Increased serum levels of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in women with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 1386-1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigbritt Rasmuson ◽  
Birgitta Näsman ◽  
Tommy Olsson
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Neuronal Excitability ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
The Central Nervous System

ABSTRACTBackground: It has been suggested that hypercortisolism contributes to the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), based on the fact that excess glucocorticoid exposure has potent adverse effects on the central nervous system. In contrast, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) has been linked to a broad range of beneficial physiological effects including neuronal excitability and neuroprotection and even memory enhancing properties. Of note, proinflammatory cytokines are present in neuritic plaques (a hallmark of AD) and may regulate cortisol/DHEA release. In this exploratory study, we hypothesized that there is a flattened diurnal curve of cortisol and DHEA in mild to moderate AD, linked to increased cytokine levels.Methods: Diurnal profiles of cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and DHEA were studied in 15 patients with mild to moderate AD (7 men and 8 women, 75.6 ± 5.5 years) and 15 healthy elderly controls (7 men and 8 women, 73.3 ± 5.8 years, respectively). Interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and soluble TNF receptors were analyzed.Results: Women with AD had significantly increased morning levels of ACTH, DHEA, and IL-6 compared to healthy elderly women. Cortisol levels were significantly increased in men with AD at 0300 h versus healthy elderly men, in spite of slightly decreased ACTH levels.Conclusions: Our data suggest important sex differences in hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis regulation and steroid hormone clearance in patients with AD. Increased secretion of IL-6 may have a contributory role in this difference.

Early Variations of Circulating Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-10 Levels During Thoracic Radiotherapy Are Predictive for Radiation Pneumonitis

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (34) ◽  
pp. 8748-8756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Arpin ◽  
David Perol ◽  
Jean-Yves Blay ◽  
Lionel Falchero ◽  
Line Claude ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Radiation Pneumonitis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Conformal Radiation Therapy ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
3D Crt

Purpose To investigate variations of circulating serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) during three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) in patients with non–small-cell lung cancer and correlate these variations with the occurrence of radiation pneumonitis. Patients and Methods Ninety-six patients receiving 3D-CRT for stage I to III disease were evaluated prospectively. Circulating cytokine levels were determined before, every 2 weeks during, and at the end of treatment. Radiation pneumonitis was evaluated prospectively between 6 and 8 weeks after 3D-CRT. The predictive value of clinical, dosimetric, and biologic (cytokine levels) factors was evaluated both in univariate and multivariate analyses. Results Forty patients (44%) experienced score 1 or more radiation pneumonitis. No association was found between baseline cytokine levels and the risk of radiation pneumonitis. In the whole population, mean levels of TNFα, IL-6, and IL-10 remained stable during radiotherapy. IL-6 levels were significantly higher (P = .047) during 3D-CRT in patients with radiation pneumonitis. In the multivariate analysis, covariations of IL-6 and IL-10 levels during the first 2 weeks of 3D-CRT were evidenced as independently predictive of radiation pneumonitis in this series (P = .011). Conclusion Early variations of circulating IL-6 and IL-10 levels during 3D-CRT are significantly associated with the risk of radiation pneumonitis. Variations of circulating IL-6 and IL-10 levels during 3D-CRT may serve as independent predictive factors for this complication.

scholarly journals Elevated Angiopoietin-1 Serum Levels in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigitte Schreitmüller ◽  
Thomas Leyhe ◽  
Elke Stransky ◽  
Niklas Köhler ◽  
Christoph Laske
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Angiopoietin 1

Background. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. AD is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles and by massive neuronal loss in the brain. There is epidemiologic and pathologic evidence that AD is associated with vascular risk factors and vascular diseases, contributing to cerebral hypoperfusion with consecutive stimulation of angiogenesis and upregulation of proangiogenic factors such as Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1).Methods. In the present study, we measured Ang-1 serum levels in 42 patients with AD, 20 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and in 40 healthy elderly controls by ELISA.Results. We found significantly increased Ang-1 serum levels in patients with AD compared to control subjects(P=0.003). There was no significant difference between MCI patients and healthy controls(P=0.553)or between AD and MCI patients(P=0.054). The degree of cognitive impairment as measured by the mini-mental status examination (MMSE) score was significantly correlated with the Ang-1 serum levels in all patients and healthy controls.Conclusions. We found significantly increased Ang-1 serum levels in AD patients. We could also show an association between Ang-1 serum levels and the cognitive status in all patients and healthy controls. Thus, serum Ang-1 could be a potential candidate for a biomarker panel for AD diagnosis.

