The prevalence of depression in patients with cushing’s syndrome

Background and aimsCushing's patients demonstrate major depression more than any other medical condition. Major depression is a common, complication of Cushing’s syndrome, with no significant differences between pituitary -dependent and -independent forms. The aims of the study is to estimate the prevalence of depression in patients with Cushing’s syndrome.Materials and methods23 patients with Cushing’s syndrome (14 with pituitary-dependent and 9 with pititary-independent forms) were recruited for this study. The subjects were between 52 and 67 years. Patients were screened initially with a questionnaire detailing their age, medical history, concomitant medications. The Zung self-rating depression scale was used to assess depressive symptomatology. It contains 20 items: index scores below 50 reflect no depression, 50–59 reflect mild depression, 60–69 reflect marked to moderate depression and scores of ≥ 70 reflect severe to extreme depression. Results were compared with measurements in 21 subjects without Cushing’s syndrome.ResultsThe prevalence of depression in patients with Cushing’s syndrome was 52.17% (12 patients). 2 patients (2 women) present mild depression and 10 patients (9 women and 1 men) present moderate or severe depression. Moderate or severe depression was significantly associated with older age, female sex, relatively more severe clinical condition. The prevalence of depression in 21 subjects without Cushing’s syndrome was 4.76% (1 women with mild depression).ConclusionThis study showed that patients with Cushing’s syndrome have a greater a risk of depression than people without Cushing’s syndrome. Patients with Cushing’s syndrome should be routinely screened and adequately treated for depression.

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Prevalence of depression in residents of gerontology centre in Sarajevo

Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.17532/jhsci.2012.62 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 40-45

Author(s):

Jasmina Mahmutović ◽

Aida Rudić ◽

Fatima Jusupović ◽

Arzija Pašalić ◽

Refet Gojak

Keyword(s):

Medical Records ◽

Geriatric Depression Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Severe Depression ◽

Health State ◽

Mild Depression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Third Age ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

Third Age Of Life

Introduction: Depressive disorder, as a major problem of public health, takes high fourth place in its prevalence in general population, and is considered to be the second most frequent health problem of femalepopulation. Depression is the most frequent mental problem of persons in their third age of life. The aim of this study is to evaluate prevalence of depression and establish the ratio between the current number ofdiagnosed and of unrecognised depression among the residents of Gerontology Centre in Sarajevo.Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study undertaken throughout May and June 2011 on the sample of 150 residents of “The Gerontology Centre“ in Sarajevo that were above 65 years of age. The following instruments were used for the research: the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), modified questionnaire consisting of two parts (general data and data related to health state), and the medical records of the residents. For statistic analysis of data was used the SPSS program for Windows.Results: According to GDS, prevalence of depression was 65.3%, out of which mild depression occurred in 46.7% cases and severe depression in 18.7%. The prevalence of verified (diagnosed) depression was 11.3per cents.Conclusions: According to the GD scale, unrecognised depressions seem to be almost six times more frequent (65.3:11%) than is the case with depressions diagnosed in medical records of the protégées of theGerontology Centre in Sarajevo. Timely recognition of depression and its treating in institutions for protection of health of persons in third age of life can substantially improve the quality of life of these patients.

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A Controlled Study of Depression among Attendees of an Oncology Clinic in West Africa

The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine ◽

10.2190/pm.42.4.a ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 42 (4) ◽

pp. 339-352 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Andrew T. Olagunju ◽

Olatunji F. Aina

Keyword(s):

Cancer Patients ◽

Depressive Symptomatology ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Severe Depression ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Systematic Random Sampling ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

The Difference

Objective: Depression is commonly encountered among cancer patients and has been linked with grave consequences if not promptly treated. This study was set to determine the prevalence of depression in cancer patients. Method: The samples were recruited using systematic random sampling and made up of 200 cancer patients and 200 age and sex matched controls that consented and met the inclusion criteria. The instruments used included: Socio-demographic and clinical profile questionnaire, Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale Revised (CES-DR), and the Schedule for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN). The instruments were administered by the researchers on the subjects and controls, and data obtained were analyzed using SPSS-15. Results: A larger proportion of cancer patients compared to controls had depressive symptomatology (CES-DR score of 16 and above) made up of 98 (49.0%) cancer patients compared to 40 (20.0%) controls, and the difference was statistically significant, p = < 0.001. Seventy-four (18.5%) subjects from the two groups had depressive disorder using SCAN. The prevalence of depression in cancer subjects was 27.5% with 9.5% in controls and the difference was statistically significant with p = < 0.001. A substantial proportion of cancer patients with depression, 36 (65.5%, n = 55), had moderate depression, 15 (27.3%, n = 55) were mildly depressed, and 7.2% ( n = 55) had severe depression. Conclusion: A significant proportion of cancer patients had depression compared with the controls with acute medical conditions. Prompt identification and treatment of cancer, mental disorders like depression should be integrated into cancer care in this part of the world.

