS is found to be positively correlated with having a family history of depression or anxiety. Additionally, having chronic illnesses has been noted to have a positive relationship with both anxiety and stress. Taking care of an elderly or sick family member have a positive correlation with anxiety.Conclusions: This study highlights the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on depression, anxiety and stress levels among adult population. The findings of this study revealed mild depression, moderate anxiety and mild stress. In more details, near to third of respondents were having moderate to extremely severe depression level. Participants with moderate to extremely severe anxiety comprised nearly half of the sample and one third of respondents were having moderate to extremely severe stress. 

The prevalence of depression in patients with cushing’s syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 620-620
Author(s):  
R. Danciulescu Miulescu ◽  
M.E. Calarasu ◽  
R.I. Rosca ◽  
S. Danoiu
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Cushing’S Syndrome ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Cushing's Syndrome ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Concomitant Medications

Background and aimsCushing's patients demonstrate major depression more than any other medical condition. Major depression is a common, complication of Cushing’s syndrome, with no significant differences between pituitary -dependent and -independent forms. The aims of the study is to estimate the prevalence of depression in patients with Cushing’s syndrome.Materials and methods23 patients with Cushing’s syndrome (14 with pituitary-dependent and 9 with pititary-independent forms) were recruited for this study. The subjects were between 52 and 67 years. Patients were screened initially with a questionnaire detailing their age, medical history, concomitant medications. The Zung self-rating depression scale was used to assess depressive symptomatology. It contains 20 items: index scores below 50 reflect no depression, 50–59 reflect mild depression, 60–69 reflect marked to moderate depression and scores of ≥ 70 reflect severe to extreme depression. Results were compared with measurements in 21 subjects without Cushing’s syndrome.ResultsThe prevalence of depression in patients with Cushing’s syndrome was 52.17% (12 patients). 2 patients (2 women) present mild depression and 10 patients (9 women and 1 men) present moderate or severe depression. Moderate or severe depression was significantly associated with older age, female sex, relatively more severe clinical condition. The prevalence of depression in 21 subjects without Cushing’s syndrome was 4.76% (1 women with mild depression).ConclusionThis study showed that patients with Cushing’s syndrome have a greater a risk of depression than people without Cushing’s syndrome. Patients with Cushing’s syndrome should be routinely screened and adequately treated for depression.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF DEPRESSION IN MEDICAL STUDENTS AT RAWAL INSTITUTE OF HEALTH SCIENCES, ISLAMABAD

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Uzma Hassan ◽  
Naila Azam ◽  
Ayesha Farooq ◽  
Najm US Saqib Khan
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Common Mental Disorder ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Moderate Depression ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

Background: Depression is a common mental disorder, a reason of disability and can lead to suicidal tendency. It is a major contributor to the global burden of disease, causing more than 350 million, all age people suffering from depression. Medical Institute is a stressful and competitive atmosphere so the medical students have to make a lot of personal and social sacrifice to retain respectable educational grades. This pressure may result in an extensive range of psychological ailments like depression, tension and anxiety. Objective: To determine the prevalence of depression in medical students at Rawal Institute of Health Sciences, Islamabad. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted over six months using the non-probability convenience method of sampling. Total 100 students from different classes of 1st to 5th year MBBS were included. A close ended questionnaire was used by interview method and response was noted against thirteen study variables related to symptoms of depression. The prevalence of depression in students was calculated based on the ICD-10 criteria; according to which they were categorized as "no depression" having less than four symptoms, "mild depression" having four symptoms, "moderate depression" having four to six symptoms and "severe depression" having seven or more symptoms. Results: Out of 100 students 55% students were suffering from depression: among which 15 % were having mild depression, 23 % had moderate depression and 17 % had severe depression. It was more common among female students, residing in hostels. Conclusion: The results depicted that there is high prevalence of depression in medical students, more among female students. This study sets an important groundwork for more elaborate and extensive future studies. It is recommended that the Institutes should have comprehensive educational programs, regarding preventive measures about mental health syndromes, and implementation of rehabilitative approaches in this regard.

scholarly journals Depression Among Non-Cancer Chronic Pain Patients at a Tertiary Hospital in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar Muniandy ◽  
T Kumaravadivel Dharmalingam
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Pain Clinic ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Queen Elizabeth Hospital ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Chronic Pain Patients ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Pain Patients

INTRODUCTION: Pain is as important public health concern. Chronic pain patients most frequently present with depression, and this needed to be treated. The aim of the study was to find the prevalence of depression among non-cancer chronic pain patients attending a Pain Clinic in Malaysia, and discuss possible treatment methods to help these patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Inclusion criteria were all non- cancer chronic pain patients who visited the Pain Clinic of Queen Elizabeth Hospital (QEH), Kota Kinabalu, Sabah from 2013 till 2017. All patients were required to fill a PainDetect form and a Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). RESULTS: Two hundred and fifty-four patient’s case notes were analysed. The results show that 29.6 % patients had mild depression, with 34.4% of patients had moderate to severe depression. There was a significant correlation between pain scores and depression. There was also a significant correlation between PainDetect scores and depression. CONCLUSION: There is a high prevalence of depression among non-cancer chronic pain patients. This study shows that psychological treatment for all chronic pain patients is needed.

scholarly journals A cross sectional study on the prevalence and factors associated with geriatric depression in an urban slum of Davangere city

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1197
Author(s):  
Ruchi Dhar ◽  
Vidya G. S. ◽  
Ritu Kashyap
Keyword(s):  
Urban Slum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