Autonomic Cardiovascular Responses to Tilting in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease and in Healthy Elderly Women

1992 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
SÖLVE ELMSTÅHL ◽  
MARIE PETERSSON ◽  
BO LILJA ◽  
SVEN-MÅRTEN SAMUELSSON ◽  
INGMAR ROSŚN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Healthy Elderly

scholarly journals Associations of Gene Sequence Variation and Serum Levels of C-Reactive Protein and Interleukin-6 with Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrika K. Eriksson ◽  
Nancy L. Pedersen ◽  
Chandra A. Reynolds ◽  
Mun-Gwan Hong ◽  
Jonathan A. Prince ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Sequence Variation ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein

Cytokine Levels in Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid during Tetanus: Possible Immune Activation

1992 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Perrella ◽  
G. Liguori ◽  
M. Martinelli ◽  
L. Finelli ◽  
D. Guarnaccia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Intrathecal Therapy ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Ifn Gamma ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Because of the possible involvement of cytokines in tetanus, we investigated the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum levels of granulocyte-macrophage-CSF (GM-CSF), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in eight patients affected by uncomplicated tetanus before intrathecal therapy with immunoglobulins. We observed a significant increase of cytokines levels in CSF respect to controls (p<0.001). In particular IFN-gamma, followed by GM-CSF, IL-6 and TNF-alpha, while IL-1 alpha was not detectable in either serum or CSF. Moreover, no correlation was found between serum and CSF cytokine levels. These results could indicate an intrathecal production of these cytokines and a possible immunologic activation occuring in the central nervous system (CNS). Since this study is preliminary, we do not conclude that the measurement of cerebrospinal fluid cytokine levels could represent a useful marker in the course of tetanus.

scholarly journals Serum levels of interleukin-6 are not elevated in patients with Alzheimer's disease

1990 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia M van Duijn ◽  
Albert Hofman ◽  
Lex Nagelkerken
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Serum Levels

Paired helical filaments (PHF) in rats: An experimental animal model for Alzheimer's disease

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 842-843
Author(s):  
V.J.A. Montpetit ◽  
S. Dancea ◽  
S.W. French ◽  
D.F. Clapin
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Paired Helical Filaments ◽  
Ethanol Intoxication ◽  
Drg Neurons ◽  
Critical Difference ◽  
Suitable Animal Model ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Chronic Ethanol Intoxication

A continuing problem in Alzheimer research is the lack of a suitable animal model for the disease. The absence of neurofibrillary tangles of paired helical filaments is the most critical difference in the processes by which the central nervous system ages in most species other than man. However, restricting consideration to single phenomena, one may identify animal models for specific aspects of Alzheimer's disease. Abnormal fibers resembling PHF have been observed in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons of rats in a study of chronic ethanol intoxication and spontaneously in aged rats. We present in this report evidence that PHF-like filaments occur in ethanol-treated rats of young age. In control animals lesions similar in some respects to our observations of cytoskeletal pathology in pyridoxine induced neurotoxicity were observed.Male Wistar BR rats (Charles River Labs) weighing 350 to 400 g, were implanted with a single gastrostomy cannula and infused with a liquid diet containing 30% of total calories as fat plus ethanol or isocaloric dextrose.

Alzheimer’s Disease Targeted Nano-Based Drug Delivery Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 628-646
Author(s):  
Gülcem Altinoglu ◽  
Terin Adali
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Sustained Drug Release ◽  
Physiochemical Properties ◽  
Conventional Drug ◽  
Health Care Burden ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Effective Drugs

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, and is part of a massive and growing health care burden that is destroying the cognitive function of more than 50 million individuals worldwide. Today, therapeutic options are limited to approaches with mild symptomatic benefits. The failure in developing effective drugs is attributed to, but not limited to the highly heterogeneous nature of AD with multiple underlying hypotheses and multifactorial pathology. In addition, targeted drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS), for the diagnosis and therapy of neurological diseases like AD, is restricted by the challenges posed by blood-brain interfaces surrounding the CNS, limiting the bioavailability of therapeutics. Research done over the last decade has focused on developing new strategies to overcome these limitations and successfully deliver drugs to the CNS. Nanoparticles, that are capable of encapsulating drugs with sustained drug release profiles and adjustable physiochemical properties, can cross the protective barriers surrounding the CNS. Thus, nanotechnology offers new hope for AD treatment as a strong alternative to conventional drug delivery mechanisms. In this review, the potential application of nanoparticle based approaches in Alzheimer’s disease and their implications in therapy is discussed.

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