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A Study of the Prevalence of Depression in Geriatric Outpatients and Associated Predisposing Factors

International Journal Of Medical Science And Clinical Invention ◽

10.18535/ijmsci/v5i1.17 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 3454-3459

Author(s):

Dr. Bineetha BS ◽

Dr. Priya Vijayakumar ◽

Dr. Sunil K. Senan ◽

Dr. George Paul

Keyword(s):

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Health Hazard ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Severe Depression ◽

Predisposing Factors ◽

Geriatric Depression ◽

Mild Depression ◽

Geriatric Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Of Depression

Geriatric depression is a major health hazard which may affect upto 15-20% of the geriatric population in the world. This study is being undertaken to estimate the prevalence of depression in the elderly population and to identify the predisposing factors associated with depression. A cross sectional study on patients above 65 years of age attending an outpatient clinic was done. They were screened using the Geriatric Depression Scale (30-point questionnaire). The association between depression and possible predisposing factors was tested using chi-square test. Out of 250 outpatients at the Geriatrics Outpatient Department, 133 patients were diagnosed to have depression, giving a prevalence of 53.2%. Out of these patients, 102 patients (76.69%) were diagnosed to have mild depression and 31 patients (23.31%) were diagnosed to have severe depression. The commonest symptoms associated with depression were anxiety (57.9% patients), sleep disturbances (55.6% patients), irritability (42.9% patients) and somatic symptoms (37.6% patients). The predisposing factors that were significantly associated with depression were female gender, poor level of education, unemployed or retired life, multiple comorbid illnesses, polypharmacy, adverse life events, fincancial crisis in the family and functional impairment.The prevalence of depression was 53.2% in Geriatric patients, and majority of cases were mild depression. Gender, socioeconomic variables, lifestyle and comorbid medical conditions are important predisposing factors to the development of depression in the geriatric population.

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Punctual prevalence of major depression among primary healthcare centers

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72377-x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 (S2) ◽

pp. 671-671

Author(s):

M. Oumaya ◽

F. Chelli ◽

W. Lassoued ◽

K. Ben Salah ◽

Y. Baccar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Major Depression ◽

Primary Healthcare ◽

Medical Condition ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Severe Depression ◽

Participation Rate ◽

Living Environment ◽

Chronic Medical Condition ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Primary Healthcare Centers

IntroductionDepression is commonbut still ignored in general practice whereas it is a source of handicap, psychiatric and somatic morbidity.AimsTo assess the punctual prevalence of major depression in primary healthcare centers in Tunisia.MethodsA Transversal study during march 2007 was conducted in three primary healthcare centers in Hammamet city. All partients having sixteen years or older were evaluated by the Cluster A of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Patients meeting criteria for major depressive disorder had subsequently been assessed by the MADRS depression scale. A score greater or equal to 20 was considered as the threshold score for the diagnosis of major depressive episode.Results199 patients participated at the study (participation rate = 70%). The prevalence of major depression was 13% and half of the patients suffered from severe depression according to MADRS. Depression affected more patients with low socioeconomic level (p = 0.037), suffering from a chronic medical condition (p = 0.0013), unmarried, divorced or widowed (p = 0.022). There were no statistically significance according to age, gender, living environment, alcohol abuse, and tobacco or life events. The frequency of suicidal thoughts or behavior was 3% in the sample and 19% among depressed patients.ConclusionNeed of further general practitioners training in systematic screening of depressive trouble is still requested.