Background: Various community-based studies have revealed that the prevalence of depression in geriatric population in India varies between 13% and 25%. In spite of the magnitude of this problem there are very few studies from India investigating geriatric depression and its associated risk factors. This study aims to establish the prevalence, socio- demographic correlates and factors associated with geriatric depression in an urban slum of Davangere city. Objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of depression and its association with socio- demographic factors among the geriatric population in an urban slum of Davangere city.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted from June to November 2016, among the geriatric people residing in an urban slum (Mustafanagar) of Davangere city. A house to house survey was done and all the geriatric people willing to participate in the study were selected and assessed for depression using the Geriatric Depression Scale.Results: In this study the prevalence of depression was found to be 39% among the elderly, of which 33% had mild depression and 6% had severe depression.Conclusions: In this study it was found that the prevalence of depression was higher among those who were widowed and those who were living alone. It was also more among the people belonging to Class V Socio-economic status (Modified B.G Prasad Classification) and people suffering from a chronic illness.

scholarly journals Descriptive analysis of social determinant of mental health factors in an ethnically diverse Black adult population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aderonke O Bamgbose Pederson ◽  
Devan Hawkins ◽  
Lynette Lartey
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Black Population ◽  
Social Determinant ◽  
Medical Mistrust ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Black Adults ◽  
Stigma Behavior

Background: Black adults are often seen as homogeneous despite the diversity within the Black population across ethnicity. Understanding the heterogeneity within the Black population will help address mental health disparities. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study and analysis was conducted among Black adults in the United States (n = 269, ages 18-65) from diverse ethnic backgrounds (African-Americans, African immigrants, Afro-Caribbean immigrants). We calculated mean differences according to ethnicity, citizenship status, age group, and gender in the areas of medical mistrust, use of mental health services, depression symptom severity, mental health knowledge and stigma behavior. Results: African Americans with moderate to severe depression symptoms had greater stigma behavior (mean = 12.2, SD = 3.2), than African Americans who screened in the minimal to mild depression range (mean = 13.1, SD = 3.5). Black immigrants across the spectrum of depression scores had greater stigma than African Americans (p = 0.037). Participants who identified as male had a prevalence of mild depression (5-9) that was 1.7 times higher than those who identified as female. Whereas, those who identified as female had a prevalence that was 1.2 times higher for moderate to severe depression (10-19) and 4.7 times higher for severe depression (20-27) compared to males (p = 0.021). Non-United States citizens reported higher medical mistrust (mean value difference = 0.16) compared to United States citizens (p = 0.011). Conclusion: This study shows key variations across social determinant of mental health factors among Black adults.

scholarly journals A study on the prevalence of depression and the severity of depression in patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a semi-urban Indian population

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishekl Agarwal ◽  
Sakshi Batra ◽  
Rajendra Prasad ◽  
Anand Verma ◽  
Abdul Q. Jilani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Psychiatric Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Pulmonary Medicine ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Severity Of Depression

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the few respiratory diseases which is associated with a number of comorbidities. Psychiatric disease like depression is a very important comorbidity of COPD because it decreases the feeling of wellbeing in the patient and also interferes with the compliance with medication thereby increasing the risk of hospitalization in the COPD patient. A cross-sectional study was done for two years in the department of pulmonary medicine at Era’s Lucknow medical college and hospital, Lucknow. A total of 150 patients were enrolled for the study after a clinico-radiological screening for the diagnosis confirmed on spirometry. After the confirmation of the diagnosis of COPD in these patients, they were screened for depression using the PHQ-9 scale in our department of pulmonary medicine. The confirmation of the diagnosis of depression was done according to the ICD-10 guidelines for depression and the severity of depression was graded using HAM-D scale in the department of psychiatry at our institute. The most common age group enrolled in the study was 51-60 years of age (40.67%). One hundred and fifteen patients (76.7%) of the enrolled patients were smokers while the remaining 35 patients (23.3%) were non-smokers. Depression was found to be present in 46 out of the total 150 patients in the study. Thus, the prevalence of depression in our study was 30.67%. Depression was seen in COPD groups B,C and D. Out of the 46 patients of COPD with depression,18 had mild depression (39.13%), 26 had moderate depression (56.52%) and 2 had severe depression (4.35%). Hence, depression of all grades (i.e., mild, moderate and severe depression) is seen in COPD groups B, C and D.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Depression among Type 2 Diabetic Outpatients in Black Lion General Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tesfa Dejenie Habtewold ◽  
Yosef Tsige Radie ◽  
Nigussie Tadesse Sharew
Keyword(s):  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specialized Hospital ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background.The emotional consequences of diabetes have been scrutinized by a number of investigative teams and there are varying reports about the association of depression with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, there is limited data about this in Ethiopia. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of comorbid depression among type 2 diabetic outpatients.Methods and Materials.Institution based cross-sectional study design was conducted on a random sample of 276 type 2 diabetic outpatients from Black Lion General Specialized Hospital. Systematic random sampling technique was used to get these individual patients from 920 type 2 diabetic outpatients who have an appointment during the data collection period. Patients’ depression status was measured using Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ 9).Result.Totally 264 type 2 diabetic outpatients were interviewed with a response rate of 95.6%. The prevalence of depression among type 2 diabetic outpatients was 13%. Based on PHQ 9 score, 28.4% (75) fulfilled the criteria for mild depression, 12.1% (32) for moderate depression, 2.7% (7) for moderately severe depression, and 1.5% (4) for severe depression. But 45.8% (121) of patients had no clinically significant depression.Conclusion.This study demonstrated that depression is a common comorbid health problem in type 2 diabetic outpatients with a prevalence rate of 13%.

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