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Study Of Depression in Elderly: Prevalence and Factors Associated

Journal of Psychiatrists Association of Nepal ◽

10.3126/jpan.v7i2.24609 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 16-23

Author(s):

S. Subedi ◽

P. Shrestha ◽

D.K. Thapa

Keyword(s):

Elderly People ◽

Short Form ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Community Sample ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Mild Depression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Prevalence Of Depression

Introduction: Ageing is a normal phenomenon. Various studies shows that there is a sharp rise in the elderly population in the last few years. Prevalence of depression in elderly is found to around 13% in the community sample in various countries. There is a dearth of study related to psychiatric illness in elderly in Nepal. This study was aimed to find the prevalence of depression in elderly and see for various factors associated with elderly depression. Material And Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Siddharthnagar Municipality, Bhairahawa, Rupandehi. 316 elderly were selected by using systematic random sampling technique. A Semi- structured interview schedule was developed to collect Socio-demographic data. The Short Form Geriatric Depression Scale (SF-GDS) was used to find out the prevalence of depression among elderly people. Ethical Approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee, Chitwan Medical College and permission was obtained from Siddharthnagar Municipality, Bhairahawa, Rupandehi. The collected data was entered in Epidata 3.1 and the data was exported and analyzed in IBM SPSS 20. Results: There were a total of 316 samples in this study. The mean age of respondents was 68.47 years of age. Majority of the respondents (54.1%) were female and living in joint Family (72.2%). Almost 45.9% respondents were from upper caste groups, 90.5% of respondents were Hindus. Among the married (100%) respondents, 54.6% of respondents were living with spouse and 3.2% were divorced and separated from spouse. Depression was present in 49.4% of respondents were depressed. Among depressed respondents, 46.7% of respondents were having mild depression, 39.2% moderate depression and 14.1% severe depression. Conclusion: The finding of this study concluded that depression among elderly people was a substantial problem in Siddharthnagar Municipality, Bhairahawa, Rupandehi.

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Does your neighborhood protect you from being depressed? A study on social trust and depression in Indonesia

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-019-7657-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mohamad Fahmi ◽

Nur Afni Panjaitan ◽

Ibnu Habibie ◽

Adiatma Y. M. Siregar ◽

Gilang Amarullah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Trust ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Severe Depression ◽

Total Sample ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Multilevel Regression ◽

Individual Level ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

The Individual

Abstract Background Prevalence of depression in Indonesia is estimated at about 3.7% of the total population, although the actual may be higher. Studies worldwide have linked the environment where people live to their mental health status. However, little research is found in Indonesia regarding this link. We examined the association between individuals’ perception towards their neighborhood and their depression symptoms. Methods Social trust was measured at the individual (level 1) and community (level 2) levels based on the Indonesian Family Life Survey 5 (IFLS5) in 2014. Depression was measured using the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale Revised (CESD-R-10) and the scores were transformed into logit form using the Rasch model. Multilevel regression was used to determine correlations. Results Of the total sample of 14,227 respondents in this study, about 19.4% had experienced severe depression symptoms in the past week. Social trust was found to be significantly associated with severe depression symptoms. The weaker the individuals’ social trust towards their neighbourhood, the higher the probability of experiencing severe depression symptoms would be. Conclusions This study shows that social trust is associated with the severity of depression symptoms: the higher the social trust, the lower the probability of having severe depression symptoms is. Depression symptoms may also be attributed to significant differences between communities.

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Depression among Elderly people attending at Senior Citizen Home, Bhaktapur

Journal of Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health Sciences ◽

10.3126/jmmihs.v3i1.19177 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 36-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bishnu Bhattarai ◽

S Poudyal

Keyword(s):

Chronic Illness ◽

Elderly People ◽

Day Care ◽

Family Income ◽

Common Mental Disorder ◽

Care Center ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Mild Depression ◽

Day Care Center ◽

Prevalence Of Depression

Introduction: Depression is the most common mental disorder in elderly people. The rapidly increasing growth of elderly population in developing countries including Nepal is at risk of increased population with depression.The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence and level of depression among elderly people attending day care center at Sidhi Saligram Senoir Citizen Home.Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was carried out among the elderly people attending day care center at Siddhi Shaligram Senior Citizens Home, Bhaktapur. Non-probability convenience time frame sampling technique was used to collect the data. The total sample was112 respondents. Face-to-face interview was carried out using Geriatric Depression Scale Long Form. Data analysis was done with SPSS 16 version and simple descriptive statistics and chi-square were applied for data interpretationResults: The study findings show that the prevalence of depression, i.e. 56.2% had depression. Among the depressed respondents, 77.8% had mild depression and 22.2% had severe depression. Depression among elderly people was found to be significantly associated with the sex (p=0.05) and the presence of chronic illness (p=0.000). However association was not seen among the age, educational level, and marital status, type of family, Income and disability.Conclusion: Prevalence of depression was found high among elderly people. Counseling and group discussion in day care center with psycho social support focused to female suffering from chronic illness is recommended.Journal of Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health SciencesVol. 3, No. 1, 2017, page: 36-44

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Prevalence estimates of depression in elderly community-dwelling African Americans in Indianapolis and Yoruba in Ibadan, Nigeria

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610207005480 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 679-689 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Olusegun Baiyewu ◽

Valerie Smith-Gamble ◽

Kathleen A. Lane ◽

Oye Gureje ◽

Sujuan Gao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

African Americans ◽

Clinical Assessment ◽

Severe Depression ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Mild Depression ◽

Community Based ◽

Prevalence Estimates ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

Screening Interview ◽

Ibadan Nigeria

Background: This is a community-based longitudinal epidemiological comparative study of elderly African Americans in Indianapolis and elderly Yoruba in Ibadan, Nigeria.Method: A two-stage study was designed in which community-based individuals were first screened using the Community Screening Interview for Dementia. The second stage was a full clinical assessment, which included use of the Geriatric Depression Scale, of a smaller sub-sample of individuals selected on the basis of their performance in the screening interview. Prevalence of depression was estimated using sampling weights according to the sampling stratification scheme for clinical assessment.Results: Some 2627 individuals were evaluated at the first stage in Indianapolis and 2806 in Ibadan. All were aged 69 years and over. Of these, 451 (17.2%) underwent clinical assessment in Indianapolis, while 605 (21.6%) were assessed in Ibadan. The prevalence estimates of both mild and severe depression were similar for the two sites (p = 0.1273 and p = 0.7093): 12.3% (mild depression) and 2.2% (severe depression) in Indianapolis and 19.8% and 1.6% respectively in Ibadan. Some differences were identified in association with demographic characteristics; for example, Ibadan men had a significantly higher prevalence of mild depression than Indianapolis men (p < 0.0001). Poor cognitive performance was associated with significantly higher rates of depression in Yoruba (p = 0.0039).Conclusion: Prevalence of depression was similar for elderly African Americans and Yoruba despite considerable socioeconomic and cultural differences between these populations.

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Predictors of Depression 12 Months after Cardiac Hospitalization: The Identifying Depression as a Comorbid Condition Study

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1080/j.1440-1614.2006.01927.x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 40 (11-12) ◽

pp. 1025-1030 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Geoff Schrader ◽

Frida Cheok ◽

Ann-Louise Hordacre ◽

Julie Marker

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Emotional Health ◽

Past History ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Severe Depression ◽

Self Report ◽

Comorbid Condition ◽

Multinomial Regression ◽

Mild Depression ◽

History Of

Objective: To determine characteristics which predict depression at 12 months after cardiac hospitalization, and track the natural history of depression. Method: Depressive symptoms were monitored at baseline, 3 and 12 months in a cohort of 785 patients, using the self-report Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Multinomial regression analyses of baseline clinical and demographic variables identified characteristics associated with depression at 12 months. Results: Three baseline variables predicted moderate to severe depression at 12 months: depression during index admission, past history of emotional health problems and current smoking. For those who were depressed during cardiac hospitalization, 51% remained depressed at both 3 and 12 months. Persistence was more evident in patients who had moderate to severe depressive symptoms when hospitalized. Mild depression was as likely to persist as to remit. Conclusions: Three clinically accessible characteristics at the time of cardiac hospitalization can assist in predicting depression at 12 months and may aid treatment decisions. Depressive symptoms persist in a substantial proportion of cardiac patients up to 12 months after hospitalization.

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A study on prevalence of depression in patients of vitiligo in tertiary care centre in South India

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20195678 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 80

Author(s):

Sneha R. Rathi ◽

Ambresh S. Badad ◽

Ashok S. Hogade

Keyword(s):

South India ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Specific Treatment ◽

Severe Depression ◽

Emotional Stimuli ◽

Mild Depression ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Co Morbidity ◽

Prevalence Of Depression

Background: Skin is an organ that has a primary function in tactile receptivity and reacts directly upon emotional stimuli. The effects on the quality of life as a result of acquiring vitiligo is highlighted.Methods: 100 patients with vitiligo were included in this study. A survey was done on the basis of Hamilton score of depression (HAM-D) having 17 different points that were supposed to be asked.Results: The majority of the patients in this study were in 3rd to 5th decade. Mean age is 42 years. Of these, males were 44 and females were 56. Of these, 25 (25%) patients did not show any signs of depression, 45 (45%) patients showed mild depression, 20 (20%) patients showed moderate depression and 10 (10%) patients showed severe depression on HAM-D scale.Conclusions: Vitiligo is a secondary psychocutaneous disorder which definitely has psychiatric co morbidity inthe form of depression. Treatment of vitiligo should include psychiatric counselling along with specific treatment.

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